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The research was conducted on two catenae representing a hilly ground moraine landscape, diversified in terms of size, slope and exploitation, located in the Mazurian Lakeland. Total content of Mn, Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr was determined in the soils of the catenae examined. The increase in the content of the heavy metals determined was found in the direction of the central part of the depression. The research indicated that hydrogenic soils of depressions within moraines were the location for the accumulation of heavy metals in the young glacial landscape. No soils were found to have been polluted with heavy metals. Only cadmium exceeded the threshold of its natural content (1 mg kg-1).
This report presents results of four-year studies of bacterial production and biomass, and selected environmental variables (concentrations of total DOC, microbiologically labile DOC, chlorophylla) in surface pelagic waters of four Mazurian lakes of differing trophic status (oligo/mesotrophic, eutrophic, hypereutrophic, polihumic) during summer stratification periods 1994-97. Bacterial production and biomass were positively proportional to the degree of lake water eutrophication. The rates of production of bacteria and their biomass turnover were primarily dependent on concentrations of microbiologically labile organic substrates in the DOC pool. In lakes with high content of suspended particulate detritus (hypereutrophic and polihumic lakes) attached bacteria significantly predominated in total bacterial production. Importance of the "bottom-up" and "top-down" mechanisms in ecological regulation of bacterial production and biomass in the studied lakes is widely discussed.
In the present note the first cases of Babesia microti infection of Clethrionomys glareolus in the district of Mazury Lakes is described. Contrary to other European countries, the zoonotic reservoir as well as epidemiological role of parasites from the genus Babesia spp. in Poland is entirely unknown.
The distribution, concentrations and origin of urea were studied in surface and profundal waters of meso-eutrophic and highly eutrophic parts of The Great Mazurian Lake System (GMLS) during spring — autumn period. Urea concentrations varied from 0.25 µM in surface layer to 3.36 µM in profundal zone of studied lakes and were in the range of concentrations noted in other non-polluted freshwater habitats. In the photic zone of lakes of GMLS Urea N made up to 10 % the total DON pool and often exceeded 2-3 times of NH₄-N concentrations. Pattern of changes in urea concentrations observed during three-years study excludes external urea input and suggests supplementation of lake waters with this compounds by phytoplankton decomposition processes. Generally, urea concentrations were negatively correlated with the trophic state index calculated from “algal” as well as from “bacterial” determinants. However, more detailed analysis showed that the relationships between production and assimilation of urea by various plankton components as well as the ecological role of this compound in meso- and eutrophic lakes could be different.
This study was conducted in population of wild small mammals in northern Poland, District of Mazury Lake, Urwitałt, near Mikołajki. Samples were collected four times, from autumn 1989 until spring 1991. Twenty percent (66 of 330) of the examined mammals were positive for Cryptosporidium, i.e., 55 of 275 Clethrionomys glareolus, 6 of 39 Apodemus flavicollis, 5 of 16 Sorex araneus were naturally infected with Cryptosporidium. There was no infection of Cryptosporidium assessed in A. agrarius and S. minutus. Our histological data clearly indicate that the population of C. glareolus was infected with C. parvum. This population of rodents appears to have maintained an infection throughout two years. These findings indicate that C. glareolus and possibly other rodents have potential to act as a reservoir for C. parvum, a pathogen of man and ruminants.
The abundance of birds and their tick parasites were estimated in a residential avian community located in the Mazurian Lake region (NE Poland). A total of 1624 passerine birds (representing 45 species) were captured, of which 25% were infested with at least one tick. All the ticks belonged to the species Ixodes ricinus. The highest tick infestation prevalence (>50%) were recorded for dunnock (Prunella modularis), tree pipit (Anthus trivialis), hawfinch (Coccothraustes coccothraustes) and blackbird (Turdus merula). Changes in tick infestation prevalence of passerine birds are seasonal. June and September were the two months in which tick infestation rates were the highest. The percentage of birds that were tick carriers was significantly greater in mixed coniferous forest than in alder swamp forest (respectively 32% and 20% of birds were infested with ticks).
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