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The paper provides morphometric, physicochemical and vegetation structure of the 16 lakes in Drawieński National Park (DNP). These lakes showed considerable differentiation according to their morphometrical and physico-chemical variables. There are distinguished 4 groups of lakes: (1) throughflow lakes; (2) small, eutrophic non-throughflow lakes; (3) dystrophic lakes with humic water bodies; and (4) mesotrophic lakes. A dependence of the structure of the predominant vegetation types on morphometrical and physico-chemical variables was tested. Results of study of vegetation structure proves the initial classification of the lakes into several groups on the basis of environmental variables. The most important type of vegetation of throughflow lakes are helophytes and nymphaeids. The phytolitoral of eutrophic non-throughflow lakes is scanty. The vegetation of dystrophic lakes is dominated by species with floating leaves and mosses. The common vegetation of mesotrophic lakes is dominated by Chara species and elodeids.
Macroscopic and microscopic changes which occur during the annual ovarian cycle of vimba females from the Drawieński National Park (DNP) were studied. The study was carried out in 1997-1998 using 146 fish with an average body length (longitudo corporis) of 24.2 cm and an average body weight of 274.9 g.No abnormalities or pathological changes in the ovaries of the investigated fish were detected. The histological picture showed the clear asynchronicity of oocyte maturation. The following ovary maturity stages, characteristic for portion spawners, were distinguished: IV₂; V₂; IV₃; V₃. A relatively short post-spawning stage was also identified (VI/II). It was confirmed that in vimba from the Drawieński National Park (DNP) the longest the maturity stage is III, which starts in October and finishes in March or April of the next year.
This paper reports the results of determinations of total amounts of arsenic, antimony, selenium and macrocomponents in water samples from lakes in Drawieński National Park. The total content of arsenic was up to 0.95 ng/mL, antimony up to 0.53 ng/mL, while selenium was below 0.15 ng/mL, at the limits of detectability of 0.16 ng/mL 0.18 ng/mL and 0.15 ng/mL, respectively. The water samples studied had a relatively low content of the elements determined in comparison to their content in water samples from other regions of Poland.Taking into regard that the samples were collected from an area under special protection, the contents of arsenic, antimony and selenium determined in them can be interpreted as representing the natural level of these elements.
The composition and dynamics of zooplankton (Rotifera, Crustacea) communities were studied in a dystrophic lake (Drawieński National Park, northern Poland). The investigated lake was a typical mid-forest lake of a small area (ca. 0.65 ha) but relatively deep (Zmax = 6.8m) and covered with a peat (Sphagnum sp.) mat. The study was made in the shallow part of the lake (Z = 0.5 m). Zooplankton was collected twice in August 2004, in triplicate subsamples, taken from three stations (1. under the peat mat, 2. the transitional zone between the peat mat and open water area and 3. open water zone) from two different sites within the same lake. The distance between sampling stations within a transect was ca. 1.5 m. The whole area under study was not greater than 10 m2. Therefore the results concern the very small-scale distribution of zooplankton. The aim of the study was to find out whether spatial segregation of the zooplankton community and the dominating species between the Sphagnum mat and open water zone as well as in the transitional zone between both zones takes place in a dystrophic lake and whether the moss mat can be considered as an anti-predator refuge. Both the species number and zooplankton densities differed between the stations along a transect, being the highest (40 zooplankton species and mean 150 ind l–1 for the whole zooplankton community) in the peat mat and lowest (12 species and 72 ind l–1) in the open water zone. Humic-water species constituted 24% of the species composition of rotifer and 14% of the crustacean community. Cladocerans prevailed numerically over rotifers. Dominating species – Bdelloidae, Keratella cochlearis Gosse, Polyarthra vulgaris (Carlin), Synchaeta pectinata Ehrenberg, Trichocerca insignis Carlin, Alonella excisa (Fischer), Ceriodaphnia quadrangula (O.F. Muller) – revealed a differentiated pattern of spatial distribution. The mean Shannon-Weaver biodiversity index of zooplankton was not notably high and amounted to 1.45. The highest values were found in the peat mat (mean – 1.76 for rotifers and 0.67 for crustaceans), while the lowest values were found in the open water (0.99 and 0.36 respectively). These results suggest that in the site connected with Sphagnum moss in a humic lake more diverse and abundant zooplankton occurs in relation to other habitats. The differences in zooplankton distribution between the peat mat and the open water zone of the dystrophic lake seems to be affected by biological interactions which relate to predator presence, both vertebrate and invertebrate, and competition between large cladocerans and smaller rotifers. Due to the dominance of larger forms of zooplankton it may be supposed that invertebrate predators may have a more pronounced effect. The habitat within the Sphagnum moss can be considered as a predictable refugium.
The two pondweed taxa, new for the Polish flora, were found in the Drawa River in the Drawieński National Park (north-western Poland). Patches of P. x sparganiifolius started about 400 m below the mouth of the left-bank tributary, the Korytnica River, and ended about 5.5 km further downstream. The population colonized mainly a sandy substrate with varied particle size, moderately deep water, and moderate water flow rate. The patches were very dense and composed nearly exclusively of P. x sparganiifolius. They occurred mainly in the main current of the Drawa, and were up to several dozen metres long. By contrast, P. x nericius was found only in a small creek with stagnant water, at the edge of a patch dominated by P. x sparganiifolius, on a substrate composed of mud and sand, at the depth of 40-60 cm.
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