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1

Carotenoid content in Anguilla anguilla [L.] individuals undertaking spawning migration

100%

Czeczuga B., Czeczuga-Semeniuk E.

Folia Biologica

|

2000

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tom 48

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nr 1-2

2

Light spectrum preference in the European eel Anguilla anguilla [L.]

100%

Kulinski W., Styczynska-Jurewicz E.

Archives of Polish Fisheries

|

2002

|

tom 10

|

nr 2

This paper reports the results of a supplementary study to research conducted previously on the stimulating effect of defined spectral ranges of light on the growth rate of the European eel Anguilla anguilla L. The aim was to study the eel's potential selectivity and behavioral preference for defined light band wavelengths which are recognized as optimal colors. Eel specimens from a wild population were acclimatized in a laboratory for six months under natural daylight conditions. Five randomly selected specimens were then held in an aquarium divided into four compartments. Each compartment was irradiated for 7 h daily with tungsten bulb light that was transmitted through a glass filter of a specific transmission band (white, red, violet and green). The fish could enter any of the compartments and stay in them at will. The intensity of irradiance measured at the central point of each compartment was maintained at a standard level. During the 105-day experiment, 61 records of fish distribution in the particular compartments were obtained. Individual preferences for definite colors were estimated statistically. The eels gathered twice as frequently in the compartments irradiated with violet and green light than in those irradiated with white or red. The tendency for them to congregate in groups was also significantly higher in violet and green light than in white or red (P < 0.001). The lighting preferences are considered to be optimal for the biology of this species.

3

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Helminth communities of European eels Anguilla anguilla [Linnaeus, 1758] from the Vistula Lagoon and Puck Bay, Poland

100%

Bystydzienska Z., Rolbiecki L., Rokicki J.

Wiadomości Parazytologiczne

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2005

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tom 51

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nr 2

Within 2001-2002 a total of 621 eel Anguilla anguilla (L., 1758) (488 from the Vistula Lagoon and 133 from the Puck Bay) were examined. Fifteen parasite taxa were recovered: Pseudodactylogyrus anguillae (Yin et Sproston, 1948), Brachyphallus crenatus (Rudolphi, 1802), Deropristis inflata (Molin, 1859), Diplostomum spp., Bothriocephalus claviceps (Goeze, 1782), Proteocephalus macrocephalus (Creplin, 1825), Anguillicola crassus (Kuwahara, Niimi et Itagaki, 1974), Camallanus lacustris (Zoega, 1776), Cystidicola farionis Fischer, 1798, Hysterothylacium aduncum (Rudolphi, 1802), Raphidascaris acus (Bloch, 1779), Acanthocephalus anguillae (Müller, 1780), A. lucii (Müller, 1776), Echinorhynchus gadi Müller, 1776, and Pomphorhynchus laevis (Müller, 1776), representing Monogenea, Digenea, Cestoda, Nematoda, and Acanthocephala, respectively. Ten of these taxa occurred in the Vistula Lagoon, while fourteen were noted in the, Puck Bay. P. anguillae, Diplostomum spp., C. lacustris, C. farionis and P. laevis were not found in the lagoon eels, while B. crenatus did not occur in the bay. Anguillicola crassus was the most frequently found parasite (Vistula Lagoon: prevalence 75%, mean intensity 6.9 specimens; Puck Bay: 74.4%, and 8.3 specimens, respectively). Pseudodactylogyrus anguillae was recorded for the first time in the Puck Bay.

4

Anguillicola crassus, Asiatic nematoid imperil European eel [Anguilla anguilla L.]

100%

Rzad I.

Wiadomości Parazytologiczne

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1998

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tom 44

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nr 3

5

Occurrence of the Asiatic nematode Anguillicola crassus in European eel from the Lebsko Lagoon [central coast, Poland]

84%

Morozinska-Gogol J.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2005

|

tom 34

|

nr Suppl.1

6

Parasites of Anguilla anguilla [L.] from three coastal lagoons of the River Ebro delta [Western Mediterranean]

84%

Maillo P. A., Vich M. A., Salvado H., Marques A., Gracia M. P.

Acta Parasitologica

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2005

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tom 50

|

nr 2

Data are presented on the parasite fauna of the European eel, Anguilla anguilla (L.) in three coastal lagoons of the Ebro delta (NE Spain). Ten parasite species were found, four protozoans: Eimeria anguillae, Trichodinapediculus, Myxidium giardi and Myxobolus sp.; five helminths: Pseudodactylogyrus anguillae, Deropristis inflata, Bothriocephalus claviceps, Proteocephalus macrocephalus, Anguillicola crassus and one crustacean: Ergasilus gibbus. The highest prevalences were reported for P. anguillae 84.6%, M. giardi 44.4% and A. crassus 30.8%. Helminth communities were dominated by monogenean P. anguillae. These communities were compared with those from other European coastal lagoons.

7

Sex structure, recruitment rate, and size of maturing specimens of European eel (Anguilla anguilla (L.)) in a population from lakes in northeastern Poland

67%

Robak S.

Archives of Polish Fisheries

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2005

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tom 13

|

nr 2

Studies of the sex structure and recruitment rates of silver eels from a population occurring in natural conditions in a large lake complex were conducted in the 1985-1990 period based on a sample of 6998 specimens. The fish were caught in 60 connected lakes with a combined surface area of 300 km2 using box traps, cross traps, stownets on stakes and electric fishing. It was determined that the share of males in the eel population occurring in the lakes was barely 1.03%, and in the group of fish with body lengths (Lt) of up to 46.0 cm it was 3.17%. Silver and yellow eels were noted among both males and females. The share of silver eels increased from 0 to 100% in the body length categories from 39.0 to 46.0 cm among males and from 47.5 to 95.0 cm among females. In both instances, the dependence of the share of silver eels on the total length of the body was described with linear regression with a high correlation coefficient and high regression significance (P < 0.05). The studies indicated that in the lakes of northeastern Poland, which are located within a large complex that is permanently connected, the share of males is small and the recruitment of silver eels from this group occurs within a narrower and lower size range than it does in females.

8

The effectiveness of glass eel stocking in the Vistula Lagoon, Poland

67%

Psuty I., Draganik B.

Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria

|

2008

|

tom 38

|

nr 2

103-111

Background. Eel recruitment and catches have decreased drastically throughout Europe since the beginning of the 1960s (recruitment) and the 1980s (catches). Until the end of the 1990s, European eel, Anguilla anguilla, the highest priced fish, was the basis of the fishery in the Polish part of the Vistula Lagoon. The lagoon was stocked with glass eel from 1970 to 1994 with the aim of enhancing the stock of this species. Due to political and economical changes after 1989, national stocking funds were stopped. The aim of the presently reported study was to estimate the effectiveness of stocking glass eel in the Vistula Lagoon, with regard to the limited reliability of official landings data. Materials and Methods. Eel catches in the Polish part of the Vistula Lagoon were reconstructed from landings statistics. Corrections of Polish landings were only based on grey literature request; political and socio-economical changes were explained in personal reviews with fishermen and fishery inspectors. The effectiveness of the stocking was estimated with the simplified method of calculating the accumulated biomass of fish from stocking with the assumed, constant coefficients F and M (fishery and natural mortality, respectively). The sensitivity analysis of F and M was estimated using the input of different parameters. Results. Changes in human history resulted in different biases in official landings statistics. The change in fishermen cooperative organisation and the martial law in Poland, during the period of 1981–1984, resulted in significant changes of the eel official landings. The reconstructed catches in this period (1980–1985) do not exceed 30% of the total exploitable biomass of the reserve for silver eel escapement, even under intensive exploitation. With assumed M and F, the exploitable stock biomass increased sharply to the peak value during the 10 years of stocking. Uncertainty concerning M for the first year of stocked eel results in a difference in the estimated biomass as high as 700 t. Conclusion. Under great uncertainties and lack of “hard data”, social science methodologies could help to estimate basic parameters for assessment models. Glass eel stocking at the Vistula Lagoon was effective both for the enhancement of the eel population and maintenance of an intensive eel fishery.

9

The in vitro effect of bovine lactoferrin on the activity of organ leukocytes in rainbow trout [Oncorhynchus mykiss], European eel [Anguilla anguilla] and wels catfish [Silurus glanis]

67%

Malaczewska J., Wojcik M., Wojcik R., Siwicki A. K.

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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2010

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tom 13

|

nr 1

83-88

Lactoferrin (LF) is a glycoprotein found in milk, neutrophil granules, secretions and selected organs of mammals. Lactoferrin exhibits antibacterial, antiviral, fungicidal, immunoregulatory and other functions. Although fish are devoid of this protein and its cell receptors, LF effect on the immune mechanisms of fish has been demonstrated. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of bovine lactoferrin, applied in vitro, on the activity of head kidney and spleen leukocytes in three freshwater fish species: rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), European eel (Anguilla anguilla) and weis catfish (Silurus glanis). The obtained results validate LF beneficial effect on the respiratory burst of phagocytes in rainbow trout and weis catfish despite the fact that the potential killing activity against Aeromonas hydrophila was not stimulated in any of the studied species. Bovine lactoferrin enhanced the proliferation of T-lymphocytes in rainbow trout and European eel, as well as of B-lymphocytes in rainbow trout.

10

Anguillicola crassus - an alien nematode species from the swim bladders of eel [Anguilla anguilla] in the Polish zone of the Southern Baltic and in the waters of Northern Poland

67%

Rolbiecki L., Rokicki J.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

|

2005

|

tom 34

|

nr Suppl.1

11

Nematodes of the intestine and swim bladder of the European eel Anguilla anguilla [L.] ascending Pomeranian rivers

67%

Pilecka-Rapacz M., Sobecka E.

Wiadomości Parazytologiczne

|

2004

|

tom 50

|

nr 1

The study focused on the eel (length and weight averaging 23.1 cm and 13.7 g, respectively) ascending Pomeranian rivers in summers of 1999-2003. The swim bladder was examined in 322 individuals, the intestine being examined in 272 fish. Anguillicola crassus was present in the swim bladder of 184 fish. Infection prevalence varied between the rivers, the highest prevalence being recorded in the eel caught in the Radew (65.6%) and the lowest in the Wieprza (41.7%). The intensity of infection was generally low, the mean values varying from 2. l in the Rega to 1.3 in the Wieprza. The coefficient of infection was low (0,11 to 0,12). Spinitectus-inermis was present, with low intensity, in the intestine of 18 fish (6.6%). The nematode had not been recorded in the eel in Poland for 70 years. In addition, the intestine of the eel under study was found to house Raphidascaris acus and Paraquimperia tennerima, each present as a single larva. This is the first record of the latter in Poland. The infection of eel from the Radew river that stayed in the fresh water for a longer time was higher than that of the eel found in the Rega and Wieprza.

12

Interaction between the severity of the infection by the nematode Anguillicola crassus and the tolerance to hypoxia in the European eel Anguilla anguilla

67%

Lefebvre F., Contournet P., Crivelli A. J.

Acta Parasitologica

|

2007

|

tom 52

|

nr 2

An experiment was conducted to test the effect of the infection by the swimbladder nematode Anguillicola crassus on the survival of the European eel Anguilla anguilla when exposed to hypoxic conditions. Forty-four wild caught and naturally infected eels were placed in an aquarium filled with water from the fishing site (Vaccarès Lagoon, French Mediterranean coast). In this confined environment (271), under decreasing oxygen resources, the first eel death occurred after 45 h (O2 = 0.98 mg l−1) and the last one after 96 h (O2 = 0.48 mg l−1). After dissection and parasite examination, analyses revealed significant negative correlations between the time to death and various parameters of parasite pressure (e.g., number of lumen worms, parasite mass, health state of the infected organ). It was shown that the severity of damage to the swimbladder rather than the count of living parasites was the major contributing factor in explaining the variation in time to death. These semi-experimental data demonstrating an increased eel mortality rate under severe oxygen stress are discussed for their relevance under field conditions, especially during hot summer months.

13

Pseudodactylogyrus anguillae [Yin et Sproston, 1948] Gussev, 1965 and P. bini [Kikuchi, 1929] Gussev, 1965 [Monogenea: Pseudodactylogyridae] on gills of European eel, Anguilla anguilla [Linnaeus, 1758] ascending rivers of the Pomeranian Coast, Poland

67%

Sobecka E., Pilecka-Rapacz M.

Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria

|

2003

|

tom 33

|

nr 2

Background. Monogenean parasites Pseudodactylogyrus anguillae and P.bini were for the first time recorded on eel in 1995. The aim of the present study was to determine their distribution in Poland and to verify their measurements against literature data. Materials and Methods. A total of 201 young eels ascending rivers of Polish Western Pomerania, emptying to the Baltic Sea, were collected and necropsied using commonly used methods. Results. Altogether, 574 monogeneans were found on the gills of the eels studied, of which P. anguillae constituted 82%. Measurements of hard elements of the two species of parasites were similar to those already described from Poland. Conclusion. The present paper constitutes a new record of Pseudodactylogyrus anguillae and P. bini, supported by measurements.

14

Parasite fauna of the European eel [Anguilla anguilla L.,1758] from the Russian part of the Vistula Lagoon [Baltic Sea]

59%

Rodjuk G., Shelenkova O.

Wiadomości Parazytologiczne

|

2006

|

tom 52

|

nr 2

Introduction. The european eel is one of the major fishing objects of the Russian fishery zone of the Vistula Lagoon (Baltic Sea). This is the reason that its parasite fauna was studied within 1998-2005. Material and methods. Totally 142 individuals of 35-81 cm in length were examined. The parasites collected from various organs were fixed and processed according to commonly accepted methods. Results. Twenty two parasite species representing the following higher taxa: Coccidia (2), Oligohymenophorea (2), Myxosporea (5), Monogenea (1), Cestoda (2), Trematoda (2), Nematoda (4), Acanthocephala (2), and Crustacea (2) were recovered. The following main features of the eel parasitofauna were determined: high specificity, predominance of the parasites with simple life cycle, the presence of three invader species (Anguillicola crassus, Pseudodactylogyrus anguillae, and Paratenuisentis ambiguus). The latter species was found in the Vistula Lagoon for the first time

15

Pseudodactylogyrosis in Anguilla anguilla (Actinopterygii: Anguilliformes: Anguillidae): change of control strategies due to occurrence of anthelmintic resistance

51%

Buchmann K., Kania P. W., Neumann L., De'Besi G.

Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria

|

2011

|

tom 41

|

nr 2

Background. The European eel, Anguilla anguilla (L.), is considered an endangered species and a series of protective measures have been implemented within the European community in order to enhance natural stocks. Restocking natural habitats with larger eels reared from the glass-eel stage in recirculated farming systems may be one solution. Gill diseases caused by monogenean parasites of the genus Pseudodactylogyrus are currently causing morbidity and mortality in these farms and previously applied standard treatments have recently failed. Therefore the applied control methods should be verified and novel solutions proposed. Materials and methods. Eels infected by Pseudodactylogyrus anguillae were obtained from a typical recirculated eel-culture system which had been treated regularly but recently unsuccessfully with benzimidazole anthelmintics. In the laboratory infected eels were subjected to bath treatments with flubendazole (5 or 10 mg · L–1) or praziquantel (5 or 10 mg · L–1) for 24 h at 25ºC and parasite infections were recorded three days post-treatment. Results. Gill monogeneans, Pseudodactylogyrus anguillae, were not controlled by the anthelmintic flubendazole at any of the dosages tested whereas praziquantel showed a significant effect when used as bath (5 and 10 mg · L–1). Conclusion. The failure of flubendazole for control of pseudodactylogyrosis may result from selection of anthelmintic resistant parasite strains due to use of benzimidazoles for decades. Future treatment regimes during acute outbreaks may be based on praziquantel. A risk for future continued selection for anthelmintic resistance exists and supplementary non-chemical methods (mechanical and biological) in rearing of European eel should be emphasized in the future management practice of eel.

Ograniczanie wyników

Carotenoid content in Anguilla anguilla [L.] individuals undertaking spawning migration

Light spectrum preference in the European eel Anguilla anguilla [L.]

Helminth communities of European eels Anguilla anguilla [Linnaeus, 1758] from the Vistula Lagoon and Puck Bay, Poland

Anguillicola crassus, Asiatic nematoid imperil European eel [Anguilla anguilla L.]

Occurrence of the Asiatic nematode Anguillicola crassus in European eel from the Lebsko Lagoon [central coast, Poland]

Parasites of Anguilla anguilla [L.] from three coastal lagoons of the River Ebro delta [Western Mediterranean]

Sex structure, recruitment rate, and size of maturing specimens of European eel (Anguilla anguilla (L.)) in a population from lakes in northeastern Poland

The effectiveness of glass eel stocking in the Vistula Lagoon, Poland

The in vitro effect of bovine lactoferrin on the activity of organ leukocytes in rainbow trout [Oncorhynchus mykiss], European eel [Anguilla anguilla] and wels catfish [Silurus glanis]

Anguillicola crassus - an alien nematode species from the swim bladders of eel [Anguilla anguilla] in the Polish zone of the Southern Baltic and in the waters of Northern Poland

Nematodes of the intestine and swim bladder of the European eel Anguilla anguilla [L.] ascending Pomeranian rivers

Interaction between the severity of the infection by the nematode Anguillicola crassus and the tolerance to hypoxia in the European eel Anguilla anguilla

Pseudodactylogyrus anguillae [Yin et Sproston, 1948] Gussev, 1965 and P. bini [Kikuchi, 1929] Gussev, 1965 [Monogenea: Pseudodactylogyridae] on gills of European eel, Anguilla anguilla [Linnaeus, 1758] ascending rivers of the Pomeranian Coast, Poland

Parasite fauna of the European eel [Anguilla anguilla L.,1758] from the Russian part of the Vistula Lagoon [Baltic Sea]

Pseudodactylogyrosis in Anguilla anguilla (Actinopterygii: Anguilliformes: Anguillidae): change of control strategies due to occurrence of anthelmintic resistance