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Natura 2000 sites can be very attractive for leisure and tourism activities. However, these activities can have a negative impact on protected habitats and species. The main aim of this study was to analyze what forms of tourism and recreation have been developed at Lower Silesian Natura 2000 sites, and what are kinds of their impact and what is their intensity. The main research materials are Standard Data Forms. Among the 13 main types of tourism and leisure activities, found in analyzed sites, hiking, cycling, leisure fishing, hunting and their related infrastructure are the most frequently recorded. The results show that low intensities are most often described. The frequency of occurrence of neutral or negative environmental impacts of these activities is the same. However, no examples of positive impact have been recorded.
The aim of this paperwork was the potential risk assessment from farming for natural-valuable ecosystems in Natura 2000 area, based on selected production and environment indicators. There were selected 75 farms located in Dąbrowy Krotoszyńskie (PLH300002) and in zone of direct effect on the NATURA 2000 area, in the Wielkopolska province. In the research data from years 2004–2011 were used. Dąbrowy Krotoszyńskie are located in two nitrogen vulnerable zone’s (NVZ) – Orla river, Czarna Woda and Kuroch rivers. Average size of 75 farms chosen to research was 37.8 ha. All of farms led plant and animal production. In the structure of livestock species predominated cattle (62.1%). Pork accounted for 36.6% share. To hear the current threat to the quality of surface waters from agricultural production for the 26 representative farms were calculated NPK nutrients balance by “on field surface” methodology. The results showed the average balance of nutrients surplus, the group analyzed on the level 121.9 kg N·ha–1 and 47.1 kg K·ha–1, which indicates that macro-components are unsustainable management. Content of phosphorus did not exceed standards. One of the basic environmental indicators in agriculture is a load of farmland nitrogen from manure produced by livestock kept on the farm. Of the 75 surveyed farms only 12% exceeded the recommended standard 170 kg N·ha–1, while in 56% of farms had amount not exceeding 100 kg N·ha–1. In the paper were analyzes the status and the needs for structures to store manure. From the 75 studied farms, only seven had the right size concrete structure for storing solid manure for a period of six months. As many farmers had a suitable tank for liquid manure. Concrete for solid manure did not have 18% of farmers and 73%, there was no tank for liquid manure. This demonstrates the high negligence in this area and the potential risk of migration of nutrients to the environment.
Subject and purpose of work: The article explores the issue of protected areas in the Podlaskie Province with particular reference to Natura 2000 areas. Its purpose is to investigate the familiarity of those areas as well as the perception of their attractiveness among the inhabitants of the Podlaskie Province. Materials and methods: Surveys conducted in the study involved 275 adult inhabitants of the Podlaskie Province. The selection of the research sample was accidental. Results: The meaning of the Natura 2000 concept was widely known among the respondents. These areas were considered to be attractive to tourists and quite often visited by the respondents. The most popular were the Bialowieza, Augustow and Knyszyn Forests. Hiking, cycling and canoeing were held most often in those areas Conclusions: Natura 2000 areas in the Podlasie Province constitute a valuable and popular tourist destination. What they need is proper tourism organization so as to give visitors an opportunity to get acquainted with their most important values, as well as ensure sustainable tourism and area protection.
The paper presents the list of 159 taxa, including 151 lichens and 8 saprotrophic or parasitic (lichenicolous) fungi, recorded in the designed Special Area of Conservation NATURA 2000 „Middle Łyna River Valley – Smolajny” (the Forest Division of Wichrowo). The analysed area (2953 ha) covers mostly forest communities, with natural character, associated with the valley of the Łyna river (hillside lime-oak-hornbeam forests, streamside alder-ash forest, riparian black alder forest).
The vascular flora in the “Łąki w Komborni” Natura 2000 site comprises 219 species representing 44 families and 147 genera. Species from the families Asteraceae, Poaceae, Lamiaceae, Fabaceae, Rosaceae, Polygonaceae, Cyperaceae, Apiaceae, and Ranunculaceae were found to dominate. A geographical and historical analysis of species confirmed the clear dominance of apophytes (84%) over anthropophytes (16%) as well as perennials (69%) over short-lived (23%) species. The biological spectrum was dominated by hemicryptophytes (54%) and therophytes (19%), compared with other life forms. In terms of synecology, the flora was mainly represented by species from the classes Molinio-Arrhenatheretea, Stellarietea mediae, Artemisietea vulgaris and Phragmitetea. The “Łąki w Komborni” site is a habitat for 82 (37%) medicinal species and 155 (70%) forage species for bees. Noteworthy is the occurrence of protected species, e.g. Gladiolus imbricatus, Trollius europaeus, Centhaurium erythraea, Dactylorhiza majalis, Platanthera bifolia and Primula elatior.
The article presents the results of floristic investigations conducted in 2012–2014 in the Natura 2000 area “Łąki nad Wojkówką” (PLH 180051) situated in the Dynowskie Foothills. The area was established with the aim of conservation of thermophilic meadow complexes with fragments of xerothermic grasslands, which are extremely rare in the Carpathians. The vascular flora comprises 252 species from 49 families and 166 genera. Native spontaneophytes (45.7%) and apophytes (44.8%) dominated over anthropophytes (9.5%), and perennial species (85.3%) dominated over short-lived (14.7%) species. Thermophilic species of dry grasslands and scrubs were represented by the classes Festuco-Brometea, Trifolio-Geranietea, and Rhamno-Prunetea. Fresh meadow plants from the class Molinio-Arrhenatheretea were most frequently noted in the flora composition, while ruderal species from the class Artemisietea vulgaris had a substantial share. The occurrence of protected species e.g. Centaurium erythraea, Dianthus armeria, and Gentiana cruciata should also be noted.
Ostericum palustre Besser is a species protected by the domestic and EU laws. In Poland it occurs in about 150 sites one of which is located in the area covered by Natura 2000 “Lisi Kąt”. The population existing there, estimated as 35,000 individuals, covers the acreage of 342 ha. The species persists there mostly in over-dried and transformed-by-meadow-management reed beds with the share of Carex acutiformis and C. gracilis, in phytocenoses of Scheuchzerio-Caricetea nigrae with a large share of mosses, in overgrowing patches of the alliances of Molinion as well as sporadically within reed beds with Carex pseudocyperus. Its share in similar phytocenoses coincides with the reports in literature in the region of the Noteć Valley. In most cases those are heavily disturbed systems, transitional in nature, which must have been the reason for a relatively high level of species variation. The habitat preferences of Ostericum palustre, determined with Ellenberg's indicator values (L, T), correspond to the values optimal for the species. Soil, on the other hand, can be referred to as slightly acid, average fertile and mostly moist.
The belowground and aboveground biomass was estimated for the tree story, sproutsand seedling regeneration in a representative Quercus frainetto – Quercus cerris ecosystem on “Zapadna Stara planina i Predbalkan”, a Site of Community Importance (SCI). The biomass was measured by destructive sampling (on sample or “model trees” representing three calculated density classes for each species and cut at the stump) of leaves, annual and perennial branches, wood, bark and root components. The belowground (root) biomass was also calculated from a subsample. The data obtained were compared to the results of previous studies and the values on the Bazilevich and Rodin [1971] scale. The ecological status of the forest ecosystem studied and its functional efficiency are discussed based on the study results and specific climate data.
Hardwood floodplain forests of lowland rivers in the temperate zone of Europe represent important refugia for biota in the cultural landscape. Most of these habitats that are in near natural state are included in the system of protected areas and ecological networks. This paper presents the results of an innovative method for the assessment of hardwood floodplain forest management strategy. This method is based on combining the analysis of historical development of the forest ecosystem with the growth simulation model of the forest. The method allows us to understand (explain) the current state of the hardwood floodplain forest ecosystem and to predict its future development taking into account the applied forest management strategy. Application of this method is promising especially in protected areas because it allows us to assess the suitability of the chosen strategy that is included in the protected area management plan. The research was conducted in the area of ‘Bahna’ in Litovelské Pomoraví protected landscape area (Czech Republic). The current management strategy applied on the hardwood floodplain forest ecosystem in the study site is based on a strict non-intervention protection regime. Historical research of the forest ecosystem showed that the studied floodplain forest habitat is a relic of coppice with standards system and thus is the result of intensive forest management in the past. Growth simulation model showed that in the future 40 years the assessed management strategy will not lead to significant changes in the structure or diversity of the tree layer. Considering the conservation objectives of the reserve (maintenance of biodiversity and the present character of the forest ecosystem dominated by ash and oak), the current management plan does not require any significant corrections. The presented results can be applied in discussions about optimal management strategies in protected areas containing hardwood floodplain forest ecosystems, which belong to priority natural habitat types in the Natura 2000 network.
Steciana
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2014
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tom 18
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nr 2
The paper contains a phytosociological description and evaluation of alluvial meadows of Cnidion dubii Bal.-Tul. 1966 at the Natura 2000 site “Łęgi Odrzańskie”, the middle Oder river valley, presented in relation to local water conditions and grassland management. Phytosociological data of the C. dubii alliance from Poland and the Czech Republic have also been presented.
Celem artykułu jest analiza metodyki przeprowadzania oceny oddziaływania inwestycji budowlanych na obszar Natura 2000. Obszary Natura 2000 stanowią najmłodszą z form ochrony przyrody, wprowadzoną do krajowego systemu prawnego w następstwie przystąpienia Polski do Unii Europejskiej. Są one wyznaczane we wszystkich państwach członkowskich Unii w celu utworzenia europejskiej sieci ekologicznej terenów o najcenniejszych walorach przyrodniczych, co nakłada na inwestorów istotne ograniczenia w możliwościach i sposobach ich zabudowy. Nieznajomość wymogów formalnoprawnych i metodycznych towarzyszących procesowi oceny może skutkować nieuzyskaniem decyzji zezwalającej na realizację inwestycji budowlanej lub wydłużeniem czasu potrzebnego na przygotowanie inwestycji do realizacji. W artykule określono i scharakteryzowano etapy i fazy oceny oddziaływania na obszar Natura 2000 z perspektywy inwestora wraz z zasygnalizowaniem najnowszych zmian wynikających ze znowelizowanej ustawy o udostępnianiu informacji o środowisku, udziale społeczeństwa w ochronie środowiska oraz ocenach oddziaływania na środowisko, a także z potencjalnych zagrożeń dla uzyskania satysfakcjonującego inwestora rozstrzygnięcia. Wskazano również wynikające z przepisów niedostatki metodyczne wyodrębnionych faz.
Celem pracy jest weryfikacja oceny oddziaływania na środowisko przedsięwzięcia polegającego na eksploatacji piasku wydmowego w miejscowości Wilcza Wola w gminie Dzikowiec leżącej na terenie obszaru Natura 2000 Puszcza Sandomierska – oraz Sokołowsko-Wilczowolskiego Obszaru Chronionego Krajobrazu. W pracy zaprezentowano charakterystykę kopalni piasku oraz wyniki badań i analiz możliwego jej negatywnego oddziaływania na poszczególne elementy środowiska przyrodniczego na etapie realizacji, eksploatacji oraz likwidacji. Osiągnięcie tego celu było możliwe dzięki szczegółowej analizie danych zawartych w raporcie o oddziaływaniu na środowisko przedsięwzięcia p.n. „Eksploatacja piasku wydmowego ze złoża «Wilcza Wola»”, analizie aktów prawnych, a także badaniom terenowym oraz zastosowanym do weryfikacji przeprowadzonej oceny oddziaływania na środowisko wytycznym, które zawarte są w Dyrektywie siedliskowej [Dyrektywa… 1992].
In the Natura 2000 Habitats Directive site „Huy nördlich Halberstadt" in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany, 11 sites with typical regional plant associations (2 rupicolous calcareous or basophilic grasslands of the Alysso-Sedion albi, 2 semi-natural dry grasslands and scrubland facies on calcareous substrates, 3 Asperulo-Fagetum beech forests, 1 Medio-European limestone beech forest of the Cephalanthero-Fagion and 3 Galio-Carpinetum oak-hornbeam forests) were sampled for millipedes and centipedes using pitfall traps over a period of one and a half years. In addition 11 further sites and different microhabitats were investigated using hand sampling, soil cores and sieving. With a total of 30 diplopod and 17 chilopod species, the Huy can be classified as markedly species rich. The community structures and species compositions were of special importance and characteristic for all sites. Ecologically notable species were Ophiodesmus albonanus (Latzel, 1895), Megaphyllum unilineatum (C.L. Koch 1838), Brachyiulus pusillus (Leach, 1814), Mycogona germanica (Verhoeff, 1892), Polyxenus lagurus Linne, 1758, Geophilus electricus (Linné, 1758), Lithobius nodulipes Latzel, 1880 and Lithobiuspelidnus Haase, 1880.
This study presents distribution and abundance of three Potamogeton species, namely Potamogeton crispus, P. nodosus and P. pectinatus along environmental gradients in the lowland river Wełna (NW Poland). The relationships between 13 environmental factors and the pattern aquatic vegetation distribution along river were investigated. Among ecological factors rarely undertaken in aquatic ecology the light climate was concerned. It is postulated that the Potamogeton communities in the investigated river are strongly connected with water velocity, substrate of bottom and light conditions, in particular dissolved organic matter (DOM). Elodeo-Potametum crispi and algae communities with dominant species Hildenbrandia rivularis were well developed in the places shading by trees, with high velocity and fairly clean water, mostly with stony bottom. Potametum nodosi was noted in mean values of velocity and medium water quality with high content of organic matter in the bottom substrate. The last investigated community Sparganio-Potametum interrupti was found in poor water quality with the highest values of electric conductivity. The obtained results give a new approach of the ecology and abiotic typology of rivers with macrophytes including abundance of Potamogeton species (Nature 2000 habitat, code 3260 – “Water courses of plain to montane levels with the Ranunculion fl uitantis and Callitricho-Batrachion vegetation”).
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