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The cold intermediate water (CIW, T<8◦C) entering the Strait of Istanbul and its variation along the strait have been studied by using monthly conductivitytemperature- depth (CTD) data sets collected during the period from 1996 to 2000. In the northern exit of the strait, CIW is located between the seasonal thermocline and Mediterranean water originating from the lower layer of the Sea of Marmara. The thickness of CIW decreases from April to October. In the Strait of Istanbul, CIW is observed as a layer of temperature <14◦C. The thickness of this modified cold intermediate water flowing southwards with the upper layer decreases, while its temperature increases along the strait due to mixing with adjacent water. In the southern exit of the strait, the modified cold intermediate water is observed during the period from May to October. If CIW exists in the Black Sea exit region of the strait, modified cold water is found in the Marmara exit region during the same period. The distribution of CIW in the Strait of Istanbul contributes to our understanding of the dynamics of the strait, especially in the summer months.
In this study, 12 taxa from the Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta and Rhodophyta were collected from different depths at Gemlik-Karacaali and Erdek-Ormanlı. A total of 175 specimens from these divisions were used to determine Total Protein (TP), Total Soluble Carbohydrate (TSCH) and Chlorophyll a (Chl a), Chlorophyll b (Chl b), Chlorophyll c (Chl c), total carotenoid (Car) contents and Chl b/Chl a, Chl c/Chl a, Car/Chl a, Car/Chl b, Car/Chl c ratios. TP, TSCH and pigment contents varied significantly with respect to the algal taxa, stations and depth distribution. In addition, individual differences were important in all of the measured parameters. The maximum TP contents (0.94%–31.03%) were determined in some of the Rhodophyta. In some green seaweeds belonging to the genus Ulva L., the TP content was determined between 2.9%–28.1%. Lower TP contents were determined in Cystoseira barbata (Good) C. Agardh (1.1%–4.3%). In contrast to TP contents, TSCH values were very low; maximum TSCH were determined in Ulva species, as were protein contents. In conclusion, the variations in TP, TSCH and pigment in 12 taxa of macroalgae were analysed according to station, depth, and environment.
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