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The aim of this study was to determine the impact of diet on the fatty acids profile in European catfish meat. The study material was comprised of fish reared in earthen ponds and fed with natural food and fish fed intensively with artificial feed in a recirculating system. The quality of the fatty acids profile in the meat of the two groups differed. A total of twenty-eight acids were identified in the catfish reared on natural food. The fish fed artificial feed contained an additional two acids – 22:1n-9 and 16:4, which were also detected in the artificial feed. The combined total share of saturated acids, MUFA, and PUFA was similar. However, the share of most of the fatty acids from these groups, including total PUFA n-6 and n-3 and HUFA n-3 and n-6, differed significantly. The catfish fed on artificial feed contained more n-3 acids and fewer n-6 acids. Above all, this was caused by the greater share of 20:5n-3 (eicosapentaenoic, EPA), 22:6n-3 (docosahexaenoic, DHA), and 20:3n-3 and 20:4n-3 acids and the lesser share of 18:3n-3 (a-linolenic, ALA) acid. The meat of the fish from this group also contained fewer 20:4n-6 (arachidonic, AA), 20:3n-6, and 22:5n-6 acids. Additionally, the n-3/n-6 acid ratio was significantly different at 2.31 (pond culture) and 3.93 (intensive culture on artificial feed).
The aim of this work was to develop methods of artificial European catfish reproduction outside of its natural spawning season using thermal and hormonal stimulation. Ovulation was induced with combined hormonal stimulation using a priming dose of Ovopel (0.3 granules in one dose or 0.2 and 0.3 granules in two doses per kg of female body weight) and a resolving dose of carp pituitary extract (CPE) (3 mg per kg of female body weight). The latency period between the doses was 24 hours. The males were stimulated with one dose of Ovopel (1 granule per kg of body weight). The results obtained indicated that the application of the appropriate thermal and hormonal stimulation, without light stimulation, can induce artificial spawning in the European catfish between January and August. It was revealed that the time between the injection of the resolving dose and egg collection decreased over this period. Thus, ovulation could be stimulated faster than in winter and spring. The number of eggs obtained in pre-season spawning was greater when the thermal treatment was longer. The results obtained indicate that the application of Ovopel in two stimulation doses instead of one was advantageous for the effectiveness of European catfish pre-season spawning, the number of eggs obtained as well as its survival. The results obtained during artificial European catfish reproduction conducted before, during, and after its natural spawning period were comparable.
The aim of the research was to compare the basic composition and fatty acids profile from dorsal and ventral fillets of European catfish cultivated in earthen ponds on natural feed with those from fish fed artificial feed under intensive cultivation in recirculating systems. The lipid content in the dorsal and ventral fillets of catfish fed natural feed varied and were higher in the ventral fillets (P < 0.01). The lipid content of catfish fed artificial feed was equal (P > 0.01). The fatty acids profiles of dorsal and ventral fillets from catfish fed natural feed differed, while no such differences were noted in the fillets of fish fed artificial feed. It was revealed that the differences between the dorsal and ventral fillets of catfish cultivated on natural feed mainly regarded unsaturated; this led to different relationships between the amounts of MUFA and PUFA. This was due to the various amounts of oleic, palmitic, and mainly docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids. It was also determined that a 100 g ventral fillet from catfish cultivated on natural feed had an approximately two-fold higher content of various fatty acids, especially those from the valuable n-3 group, than did dorsal fillets. No such difference was noted in catfish cultivated with artificial feed in recirculating systems.
Groups of “small” (65 ± 10 g/indiv.) and “large” (110 ± 10 g/indiv.) wels (Silurus glanis) kept for 49 days in cages in cooling water, were fed with semi-extruded feed offered in 5 different doses (1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%), calculated relatively to the individual metabolic fish weight (W0.8). The feed contained 48.5% crude protein, 14.4% lipids and 20.97 KJ/g gross energy. The experiment showed that, at the water temperature range of 24-28°C, the daily feed demand was identical in both groups of wels and amounted to 2% W0.8, while at 18-23°C it did not exceed 1.5% W0.8.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the ability of intensively reared European wels, (Silurus glanis L.) to adapt fish to pond conditions. Studies were carried out in two ponds in 1992 and four in 1993. The wels were stocked into the ponds when they were about 11 months of age and had average weights of: 498 and 469 g (1992) or 138, 281, 394 and 213 g (1993) respectively. When they were harvested at the age of 15-20 months, the average weights had increased to 1.461 and 2.125 g (survival 97 to 100%) for the fish stocked in 1992, and to 659, 1.323, 2.057 and 1.382 g (survival 86, 100, 87 and l00%) for the 1993 stock. Thus, European wels cultured intensively under controlled conditions do not lose their ability to actively seek and feed on live prey. Consequently it appears that intensively cultivated European wels may be stocked into ponds, and intensive rearing enables the stocking of fish at one year of age when the body weight may approach 500 g.
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