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Hodowle in vitro pierwotniakow Babesia izolowanych od zwierzat

100%

Adaszek L., Winiarczyk S., Zietek J.

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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2009

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tom 65

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nr 01

12-14

Babesia organisms are hemoprotozoa isolated from people and animals. Their in vitro cultivation supplies information about the morphology and ultrastructure of these parasites. They make it possible to obtain the genetic material for diagnostic elaborations and for detections of phylogenetic relationships between various species of Babesia. Protozoa cultivated on red blood cells can be a source of parasite antigen or attenuated strains of protozoa which can be used for vaccinations. The cultures of Babesia species are kept in an erythrocytes host, taken from the animals from which Babesia is most frequently isolated, suspended in tissue culture media with the addition of sera, in microaerophil conditions at 37°C. The specific circumstances and factors that are needed to obtain an effective Babesia culture are very often the reason of the failure of these investigations.

2

Zoonotic reservoir of Babesia microti in Poland

100%

Karbowiak G.

Polish Journal of Microbiology

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2004

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tom 53

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nr Suppl.

Babesiosis is as one of the emerging human and animal diseases transmitted by ticks. It is caused intraerythrocytic parasites of the genus Babesia. Current evidence of human babesiosis suggests that the majority of cases are involved by Babesia divergens and Babesia microti piroplasms. As zoonotic reservoir of B. microti serve small mammals - insectivores and rodents. The occurrence of this parasite in natural environment in Poland is documented for various regions, in the wide range of mammal hosts. The most important role as Babesia microti reservoir play Microtus voles. The prevalence of infection in Microtus arvalis studied in Mazurian Lakeland is 9-33%; in Microtus agrestis in Katowice agglomeration reach almost 50%, Microtus oeconomus in Białowieża 7.7-50%. The lesser role as zoonotic reservoir play Clethrionomys voles, Apodemus mice and shrews; the prevalence of infections in these mammals don't exceed 2 %. The vectors for B. microti piroplasms in middle-European conditions are Ixodes ricinus, I. trianguliceps and Dermacentor reticulatus. There were recorded the infections of Ixodes ricinus ticks with B. microti in Szczecin and Tri-City, the rate was 6.2-13.3%. The variation in B. microti prevalence in rodents and ticks is very changeable and determined by season, the interaction with other hemoparasites, host's age and local conditions.

3

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Rola śledziony w babeszjozie

75%

Adaszek L., Lojszczyk-Szczepaniak A., Dziegiel B., Bartnicki M., Kalinowski M., Winiarczyk S.

Życie Weterynaryjne

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2014

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tom 89

|

nr 08

4

Sarny [Capreolus capreolus] i jelenie [Cervus elaphus] jako rezerwuar pierwotniakow z rodzaju Babesia i Theileria w polnocno-zachodniej Polsce

63%

Sawczuk M., Maciejewska A., Adamska M., Skotarczak B.

Wiadomości Parazytologiczne

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2005

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tom 51

|

nr 3

243-247

5

Babesia spp. infections transmitted through blood transfusion

63%

Sinski E., Welc-Faleciak R., Poglod R.

Wiadomości Parazytologiczne

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2011

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tom 57

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nr 2

Babesiosis in humans is caused by infection with various species of Babesia (Apicomplexa, Piroplasmida), mainly transmitted by an arthropod vector – Ixodes spp. ticks. This review will focus on blood transfusion as another mode of Babesia transmission, especially in endemic areas, as well as the impact of human babesiosis on transfusion medicine.

6

Nonspecific bacterial flora isolated from the body surface and inside Ixodes ricinus ticks

63%

Okla H., Sosnowska M., Jasik K. P., Slodki J., Wojtyczka R. D.

Polish Journal of Microbiology

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2012

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tom 61

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nr 3

Ixodes ricinus and other representatives of the order Ixodida are vectors of typical pathogens: Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Anaplasma phagocytophilium, Babesia spp., a tick-borne encephalitis virus, and other microorganisms which are important from a medical and veterinary point of view. The presented study focuses on the verification of nonspecific bacterial flora of I. ricinus. We analyzed ticks collected in a forest region in Silesia, an industrial district in Poland. Methods of classical microbiology and biochemical assays (API 20 NE test, API Staph test and MICRONAUT System) were used for isolation and identification of microorganisms living on the body surface of I. ricinus and inside ticks. The results show the presence of various bacteria on the surface and inside ticks’ bodies. During the study, we isolated Acinetobacter lwoffi, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Aeromonas hydrophila, Achromobacter denitrificans, Alcaligenes faecalis, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Pseudomonas oryzihabitans, Micrococcus spp., Kocuria varians, Staphylococcus lentus, Kocuria kristinae, Streptococcus pneumo- niae, Rhizobium radiobacter, Staphylococcus xylosus. Majority of the isolated species are non-pathogenic environmental microorganisms, but some of the isolated bacterial strains could cause severe infections.

7

Molecular survey and genetic diversity of Babesia spp. and Theileria spp. in Cattle in Gansu province, China

63%

Sun M., Guan G., Liu Z., Wang J., Wang D., Wang S., Ma C., Cheng S., Yin H., Luo J.

Acta Parasitologica

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2020

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tom 65

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nr 2

8

Możliwość śródmacicznego szerzenia się zarażeń pierwotniakami Babesia/Theileria protozoa u zwierząt

63%

Adaszek L., Obara-Galek J., Bartnicki M., Dziegiel B., Piech T., Winiarczyk S.

Weterynaria w Praktyce

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2014

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tom 11

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nr 07-08

9

The risk of exposure to Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Babesia sp. and co-infections in Ixodes ricinus ticks on the territory of Niepolomice Forest (southern Poland)

63%

Asman M., Nowak M., Cuber P., Strzelczyk J., Szilman E., Szilman P., Trapp G., Siuda K., Solarz K., Wiczkowski A.

Annals of Parasitology

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2013

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tom 59

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nr 1

Niepołomice Forest is located about 20 kilometers east of Cracow (Małopolska province, southern Poland). Its natural and touristic values, as well as wide range of hosts occurring within indicate this to be an area of high risk of exposure to Ixodes ricinus and tick-borne diseases it transfers. I. ricinus is a common species in Poland and Europe. Its seasonal activity begins in Poland in the early spring, and ends with late autumn. A total number of 129 specimens of I. ricinus was collected by flagging in Niepołomice Forest. DNA was isolated by ammonia method from 30 randomly-selected individuals. PCR was used to detect tick-borne pathogens with primers specific for Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Babesia sp. Molecular studies confirmed the presence of all three pathogens in I. ricinus. A. phagocytophilum was found in 76.7%, Babesia sp., 60%, B. burgdorferi s. l., in 3.3% of studied ticks. A. phagocytophilum co-infection with Babesia sp., was found in 46.7% of the specimens. A co-infection of all three tested pathogens was recorded in one case (3.3%). In Poland the problem of tick-borne diseases is a growing issue, therefore people residing in southern Polish touristic areas should be informed about the prevention and protection against ticks.

10

The prevalence of Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys and Babesia spp. in dogs in Nueva Ecija, Philippines based on multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) assay

63%

Corales J. M. I., Viloria V. V., Venturina V. M., Mingala C. N.

Annals of Parasitology

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2014

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tom 60

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nr 4

The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys and Babesia spp. in dogs. It describes the practice of veterinarians in detecting tick-borne diseases in Nueva Ecija, Philippines. Seventy blood samples were collected and were subjected to multiplex PCR for the detection of E. canis, Babesia spp. and A. platys. The prevalence of babesiosis is the highest in Cabanatuan City (2/10), while a 10% prevalence (1/10) was observed in Science City of Muñoz, Talavera and Sta. Rosa. E. canis were only detected in Cabanatuan City. However, no anaplasmosis was detected in any area. The prevalence of babesiosis and ehrlichiosis in Nueva Ecija is 7.14% (5/70) and 2.85% (2/70) respectively. In addition, 70% (7/10) of the Nueva Ecija veterinary practitioners encountered cases of suspected ehrlichiosis in their practice. The diagnosis of ehrlichiosis is based primarily on presented clinical signs and complete blood counts, which include a platelet count. Of the 10 respondents, half utilized test kits while 90% interpreted blood samples. Meanwhile, only 60% of the respondents used an ELISA test kit for ehrlichiosis. For some practitioners, the main reason for not utilizing a kit is the high cost. None of the respondents had previously attended cases of suspected anaplasmosis. Only one respondent diagnosed a case of babesiosis by blood smear microscopy.

11

Animal level risk factors associated with Babesia and Theileria infections in cattle in Egypt

63%

Rizk M. A., Salama A., El-Sayed S. A., Elsify A., El-Ashkar M., Ibrahim H., Youssef M., El-Khodery S.

Acta Parasitologica

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2017

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tom 62

|

nr 4

12

Metody zapobiegania babeszjozie psów ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem immunoprofilaktyki swoistej

63%

Adaszek L., Mazurek L., Winiarczyk S.

Weterynaria w Praktyce

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2019

|

tom 16

|

nr 10

13

A PCR survey of vector-borne pathogens in different dog populations from Turkey

63%

Guo H., Sevinc F., Ceylan O., Sevinc M., Ince E., Gao Y., Moumouni P. F. A., Liu M., Efstratiou A., Wang G., Cao S., Zhou M., Jirapattharasate C., Ringo A. E., Zheng W., Xuan X.

Acta Parasitologica

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2017

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tom 62

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nr 3

14

Przypadek babeszjozy u konia

63%

Adaszek L., Winiarczyk S.

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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2008

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tom 64

|

nr 11

1317-1319

This paper describes a case of babesiosis in a horse in Poland. The horse was a 2-year-old stallion with the symptoms of fever, anemia, loss of appetite and muscle weakness. Blood samples were collected from the animal for the standard hematological and biochemical examinations, serological examination for Borreliae and molecular tests for Babesia spp. and Ehrichia spp. The results of hematological examinations revealed a low level of hemoglobin (11 g/dl), low level of hematocrit (28%), trombocythopenia (145 tys./mm³), and an increase of total bilirubine level, which are characteristic of hemolytic anemia. In PCR reaction with GF2 and GR2 primers a fragment of Babesia spp 18S RNA gene with the length of 577 bp was detected. The sequence showed a 96% homology with the Babesia equi partial sequence of 18S RNA gene with the GeneBank access number Z15105. On the basis of molecular examination results and the efficacy of a therapy with imidocarb in a dose of 2 ml/100 kg and kanamycin in a dose of 10 mg/kg the diagnose of babesiosis was established. A control PCR examination of the horse blood taken 14 days after finished therapy did not reveal the genetic material of Babesia. Full recovery of the sick animal was observed.

15

PCR detection of granulocytic Anaplasma and Babesia in Ixodes ricinus ticks and birds in West-Central Poland

63%

Skotarczak B., Rymaszewska A., Wodecka B., Sawczuk M., Adamska M., Maciejewska A.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

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2006

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tom 13

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nr 1

The aim of the study was to establish the role of forest birds as reservoirs of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia spp. in Wielkopolski National Park. A total of 108 birds from 9 species were collected between May–September 2002. Blood samples were taken from 84 specimens and 442 individuals of the common tick, Ixodes ricinus, were collected from the birds. The 73 additional ticks were collected from vegetation. PCR amplification of a fragment of the epank 1 gene and 18S rRNA gene was used for detection of A. phagocytophilum and Babesia spp. DNA, respectively. Pathogen DNA was not detected in any of the blood samples or ticks collected from birds. On the other hand, 3 ticks collected from vegetation (4.1% of all examined specimens) were positive for A. phagocytophilum DNA. In spite of the high level of infestation of birds by I. ricinus, it is clear that they do not constitute a competent reservoir of A. phagocytophilum and Babesia in WNP. Additionally, I. ricinus is not a significant vector in this area.

16

Blood parasites in a wild rodent community of Mazury lakes District, Poland

63%

Bajer A., Bednarska M., Pawelczyk A., Konopka E., Karbowiak G., Sinski E.

Wiadomości Parazytologiczne

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1998

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tom 44

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nr 3

17

Role of mosquitoes and ticks in transmission of some of the epizootic diseases

63%

Kosik-Bogacka D., Kuzna-Grygiel W., Bukowska K., Jaborowska M.

Advances in Agricultural Sciences

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2006

|

tom 10

18

Babesia sp.: emerging intracellular parasites in Europe

63%

Gray J. S.

Polish Journal of Microbiology

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2004

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tom 53

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nr Suppl.

The emergence of Lyme borreltosis as the most prevalent arthropod disease of humans in the temperate northern hemisphere has resulted in renewed interest in human babesiosis, transmitted by the same tick vectors. The advent of new molecular tools has made possible a reappraisal of the main parasites involved (Babesia divergens in Europe and Babesia microti in the USA). B. divergens is probably restricted to European cattle, though there are several nearly identical species. B. microti occurs as a world-wide species complex rather than as a single species, and although both pheno-typic and genotypie features lend support to suggestions that zoonotic B. microti may occur in Europe, convincing medical evidence is lacking. Comparative biology should support genetic data in taxonomic studies of these parasites.

19

Detecting DNAs of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia in the blood of patients suspected of Lyme disease

63%

Hermanowska-Szpakowicz T., Skotarczak B., Kondrusik M., Rymaszewska A., Sawczuk M., Maciejewska A., Adamska M., Pancewicz S., Zajkowska J.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

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2004

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tom 11

|

nr 2

Co-occurrence of granulocytic anaplasmosis, borreliosis and babesiosis in humans is a result of common vectors for the respective pathogens of these diseases, most commonly ticks from the genus Ixodes. Studies on ticks in Europe and also in Poland have shown that several pathogens may co-occur in individuals of I. ricnus. A total of 96 hospitalised patients infected or suspected of being infected with borreliosis were screened for A. phagocytophilum and Babesia sp. DNA. Positive results of PCRs for A. phagocytophilum DNA were obtained for 10 patients, 8 of whom were diagnosed with borreliosis earlier, and 4 of whom were diagnosed with tick-borne encephalitis (on the basis of serological studies of serum and cerebrospinal fluid). None of the 10 patients had clinical or biochemical markers of anaplasmosis, corroborating the existence of asymptomatic anaplasmosis or self-limiting course. in Europe. Similarly, Babesia DNA was not found in the blood of any of the patients. The results of the studies show that in diagnosing tick-borne diseases, clinical examinations should consider infection by two or even three tick-borne pathogens.

20

Babesia spp. w Polsce: identyfikacja i epidemiologiczne znaczenie

51%

Sinski E., Welc-Faleciak R.

Postępy Mikrobiologii

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2008

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tom 47

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nr 3

299-305

Ograniczanie wyników

Hodowle in vitro pierwotniakow Babesia izolowanych od zwierzat

Zoonotic reservoir of Babesia microti in Poland

Rola śledziony w babeszjozie

Sarny [Capreolus capreolus] i jelenie [Cervus elaphus] jako rezerwuar pierwotniakow z rodzaju Babesia i Theileria w polnocno-zachodniej Polsce

Babesia spp. infections transmitted through blood transfusion

Nonspecific bacterial flora isolated from the body surface and inside Ixodes ricinus ticks

Molecular survey and genetic diversity of Babesia spp. and Theileria spp. in Cattle in Gansu province, China

Możliwość śródmacicznego szerzenia się zarażeń pierwotniakami Babesia/Theileria protozoa u zwierząt

The risk of exposure to Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Babesia sp. and co-infections in Ixodes ricinus ticks on the territory of Niepolomice Forest (southern Poland)