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1

Industrial water contamination and health impacts: an economic perspective

100%
Sayal A., Amjad S., Bilal M., Pervez A., Mahmood Q., Afridi M. A.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
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2016
|
tom 25
|
nr 2
The present study quantifi ed and evaluated the presence of water pollution and its impact on the health of the adjacent human community. Water sampling and household surveying was carried out using a GIS approach using primary data. The quantifi cation of health impact was based on the scientifi c tools of environment, economic theory, econometrics, and statistics. The focus of our study was the impact of lead (Pb) contamination of drinking water from industrial effl uents on population health and utility in Dingi village, adjacent to an industrial estate in Haripur Pakistan. Results of the study showed varying Pb contamination beyond the safe limits set by WHO. Marginal willingness to pay based on probabilities of sickness, medical costs, and avertive costs was estimated at $53 per household yearly. The opportunity cost of leisure ($22) and avertive measures ($54) were also estimated to fi nd the total economic cost born by households ($300). Total annual welfare loss of the Dingi community exposed to Pb contamination and its cost accounted for 4.26 million PKR ($42,000). This welfare quantifi cation extrapolated to other villages can contribute to heavy monetary loss. Policymakers should pay special attention to such polluted areas to adopt mitigation measures to save public health.
2

Differential effect of day and night temperature regimes on the growth and biochemical attributes of violet rape (Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis L.)

100%
Hong Z., Khalid M., Bilal M., Juan J., Huang D., Dongqin T.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2018
|
tom 27
|
nr 6
The present study investigated the influences of different day and night temperature regimes on the growth of violet rape (Brassica rapa var. chinensis) and pinpointed the optimal temperature combination for both yield and quality of the plant. For this purpose, the plants were grown under 6 temperature combination conditions: W1 (30/20ºC, 12-h light/12-h dark), W2 (25/15ºC, 12-h light/12-h dark), W3 (20/10ºC, 12-h light/12-h dark), W4 (30/15°C, 12-h light/12-h dark), W5 (25/10ºC, 12-h light/12-h dark), and W6 (30/10ºC, 12-h light/12-h dark), and in addition we measured various morphological, yield, and biochemical traits. Results demonstrated that temperature regimes considerably affected the growth parameters of the violet rape compared with control. The W3 treatment with an average temperature of 20/10ºC displayed the highest plant growth traits, including plant height (12.74±0.24 cm), leaf length (8.20±0.08 cm), leaf width (5.44±0.16 cm), and leaf area (33.46±0.83 cm²). Moreover, a highly significant correlation (p<0.05) was found between temperature and soluble protein, chlorophyll, anthocyanin, nitrate nitrogen contents, and root activity; whereas the vitamin C and soluble sugar contents remained significantly unaffected except in the W1 treatment, under different temperature combinations between day and night. This study concluded that high temperature exerts an adverse effect on plant growth, and therefore a low day and night temperature combination is suggested in order to achieve high yield and quality for irrigated violet rape.
3

Land use regression modelsusing satellite aerosol optical depth observations and 3D building data from the central cities of Liaoning Province, China

84%
Gong J., Hu Y., Liu M., Bu R., Chang Y., Bilal M., Li C., Wu W., Ren B.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2016
|
tom 25
|
nr 3
4

Biocontrol efficacy of different isolates of Trichoderma against soil borne pathogen Rhizoctonia solani

84%
Asad S. A., Ali N., Hameed A., Khan S. A., Ahmad R., Bilal M., Shahzad M., Tabassum A.
Polish Journal of Microbiology
|
2014
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tom 63
|
nr 1
In this study, the biocontrol abilities of water-soluble and volatile metabolites of three different isolates of Trichoderma (T. asperellum,T. harzianum and Trichoderma spp.) against soil borne plant pathogen Rhizoctonia solani were investigated both in vitro and in vivo. The results showed for the first time that mycelial growth inhibition of the pathogen was 74.4–67.8% with water-soluble metabolites as compared to 15.3–10.6% with volatile metabolites in vitro. In vivo antagonistic activity of Trichoderma isolates against R. solani was evaluated on bean plants under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. We observed that T. asperellum was more effective and consistent, lowering disease incidence up to 19.3% in laboratory and 30.5% in green house conditions. These results showed that three isolates of Trichoderma could be used as effective biocontrol agents against R. solani.
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