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Modern technologies and accurate information on genetic diversity and structure are contributing to improve the plant breeding, in particular for all the minor species with a lack of data. Genetic diversity of 139 different Ficus carica L. genotypes collected from Italy and Croatia, and divided into two subgroups: uniferous (only main crop) and biferous (breba and main crop), was investigated using 49 microsatellite markers. A total of 70 alleles were generated, of which 64 (91.4%) showed a polymorphic pattern indicating high level of genetic diversity within the studied collection. The mean heterozygosity over the 64 single locus microsatellites was 0.33 and the expected and observed averaged variance were 16.50 and 184.08, respectively. The 139 fig genotypes formed two clusters in the PCoA analysis, suggesting a division between Italian and Croatian genotypes. Moreover, the fig accessions could be divided into two main clusters based on the STRUCTURE analysis according to the biological type, uniferous or biferous, with partly overlapping varieties. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that molecular markers were able to discriminate among genotypes and useful for the authentication of fig tree varieties (homonymies and synonymies).
In order to enhance the contribution of fig to the national economy and to raise farmers’ income level, it is necessary to encourage further cultivation of fig and direct farmers to fig production instead of alternative products. Most of the areas suitable for chestnut production are forestlands. There are orchards arranged with oak and chestnut trees with oak being predominant. Chestnut population in these areas should be increased. Cultivation area of this product that has many fields of use needs to be extended. Directing farmers to products that are storable in medium term with a broad market and high income is important both for the national economy and the farmers. The purpose of the present study is to remind producers the significance of two important products: fig and chestnut in the Kosk district of the Aydin province, Turkey, and to determine the areas suitable for growing these products within the study area. For this purpose the questioning and analysis features of GIS was employed. In this study, rainfall, temperature, soil texture, slope, elevation, wind direction, were taken into account to identify appropriate fields. As a result, approximately area of 13886 hectare of fig production and 3430.7 hectare of chestnut production were found as suitable area.
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Figowce użyteczne i dekoracyjne

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The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of different package types and ozone treatments on post-harvest quality of figs. Three different package types (classical-type, modified atmosphere –MAP, consumer-type) and different ozone treatments (0, 5, 10 and 15 minutes) were used in experiments. Purple figs grown in Tekkeköy town of Samsun province were used as the experimental material of the study. Fruits harvested at optimum harvest period were subjected to pre-cooling for a day and then stored in a cold storage at 4°C temperature and 85–90% relative humidity. At the beginning of cold storage and each week of storage, fruits removed from the storage were subjected to weight loss, water soluble dry matter content, titratable acidity, wrinkle, leakage, mold spots, peeling and degustation analyses. Current findings revealed that MAP and 10 or 15-minute ozone treatments had positive impacts on weight loss prevention in figs. While there were not significant differences in other characteristics of treatments, 10 and 15-minute ozone treatments retarded mold spots and leakage in consumer and modified packages.
Acidification and buffer capacity of bark in five deciduous Mediterranean plants were analyzed. The material originated from six stands with different levels of hovered dust, chiefly cement particles; its pH values were in general higher as compared with some other areas in Europe and Croatia. Quantitative data indicate a tendency of acidity to decrease in stands polluted with more than 200 µg/cm3 of hovered dust. Buffer capacities as a rule were higher against alkali and in particular species were ranging contrary to the range of ph values. The results are interpreted in favour of alkaline atmosphere influence.
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