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Characteristics of hair coat in European bison

100%

Sztych D., Olech W.

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Animal Science

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2016

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tom 55[2]

Characteristics of hair coat in European bison. The subject matter of the study was to analyse chosen characteristics of hair coat of 40 E. bison (living in the Białowieża and Borecka forests), representing two age groups. Hair samples were collected in winter from the middle part of the animals’ abdomen. They were used to determine the share of the hair fraction, the thickness within a fraction, the features of hair surface and its diameter. Hair fractions (down and medullated) were distinguished on the basis of differences in the hair length. The share of a fraction was determined according to the quantity of fibres within a fraction. The thickness of the fibre was measured by microprojection. Anatomical structure of hair was analysed on the basis of images from a scanning electron microscope. The studied hair coat showed predominance of the down fraction, i.e. thin, woolly, non-medullated hair. Its average share was higher in young E. bison(P≤0.05) where it amounted to 73.41%, whereas in older animals it represented 65.50%. Higher share of down fraction in the fur of young animals was correlated with smaller hair diameter – both in down fraction and in the whole hair coat – namely 26.67 µm and 32.78 µm, respectively. Fibre diameter in the fur of mature animals was larger – 50.12 µm on average – i.e. 39.19 µm in the down fraction which proved perfectly even in terms of hair thickness and 91.71 µm in the medullated fraction. Animals representing the two age groups showed differences in the thickness of down fraction, medullated fraction as well as hair coat in general (P≤0.01). Discrepancies of hair thickness in young animals are worth noting. The presence of the core was observed in the long and thick guard hair (in 41.38% of it). The fibres featured predominantly continuous medulla (64.2 %). Differences between down and guard hair were observed also in the structure of cuticle.

2

The level of knowledge and attitude to European bison from a local perspective – a preliminary study in north-eastern Poland

100%

Klich D., Olech W., Zygowska M.

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Animal Science

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2019

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tom 58[1]

3

The occurrence of parasitic arthropods in two groups of European bison in the Bialowieza Primeval Forest

100%

Izdebska J. N.

Wiadomości Parazytologiczne

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2001

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tom 47

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nr 4

Within 1992-2000. a total of 181 Białowieża Forest bison were examined from two winter herds. Twelf parasitic arthropod species were observed, a high infestation being typical of Demodex bisonianus, Chorioptes bovis, Ixodes ricinlls, Dermacentor reticulatus, and Bisonicola sedecimdecembrii. The infestation in section 422 herd being higher for B. sedecimdecembrii, I. ricinus, D, reticulatus, Ch. Bovis, D. bisonianus was slightly more prevalent in the section 391 herd, the intensity being, however, lower than that in the other herd. Among the remaining arthropods found in the Białowieża Forest European bison, some Lipoptena cervi occurred in both herds. Demodex sp. and Sarcoptes scabiei were recorded only in the section 422 herd, Ixodes persulcatus was present only in the section 391 bison and those kept in the reservation, while D. bovis, Psoroptes ovis. and Melophagus ovinus were found in the reserve bison only. In the present study, the largest differences in the extent of infestation involved the hair-dwelling arthropods (B. sedecimdecembrii, I. ricinus).

4

Immunolocalization of PTHrP in the European bison and pine vole testis and epididymis

100%

Czykier E., Zabel M., Surdyk-Zasada J.

Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica

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2001

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tom 39

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nr 2

5

Some regulatory properties of the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex from European bison heart

100%

Markiewicz J., Strumilo S. A.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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1995

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tom 42

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nr 3

Basic regulatory properties of the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (OGDC) isolated and purified from the heart muscle of European bison (Bison bonasus) were studied. Kinetic studies have shown that in the absence of phosphate ions OGDC exhibits kinetic attributes of negative cooperativity with respect to 2-oxoglutarate. ADP and phosphate lower So.5 value of OGDC for 2-oxoglutarate without changing the maximum reaction rate. NADH inhibits OGDC versus both 2-oxoglutarate and NAD+. Moreover, bison heart OGDC shows negative kinetic cooperativity for NAD+ and positive kinetic cooperativity for CoA at low CoA concentrations. The latter property has not been observed in earlier studies on OGDC from bovine and pig heart and other tissues of these animals.

6

Immunocytochemical localization of S-100 protein in the European bison testis and epididymis

100%

Czykier E., Sawicki B., Zabel M.

Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica

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1999

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tom 37

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nr 2

7

Mother-calf relationships and maternal investment in European bison Bison bonasus

100%

Daleszczyk K.

Acta Theriologica

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2004

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tom 49

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nr 4

Mother-young relationships, up to the third month of the calves’ life, were investigated in European bisonBison bonasus (Linnaeus, 1758) from Białowieża National Park breeding centres (Poland). During the first week, calves spent most of their time close to their mothers and were rarely seen in the vicinity of other group members. Highest suckling rate, most frequent vocal contact and agonistic behaviour of mothers towards intruders, were other characteristics of this period. Although being a forest species, European bison exhibit a following type of strategy for offspring protection, typical for ungulates living in open areas; no hiding phase was observed. Suckling rates were similar in calves of both sexes, however, the pattern of nursing was different: male calves suckled longer, but in rarer bouts than female calves. The mothers’ condition, reflected by their social rank, did not influence the suckling rate. No sex differences were recorded in other maternal activities or mother-calf distance. The presumption of a lack of sex-biased maternal investment in European bison is confirmed by the results of other research.

8

Morphology of oviducts of European lowland bison bison Bonasus bonasus (L.1758)

86%

Olbrych K., Max A., Szara T., Bartyzel B. J.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Veterinary Medicine

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2014

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tom 17

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nr 2

9

Content of sodium and potassium in tissues and organs of free-ranging European bisons

86%

Kosla T., Skibniewski M., Skibniewska E.

Journal of Elementology

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2015

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tom 20

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nr 2

The study aimed at assessing the sodium and potassium content in chosen tissues and organs of free-ranging European bisons in Białowieża Primeval Forest depending on the gender and age of animals. In order to determine the content of elements in parenchymal tissues, ribs and hair, the ICP-OES method was used. In the hooves, sodium and potassium were determined with the help of ICP-MS. The sodium content in organs and skin appendages varied from 0.30 in hair to 4.77 mg g-1 in ribs. In the analysis of the age effect, some significant differences were observed between the investigated groups in the sodium content of the hoof wall, namely, a higher mean value was noted in young individuals. The potassium content in the examined samples was within the range of 0.96 in the hoof wall to 3.63 mg g-1 in kidneys. Significant age dependent differences were noted only in the ribs. Sodium and potassium concentrations in the hoof wall were correlated in a highly significant way. Similar dependences also appeared between the content of sodium and potassium in kidneys and liver and kidneys and muscles. On the basis of the results it can be concluded that the status of sodium and potassium supply in the European bison from Białowieża Forest is adequate.

10

Levels of macroelements in selected tissues and in the hair coat of the European bison, depending on the age of animals

86%

Debska M., Dymnicka M., Olech W., Arkuszewska E.

Polish Journal of Natural Sciences. Supplement

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2006

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tom 03

601-606

11

Detection of antibodies to Neospora caninum in the blood of European bison (Bison bonasus bonasus L.)

86%

Cabaj W., Moskwa B., Pastusiak K., Bien J.

Wiadomości Parazytologiczne. Suplement

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2005

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tom 51

12

Seasonal changes in the white blood cell count and blood cell sedimentation rate in the European bison Bison bonasus

86%

Gill J.

Acta Theriologica

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1992

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tom 37

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nr 3

13

Postnatal development of the European bison spermatogenesis

86%

Czykier E., Sawicki B., Krasinska M.

Acta Theriologica

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1999

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tom 44

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nr 1

The testes and epididymes of the European bison Bison bonasus (Linnaeus, 1758) were collected from culled animals living in free-ranging populations in Białowieża Forest, Borecka Forest and Bieszczady Mountains, and in captivity (103 males, 4 months to 17 years old). We found that all bulls were sexually mature at the age of 4 years, and some even at the age of 3 years. Animals which started mature spermatozoa production were treated as sexually mature. We observed the inhibition of spermatogenesis efficiency and involutionary changes in epididymal epithelium after 12 years of age. Therefore, in the postnatal development of spermatogenesis three phases were distinguished: I - development of spermatogenesis (4th month - 4th year of age), II - mature spermatogenesis (4th - 12th year), III - inhibition of spermatogenesis efficiency (over 12th year of age).

14

Seroprevalence of selected viral and bacterial pathogens in free-ranging European bison from the Bialowieza Primeval Forest, [Poland]

86%

Salwa A., Anusz K., Arent Z., Paprocka G., Kita J.

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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2007

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tom 10

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nr 1

Blood was collected from bison that were selected between 1991 and 2001 for poor body condition, cachexia, lameness and balanoposthitis. Sera were tested for antibodies to bovine herpes virus type 1 (BHV-1), bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), parainfluenza virus type 3 (PI-3), Brucella abortus, Chlamydophila abortus, Coxiella burnetii, and Leptospira interrogans. The results of serological tests showed a prevalence of low titers of a serological reaction to Chlamydophila abortus (45.1%), bovine viral diarrhoea virus (29.5%), Leptospira interrogans (21.3%) and parainfluenza virus type 3 (13.9%). There were differences in the prevalence of antibodies to Ch. abortus between female and male bison. Futhermore, a relationship between age and antibodies to BVDV was observed in older bison. These results suggest that there is some transmission of bacterial and viral pathogens occurring between domestic and wild ruminants grazing in the same pastures in the peripherial areas of Białowieża Primeval Forest.

15

Microscopic structure of the thyroid gland in the European bison

86%

Sawicki B., Siuda S., Kasacka I.

Acta Theriologica

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1992

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tom 37

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nr 1-2

The thyroids of 85 European bison, Bison bonasus (Linnaeus, 1758) collected from the selectively shot animals (43 males and 42 females) in the years 1982 - 1984 in the Białowieża and Borecka Forests, were examined. The animals were shot in winter at low temperatures: (Dec., and Jan. - March) as well as summer (June - Sept.). Their age ranged from 1 month to 25 years. The thyroid of calves shoved small differentiation in histological structure. Size of the follicles as well variability of their shape increases significantly in older animals, and large follicles are present in relatively great number in the very old bison. Characteristic histological signs of higher activity of the thyroid can be noticed in warm summer months as compared with low temperature winter months.

16

The genetic variability of European bison [Bison bonasus L.] measured by pedigree information

86%

Olech W.

Seria Biologiczna. Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu

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2005

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tom 72

17

Cases of spermiogenesis in young European bison

86%

Czykier E., Krasinska M.

Acta Theriologica

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2004

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tom 49

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nr 4

Development of spermiogenesis and sizes of seminiferous tubules of the testes and epididymal duct were studied in 45 young European bisonBison bonasus (Linnaeus, 1758) males from an enclosed breeding centre and a free-ranging population in the Białowieża Forest. Of 13 males in age class II (up to two years), four showed the presence of elongated late spermatids: one male aged 15 months from the enclosed breeding centre and three from the free-ranging population (2 males aged 18 months and one about 24 months old). Of 7 males from age class III (up to 3 years), four showed spermiogenesis, of which the youngest, 26 and 32 months old, were from enclosed breeding. Spermiogenesis was observed in males with high body weight in a given age class. In males of age class I (up to one year old), the mean diameter of the seminiferous tubules was 49.8 μm, in class II — 110.7 μm, and in class III — 162 μm, the mean diameter of the epididymal duct being 110.8 μm, 187.2 μm and 273.4 μm, respectively. Measurements of seminiferous tubules and epididymal duct were significantly correlated with age and body weight of males and differed significantly between the three age classes.

18

The restitution of the European bison in the Bieszczady Mts. as a component of re-naturalisation of mountain ecosystems

86%

Perzanowski K. A.

Roczniki Bieszczadzkie

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2003

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tom 09

19

Phylogeny and genetic variation of the European bison Bison bonasus based on mitochondrial DNA D-loop sequences

86%

Burzynska B., Olech W., Topczewski J.

Acta Theriologica

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1999

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tom 44

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nr 3

Genomic DNA from 14 representative animals of 3 maternal lines of Bison bonasus (Linnaeus, 1758) was used for amplification of a 1026-bp fragment of mtDNA D-loop. Analysis of this mitochondria! control region demonstrated only four variable sites in the studied B. bonasus population. Nucleotide substitutions in the fragment studied were very unstable, suggesting that intralineage sequence variation can occur in B. bonasus. To estimate phylogenetic relationships within the Bouinae subfamily mtDNA control region was analysed. The phylogenetic analysis separated two species of Bison, and placed Bison bison most closely to Bos grunniens. The rate sequence divergence of the hypervariable region of the D-loop between B. bonasus and B. bison was calculated as 78.5% per Myr.

20

Neurons of the substantia nigra in the European bison

86%

Szteyn S., Robak A., Rowniak M.

Folia Morphologica

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1995

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tom 54

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nr 4

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