Wyniki wyszukiwania

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Application of microsatellite markers developed for arvicoline species in a population genetic study of the root vole Microtus oeconomus

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Czajkowska M., Borkowska A., Wieczorek M., Zub K.

Acta Theriologica

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2010

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tom 55

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nr 2

123-128

Using a root vole Microtus oeconomus (Pallas, 1776) population in NE Poland we applied 31 microsatellite markers previously developed for root voles and closely related species, with the aim to improve the population genetic tools in this species. Here we present 16 polymorphic microsatellite markers grouped into four sets suitable for simultaneous amplification and genetically sex identification in M. oeconomus. The number of alleles per locus in 227 individuals varied from 7 to 26 with a low frequency of null alleles, expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.758 to 0.927, and observed heterozygosity from 0.722 to 0.947. Two loci showed significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p<0.05) and all loci showed independent inheritance. We expect these markers to be useful for studies of genetic population structure and kinship of M. oeconomus populations.

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Opposite-sex sibling recognition in adult root vole, Microtus oeconomus Pallas: phenotype matching or association

100%

Sun P., Zhu W., Zhao X.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2008

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tom 56

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nr 4

701-708

Hypothesis of phenotype matching and association are the most likely mechanisms in kin recognition. These hypotheses were tested by observing behavioral responses of cross-fostered root voles to urine cues from familiar and unfamiliar kin and non-kin. In experiment I, approach latency by males was significantly longer in response to non-sibling reared together (NSRT) than to non-sibling reared apart (NSRA) females, whereas, investigatory and sniffing time were significantly less in response to NSRT than to NSRA. However females showed no event bias to odors from NSRT and NSRA males. In experiment II, the behavioral responses of males and females to urine odors from siblings reared apart (SRA) and NSRA were not related to the degree of genetic relationship. It was concluded that: Association mechanism is used by male root voles in opposite-sex sibling recognition; Female voles possibly adopt multiple recognition mechanisms in different social tests.

3

The transstadial persistence of tick-borne encephalitis virus in Dermacentor reticulatus ticks in natural conditions

100%

Karbowiak G., Biernat B., Werszko J., Rychlik L.

Acta Parasitologica

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2016

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tom 61

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nr 1

4

Uzębienie nornika północnego, Microtus oeconomus (Pallas, 1776) w izolowanej populacji w Puszczy Noteckiej

100%

Rachowiak P.

Badania Fizjograficzne nad Polską Zachodnią. Seria C:Zoologia

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1991[wyd.1993]

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tom 39

5

Effect of burrowing activity of root vole [Microtus oeconomus Pallas] on plant diversity in alpine meadow

100%

Sun P., Zhao X., Zhu W., Xu S.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2005

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tom 53

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nr 4

Herbivory and burrowing activity of mammals may influence the species composition and diversity of plant communities. The effect of corridors and holes systems constructed by root vole (Microtus oeconomus Pallas) on the plant species diversity was studied in the habitat of high - mountain meadow (3250 m a.s.l in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China). By using grid method, these disturbances were studied on 16 plots (100 cm × 100 cm) distributed in 4 transects in studied area, in August 2000 and 2001. The disturbance intensity index, D, was calculated as the percent of the ground surface disturbed by voles in the study area. Plant species were identified and counted on the same plots. In total 46 plant species were identified – 39% of this number was considered as sensitive to the vole disturbances as their occurrence and/or abundance decreased along the disturbance intensity. Generally, a significantly negative correlation (r = – 0.911, P < 0.01) between vole aboveground disturbances and plant species diversity (H’) was found. The results suggest that root vole ground disturbances, especially in the form of actively utilized holes and corridors have significantly negative influence on plant species diversity in high-mountain grassland habitat.

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Behavioural variation in two populations of root voles

100%

Kapusta J., Pachinger K., Marchlewska-Koj A.

Acta Theriologica

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1999

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tom 44

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nr 4

Significant morphological and physiological variations between root vole Microtus oeconomus (Pallas, 1776) populations have been found. Behavioural differences between two geographically separated populations were found in this study. Ultrasonic vocalization and behavioural interaction (non-aggressive and aggressive approaches) were monitored during 10-min encounters. Ultrasounds were monitored during encounters involving all possible combinations of males and females of two populations, called here southern (Prague, Czech Republic) and northern (Białowieża, Poland). The northern male-male combination did not produce ultrasounds. In both populations, males exhibited more aggressive behaviour than females did. Since M. oeconomus females are highly territorial and the home ranges of males overlap, the agonistic behaviour of males may enable them to control a larger area with greater numbers of receptive females. We also found significant differences in behavioural activity between the two investigated populations: southern M. oeconomus showed higher activity than northern root voles did. Separate populations which differ morphologically and behaviourally have much to tell us about speciation processes. Behavioural divergence can lead to reproductive isolation and thus create separate gene pools.

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Intersexual attraction in natal dispersing root voles Microtus oeconomus

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Gundersen G., Moe J. A., Andreassen H. P., Carlsen R. G., Gundersen H.

Acta Theriologica

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1999

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tom 44

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nr 3

By an enclosure experiment we tested whether natal dispersing root voles Microtus oeconomus (Pallas, 1776) were prevented from colonising already occupied habitat patches or if they were attracted to habitat patches by potential mates. The treatment consisted of manipulating the presence of animals in immigration patches, either with the presence of a solitary sexually mature male or female, whereas empty patches were used as a control. Immigration patches were separated from a patch used for release of a matriline (mother with her newly weaned titter) by a semipermeable fence allowing only interpatch movements of young animals. We predicted that either a social fence would prevent immigration to treatment patches, or that potential mates would attract dispersing individuals. In particular we expected fewer dispersing males to colonise male occupied patches, and fewer dispersing females to colonise female occupied patches due to intrasexual competition, ie an intrasexual social fence. We found that a higher proportion of females settled in male treatment patches than in female patches, whereas male dispersal was unaffected by treatment. Thus, the observed female immigration pattern appeared to be an attraction to patches occupied by the opposite sex We found no sign that immigration was prevented by a social fence.

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Spatial organization in a small population of the root vole Microtus oeconomus in a linear habitat

100%

Fauske J., Andreassen H. P., Ims R. A.

Acta Theriologica

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1997

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tom 42

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nr 1

We studied demography and spatial organization in a population of root voles Microtus oeconomus (Pallas, 1776) inhabiting a fenced, linear habitat (560 x 1.5 m) during the breeding season, using live trapping and radiotelemetry. There were no establishments of new reproductive individuals. Compared to root voles in non-linear habitats, home ranges were extremely small and no male home ranges overlapped. A short term removal and reintroduction experiment (2 days removal of every second individual on the study area) produced no changes in home range size, indicating that home range borders were not defended by daily contact between neighbours.

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Spatial dynamics of fragmented root vole [Microtus oeconomus] populations: preliminary results

100%

Bergers P. J. M., Van Apeldoorn R. C., Bussink H.

Polish Ecological Studies

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1994

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tom 20

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nr 3-4

10

Visual cues as determinants of perceptual range in root voles Microtus oeconomus

100%

Andreassen H. P., Bjornbom E., Carlsen R. G., Gundersen G., Gundersen H.

Acta Theriologica

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1998

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tom 43

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nr 4

We tested whether the perceptual range of male root voles Microtus oeconomus (Pallas, 1776) could be determined by visual objects in the landscape. This was done by giving single mates the choice between three different sized visual cardboard patches randomly arranged around the perimeter of a circle located in agricultural fields. Effects of distance were tested by varying the diameter of the circle. The root voles were able to orient towards patches, but did not choose patches relative to their size. The ability to orient towards patches decreased with increasing distance between the release point and the patches.

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Niche dynamics and biodiversity: many rodent species on one marshy meadow

84%

Jancewicz E., Gliwicz J.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2017

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tom 65

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nr 4

The ecological niche of a species is determined by its tolerance to environmental factors and by interactions with other species, particularly those using the same resource. We assessed spatial niches of four rodent species coexisting in one meadow habitat within the Białowieża Primeval Forest. Niche characteristics were based on the valorisation of the habitat around live-trapping sites visited by rodents during seven years of the study. The population size of each species was monitored and expressed as an average annual density. The root vole Microtus oeconomus was the most numerous and dominant species, with its density widely fluctuating due to the temporal increases of predation pressure exerted by the weasel Mustela nivalis.During the study period, the spatial niche of the root vole was nearly constant, with only significantly increased tolerance towards shrub covered sites at times of its high population density. However, even a slight niche expansion of the highly abundant root voles displaced accompanying species: the bank vole Myodes (Clethrionomys) glareolus, the yellow necked mouse Apodemus flavicollis and the striped field mouse A. agrarius, from their preferred sites and efficiently decreased rodent species diversity in the studied habitat. This study illustrates a possible mechanism of the direct effect of predation on the dominant prey species population and indirect one on the species diversity changes over ecological time.

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Effect of predator-induced maternal stress during gestation on growth in root voles Microtus oeconomus

84%

Bian J., Wu Y., Liu J.

Acta Theriologica

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2005

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tom 50

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nr 4

473-482

We studied the effect of maternal stress evoked by a severe stressor from the cues of predation risk during gestation on the growth of offspring in root volesMicrotus oeconomus Pallas, 1776. Body mass of both male and female offspring was significantly reduced in the period from birth to weaning. Females showed compensatory growth after weaning, whereas males maintained low body mass at weaning into adulthood. Maternal stress led to an elevated plasma corticosterone level in male offspring, but did not affect that of female offspring. Corticosterone levels remained elevated in males from stressed dams into adulthood. Increased levels of plasma corticosterone may have led to the inhibition of pituitary growth hormone and a chronically abnormal energy mobilization, considering the greater energy and metabolic requirements of male offspring, this may account for the sex-specific differences in compensatory growth. We suggest that in the high stress situation, endocrine-based sex-biased effects of maternal stress as a primary factor can lead to long-term physical and ecological consequences for male offspring.

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Badania telemetryczne drobnych gryzoni na przykładzie nornika północnego [Microtus oeconomus Pallas 1776]

84%

Borowski Z.

Sylwan

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1994

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tom 138

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nr 04

77-84

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Why do some young voles stop growing?

84%

Gliwicz J.

Polish Ecological Studies

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1994

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tom 20

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nr 3-4

15

Fluorescent powder as dye in bait for studying foraging areas in small mammals

84%

Hovland N., Andreassen H. P.

Acta Theriologica

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1995

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tom 40

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nr 3

We examined the characteristics of fluorescent powder as dye in bait for the purpose of studying individual foraging areas of the root vole Microtus oeconomus (Pallas, 1776). Colours were visible in the faeces 2-3 h after consumption, and were still evident 36-48 h after the removal of bait. It was possible to distinguish up to four different colours in faeces from one individual if the appropriate combination of coloured powder was used. The method is a better alternative to other markers commonly used in bait because only a small extra sampling effort is needed during trapping, and the observation of colours is relatively easy in UV-light. Because the persistance of the colour powder in the animal is relatively short, the method facilitates studies of short-term changes in foraging areas.

16

Trypanosoma [Herpetosoma] microti Laveran et Pettit, 1909 in the social vole, Microtus socialis [Pallas, 1771] from Ukraine

84%

Wita I., Karbowiak G., Czaplinska U.

Acta Parasitologica

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2003

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tom 48

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nr 3

This study reports the light and electron microscopic examination of Trypanosoma (Herpetosoma) microti from the social vole (Microtus socialis, Rodentia) from the steppe near Askania Nova, Ukraine. Bloodstream trypomastigotes were identified morphometrically from 100 specimens from blood of 4 infected social voles. Body length ranged from 13.88-27.79 µm, and width from 0.53-2.06 µm, with the free flagellum 5.12-11.69 µm long. The trypanosomes were comparable to Trypanosoma microti from the short-tailed vole, Microtus agrestis, and the root vole, Microtus oeconomus. Cultured epimastigotes exhibited typical ultrastructural features similar to those of stercorarian and salivarian groups.

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Behavioural reaction of root vole [Microtus oeconomus Pallas] males of different social ranks to familiar and novel odour of conspecific males

84%

Sun P., Zhao Y., Zhao X., Wang D.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2007

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tom 55

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nr 3

In this experiment, we tested the hypothesis that males of root voles (Microtus oeconomus Pallas) of different social ranks display different behavioural strategies. To document behavioural differences between social ranks, we investigated patterns in the behavioural responses to urine cues from familiar and novel individuals in a choice maze. Ten pairs of male voles were effectively used in this experiment. All behaviour was recorded with OBSERVER 5.0. When experiment was finished, video tapes were transformed into digital data. Then all data were analyzed by SPSS. The results showed that the approach latency of subordinates was shorter for familiar odours than novel ones, dominant individuals preferentially entered the strange odourant box, subordinates preferred familiar odours over novel ones, subordinates spent more time visiting familiar odours compared to the novel odours, dominants preferred novel odours to familiar ones, subordinates approached familiar odours more frequently than novel ones and self-groomed more often in the familiar odourant box than in the novel box, and dominant and subordinate individuals showed significantly different countermarking behaviours to familiar and novel odours. In conclusion, the dominants and subordinates displayed different behaviour patterns when faced to familiar and novel conspecific males’ urine cues. The data support our hypothesis that differences in social rank induce differences in behavioural patterns.

18

Local warming about 1.3 degree Celsius in alpine meadow has no effect on root vole [Microtus oeconomus L.] population during winter

84%

Sun P., Zhao X., Klein J. A., Wei W.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2005

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tom 53

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nr 1

The influence of air and soil warming on root vole (Microtus oeconomus L.) population was studied in winter period in top open chambers (OTC) (0.8–1.8 m²) warmed by conical fiberglass material and situated in alpine meadow (3250 m) at Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China. The OTCs were distributed on an area of 30 × 30 m of experimental warming site; another site of the same area was a control one. The root vole population was investigated on two pairs of sites in “low-grazing” and “high-grazing” (by sheep) parts of the meadow; mark-recapture method was used. The winter-season averaged air and soil temperature inside of the chambers were 1.3°C higher than the temperature outside the chambers. The warming in the chambers had no statistically significant effect on root vole numbers, on average body mass of individual, and on average body mass of males and females. In conclusion, as small as 1.3°C warming of soil and air introduced locally and on small (several m²) scale, in the alpine meadow habitat in winter period, has possibly no effect on root vole numbers and biomass.

19

Seasonal variations in thermogenesis and energy requirements of plateau pikas Ochotona curzoniae and root voles Microtus oeconomus

84%

Wang D., Wang Z.

Acta Theriologica

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1996

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tom 41

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nr 3

The seasonal patterns of nonshivering thermogeneis (NST), resting metabolic rate (RMR) at 15"C and 25"C in plateau pikas Ochotona curzoniae {Hodgson, 1858) and root voles Microtus oeconomus (Pallas, 1776), from the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau, were determined and thermal conductance was calculated. NST tended to increase during cold season for both species. No significant seasonal variations in NST were found in pikas {mean maximum in winter: 3.46 ± 0.19 ml Oa/g-h; minimum in spring: 3.07 + 0,16 ml Ou/g-h). Voles increased NST significantly as the ambient temperature decreased, from the lowest, mean 8.00 ± 0.42 ml Oa/g-h, in summer to the peak in winter, mean 11.29 i 0.44 ml Os/g* h. RJV1R and thermal conductance were lower in winter than those in summer for both species (mean in summer at 25'C: 4.96 + 0.35 ml 02/g-h and 0.509 ± 0.027 ml Oa/g-h-"C for voles and 2.11 ± 0,09 ml Os/g-h and 0.179 ± 0.003 ml Oa/g-h-'C for pikas, respectivly; mean in winter at 25°C: 4.22 ± 0.26 mlOa/g*h and 0.379 ± 0.012 mlCVg-h-'C for voles and 1.55 ± 0.06 ml Oa/g-h and 0.123 ± 0.003 ml Oa/g-h'"C for pikas, respectively). Voles lost body weights in winter whereas pikas kept their body weights. This suggests that alpine small mammals, which have high levels of metabolism and thermal conductance, mainly depend on increasing thermogenic capacities and insulation, decreasing energy expenditure per individual, augmented by behavoral adjustments to cope with cold temperatres of winter.

20

Live-trapping small mammals under snow: a protocol for maximising captures and minimising mortality

67%

Rychlik L., Churchffig.,ref.ield S., Taylor J. R. E., Kardynia P., Oldakowski L.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2012

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tom 60

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nr 3

Difficulties in investigating shrews in the wild in winter, especially in trapping them and keeping them alive during live-trapping studies, have been the main reason for serious deficiencies in our knowledge of their ecology. We developed a live-trapping protocol which allowed us to maximise capture rates and minimise mortality of shrews. We used wooden box traps with a nest-chamber, which we set in plywood ‘chimneys’ with removable roofs. Chimneys facilitated suitable positioning of traps and protected them from being blocked by snow. This resulted in a high trappability (up to 20.2 shrews and 8.2 voles per 1000 trap hours), a large proportion of recaptures (most shrews were recaptured, often repeatedly) and a very low mortality rate (<0.09 shrews and 0 rodents per 1000 trap hours) despite sub-zero temperatures and deep snow cover. This allowed us to pursue an intensive live-trapping study, using the CMR-method, of shrews wintering in the Narewka river valley (north-east Poland). Because of the high trappability and minimal mortality, the presented protocol can be recommended to study winter ecology and conservation biology of such fragile and strictly protected small mammals as shrews.

Ograniczanie wyników

Application of microsatellite markers developed for arvicoline species in a population genetic study of the root vole Microtus oeconomus

Opposite-sex sibling recognition in adult root vole, Microtus oeconomus Pallas: phenotype matching or association

The transstadial persistence of tick-borne encephalitis virus in Dermacentor reticulatus ticks in natural conditions

Uzębienie nornika północnego, Microtus oeconomus (Pallas, 1776) w izolowanej populacji w Puszczy Noteckiej

Effect of burrowing activity of root vole [Microtus oeconomus Pallas] on plant diversity in alpine meadow

Behavioural variation in two populations of root voles

Intersexual attraction in natal dispersing root voles Microtus oeconomus

Spatial organization in a small population of the root vole Microtus oeconomus in a linear habitat

Spatial dynamics of fragmented root vole [Microtus oeconomus] populations: preliminary results

Visual cues as determinants of perceptual range in root voles Microtus oeconomus

Niche dynamics and biodiversity: many rodent species on one marshy meadow

Effect of predator-induced maternal stress during gestation on growth in root voles Microtus oeconomus

Badania telemetryczne drobnych gryzoni na przykładzie nornika północnego [Microtus oeconomus Pallas 1776]

Why do some young voles stop growing?

Fluorescent powder as dye in bait for studying foraging areas in small mammals

Trypanosoma [Herpetosoma] microti Laveran et Pettit, 1909 in the social vole, Microtus socialis [Pallas, 1771] from Ukraine

Behavioural reaction of root vole [Microtus oeconomus Pallas] males of different social ranks to familiar and novel odour of conspecific males

Local warming about 1.3 degree Celsius in alpine meadow has no effect on root vole [Microtus oeconomus L.] population during winter

Seasonal variations in thermogenesis and energy requirements of plateau pikas Ochotona curzoniae and root voles Microtus oeconomus

Live-trapping small mammals under snow: a protocol for maximising captures and minimising mortality