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The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation of the rate of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyo) in slaughter pigs with season, climate change and enzootic pneumonia (EP) lesions. We collected 530 slaughter pig lungs with suspected lesions from two slaughterhouses in different seasons and weather conditions from November 2014 to March 2017 in Changsha Hunan Province, China. The EP lesions of these lungs were quantified, and a PCR analysis was used to detect M. hyo in samples of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Twenty percent, 10%, and 9% of the lung specimens were scored 1-5, 6-10, and ≥ 11, respectively. Additionally, we found that 36% of all BALF samples tested positive for M. hyo. Among the lung specimens collected in winter, 41% scored 1 or more, and 53% tested positive for M. hyo. With respect to seasons, the lung specimens collected in summer showed the least number of EP lesions and the lowest positive testing rate for M. hyo. Of these specimens, 27% scored 1 or more, and 22% tested positive for M. hyo. Additionally, low temperature and fast temperature change (during 10 days before sampling) were associated with a higher rate of M. hyo detection in BALF. There was a positive correlation between the lung EP lesion score and the detection rate of M. hyo in the BALF of slaughter pigs. In conclusion, lung EP lesion scoring in slaughter pigs is of referential value to the evaluation of the dynamics of M. hyo infection in a swine population. It is essential to control the spread of M. hyo by careful management of swine populations, and the prevention and control of M. hyo in fattening pigs is of great significance to the eradication of the disease.
The role of Mycoplasma (M.) hyopneumoniae in the pathogenesis of mycoplasmal pneumonia in swine (MPS), its importance in causing losses in swine production and the efficacy of specific bacterins in their reduction were described. The value of immunoprophylaxis in comparison to other procedures applied in the control of the disease was estimated. Cell-mediated immunity and mucosal immunity involving IgA located in the mucus of the bronchi were judged as important for protection against the disease. However, bacterins provide only partial protection and do not prevent the colonization and carriership of M. hyopneumoniae in the lungs. Research on new vaccines, including aerosol and feed-based vaccines, as well as subunit and DNA preparations were characterized. Finally, it was concluded that the application of vaccines in the control of MPS should be evaluated as a supplementary, economically acceptable method when combined with optimal herd management practices and housing conditions.
The purpose of this work was to evaluate under experimental conditions the clinical and economic of the combined use of tiamulin and tetracycline in the treatment of mixed infections of the respiratory system. Sixteen piglets, approximately 12 kg, were used in the experiment. The animals were free of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M.hp.), Bordetella bronchiseptica (B.b.), Pasteurella multocida (P.m.) and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (A.pp). The piglets were infected at day „0” with an M.hp. suspension at a dose of 10⁷ cfu/ml. One ml of this suspension was given into each nostril. After 14 days the animals were randomly divided into 2 groups (experimental I and control II) and infected with a suspension of dermonecrotoxic strain of P.m. The density of this culture was 10⁹ cfu/ml. Two ml of this suspension was administered into each nostril. On the same day treatment of the experimental group was started using doses of tiamulin and tetracycline recomended by the producer. After 10 days treatment was finished. Six weeks after the P.m. infection all sows were killed. The efficacy of the therapy was evaluated on the basis of bacteriological and serological examinations and post mortem findings: estimation of lesions in the lungs, isolation of M.hp. and P.m. from lung tissue. The dynamics of body weight gains and feed conversion were also determined. After investigation it was determined that administration of the above mentioned antibiotics eliminated M.hp. and P.m. in all animals from the experimental group. In the control group M.hp. was isolated in 3 cases and P.m. in 5 cases. There were considerable visible differences in the spread of lesions in lungs from treated and untreated sows. Mean body weight at the day of slaughter in the experimental group was about 6.5 kg higher than in the control. There were significant differences in dynamics of body weight gains visible in the whole period between P.m. infection and the day of slaughter. Feed conversion was also about 20% better in the treated group. It was concluded that tiamulin and tetracycline combination was effective in the therapy of experimentally induced, mixed infection of the respiratory system of pigs.
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