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A list and the distribution of Oomycota species in the Tatra Mts (Western Carpathian Mts) are presented. Revised herbarium vouchers and literature data were used for analysis. Thirty two species of oomycetes on fifty seven plant species were noted in the area, including two species of the order Albuginales (genera: Albugo and Pustula, on nine plant species), 29 species of the order Peronosporales (genera: Bremia, Hyaloperonospora, Peronospora and Plasmopara, on 49 plant species), and one species of the order Pythiales (genus: Myzocytium, on one species of algae). Twenty nine species were collected on the Polish side of the Tatra Mts and ten species were collected on the Slovak side. The oomycetes were collected at 185 localities.
Occurrence of culturable Fungi and Oomycota in root-soil habitat of potato cv. Owacja in organic and integrated production systems at Osiny (northern Poland) was compared in 2008–2010. The densities of both pathogens were significantly greater in the organic system. The eudominant fungal taxa (with frequency > 10% in at least one habitat) included species of Fusarium + Gibberella + Haematonectria, Penicillium, Phoma and Trichoderma. The dominant taxa (with frequency 5–10%) included species from 13 genera. In the rhizoplane, rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil, the total density of potential pathogens was greater in the integrated system, and of potential antagonists in the organic system. Among eudominant and dominant pathogens, Fusarium oxysporum and Gibellulopsis nigrescens occurred at greater density in the integrated system and Haematonectria haematococca and Phoma spp. in the organic system. Among eudominant antagonists, Trichoderma species occurred at greater density in the organic system. The organic system provided more disease suppressive habitat than the integrated system. The occurrence of brown leaf spot and potato blight was however similar in both systems. The mean yield of organic potatoes (24.9 t · ha–1) was higher than the mean organic potato yield in Poland (21.0 t · ha–1) and similar to the mean in other European countries (Germany 25.1 t · ha–1, Great Britain 25.0 t · ha–1). The organic system, based on a 5-year rotation, with narrow-leafed lupin, white mustard and buckwheat as a cover crop, inorganic fertilization based on ground rock phosphate + potassium sulphate, and biological and chemical control of insects and diseases (Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. tenebrionis + copper hydroxide + copper oxychloride), may be recommended for use in central Europe.
In this paper I studied the occurrence and distribution of zoosporic true fungi (Blastocladiomycota) and heterotrophic straminipiles (Hyphochytriomycota and Oomycota) from the water of three springs of the Biała River (Sobolewo, Dojlidy Górne, and Kurjany springs) in the vicinity of Białystok. Twenty-one species of zoosporic true fungi and heterotrophic straminipiles belonging to 10 genera of the orders Blastocladiales, Hyphochytriales, Pythiales, and Saprolegniales were isolated using hemp seeds and snake skin as baits. The most commonly encountered species were: Achlya apiculata, Aphanomyces laevis, Catenophlyctis variabilis, Dictyuchus monosporus, Pythium debaryanyum, and Saprolegnia ferax. The highest species richness (S), the largest, and relative frequency (RF) were noted from springs Dojlidy Górne (S=16, RF=76.19%) and Kurjany (S=13, RF=61.90%), whereas the lowest richness and frequency were obtained from Sobolewo (S=9, RF=42.85%).
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