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Isolation and cultivation of Mycobacterium johnei

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Cases of bovine paratuberculosis (3), unobserved in Poland previously, were a reason of the investigations on diagnostic methods of the disease. This study was designed to compare the value of four solid media for a cultivation of M. johnei in a pure culture, and for an isolation of the organism from infected materials. At the same time, the value of oxalic acid and a detergent used for homogenization was compared.
Thirteen sheep were infected orally with M. johnei. Seven of them died before the end of two-year observation period. Decreased body weight, depression and accelerated respiration were the main clinical symptoms. Sensitivity to johnin and avian tuberculin appeaired about 8 weeks after inoculation, persisted 6-8 months and gradually disappared. The Johne's bacilli were found in the feaces 12-14 months after infection. In the dead animals or slaughtered when the experiment was finished, post-mortem lesions were found in varying degree.
In the present work primary antimicrobial resistance was analyzed in clinical H. pylori strain isolates from adult patients from Polish Wielkopolska region within the last 10 years. Drug sensitivity was evaluated in a total of 142 H. pylori isolates, with 66 strains originating from years 1997/1998 forming group 1 and 76 strains isolated in 2007/2008 forming group 2. Sensitivity to amoxicillin, tetracycline, metronidazole and clarithromycin was determined by E-test. All strains were susceptible to amoxicillin and tetracycline. On the other hand, a high proportion of strains resistant to metronidazole was determined (36.4% in group 1 and 44.7% in group 2). In parallel, a growing tendency was discovered for resistance to clarithromycin (9.1% strains resistant in group 1 and 18.4% isolates resistant in group 2). The studies confirm the need for monitoring the drug resistance of Helicobacter pylori strains.
Two hundred and seventy five strains of M. avium isolated from cattle (26), pigs (117), sheep (27), hens (102), a wild boar (1), a mink (1) and a sparrow (1) were examined to determine their seriotypes and some biochemical properties. It was found that avian tubercle bacilli of serotype 2 occurred several times more often than M. avium 1. M. avium 3 was isolated sporadically. Some strains of all the three serotypes had atypical biochemical properties for M. avium. Some of them were more active in biochemical tests then typical M . avium, while others were negative in all tests used in the study. A relationship between the serotype and biochemical prioperties was not found.
Foci of bovine paratuberculosis which were found recently in Poland, made a need for taking up investigations on early diagnosis of the disease. According to publications of many autors (1, 2, 4, 5) diagnosis of Johne's disease before characteristic clinical symptoms are appeared is difficult. The purpose of this work was to investigate reactions to johnin, avian, and mammalian tuberculins in cattle infected with M. johnei and to confront the results of allergic tests with those of post-mortem and laboratory examinations.
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