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Bream, Abramis brama (L.), eggs fertilized with genetically inactivated sperm (UV irradiation dose of 1920 J m-2) were exposed to thermal cold shock to produce meiotic gynogenotes. The shock was applied at one-minute intervals from 1 to 10 min after egg insemination. The temperature of the shock was 2.0 ± 0.1°C, and its duration was 45 min. The water temperature prior to the shock was 20.0°C. Eggs fertilized with genetically inactivated sperm (putative haploids) exhibited retarded and abnormal development. The yield of gynogenesis was relatively low, except for the group to which the shock was applied 1 min after fertilization (about 30% in comparison with the controls). Ninety fish from the control and gynogenetic groups were reared for ten months. The survival of the gynogenetic bream was twofold lower than that of the controls. The gynogenotes were highly variable in size and exhibited some morphological abnormalities. The sex ratios in the control groups were close to 1:1, whereas all the gynogenotes were female.
Growth rate (based on fry length measurements and back calculations), condition, relative gonad size, and length at first maturity were determined in the common bream population inhabiting Międzyodrze, a deltaic area situated in the vicinity of Szczecin.
Within 1997-1999, studies were carried out in Włocławek Reservoir to determine diet composition, growth rate, and condition of common bream, Abramis brama (L.)-the dominant fish species there. An extraordinary abundance of bottom fauna in this reservoir is the reason that already in the first year, common bream begin to feed intensively on zoobenthos, they grow very rapidly (in length and weight), and are in good condition. Literature reports that at the beginning of the 1980s, when zoobenthos in the reservoir was considerably less abundant, bream growth was slower.
Over the past 50 years, the complete histological study of carp fish gonads was first carried out at Zaporozhian Reservoir. In conditions of environmental transformation of the reservoir the regularities of oogenesis and gonadogenesis, passing sexual cycles were found and the ecology of spawning carp fish was investigated. The adaptive potential of the carp fish reproductive systems, which is expressed through the asynchrony of reproductive products development as well as the functional peculiarities of the fish spawning process, was brought to light. Both environmental assessment and faunal analysis of biodiversity and distribution of young fish of Zaporozhian Reservoir were carried out. The growth and development of the fish larvae dwelling within the industrial agglomerations of Dnipropetrovsk city are found to be under anthropogenic influence. The efficiency of the use of artificial spawning nests for the carp fish spawning was studied, and practical recommendations for their installation and operation in the waters of the reservoir were elaborated.
The food composition of small common bream, roach, pikeperch and ruffe was studied in the shore area of the Włocławek Reservoir between July and October 1999. Zoobenthos and pelagic Chironomidae pupae dominated. Rotifers, copepods and cladoceran pelagic zooplankton were almost not consumed at all. Common bream fed mainly on benthic cladoceran Chydoridae and Chironomidae larvae. Roach consumed vegetation, Chironomidae larvae and small molluscs Sphaeriidae. Ruffe ate Chironomidae larvae, and pikeperch ate fish and various developmental stages of Chironomidae. Pelophilous chironomid forms, mainly from the genus Chironomus, dominated among the consumed larvae. Due to its exceptional abundance, the benthic fauna in the Włocławek Reservoir is an attractive food source for fish, and it plays an important role in their diet from the earliest life stages onwards. The benthic fauna also provides good developmental conditions, especially for typical benthic feeders.
Przedstawiono wyniki analiz pozostałości chlorowych pochodnych węglowodorów HCB, HCH, DDT z metabolitami oraz PCB w tkance mięśniowej i wątrobach trzech gatunków ryb odłowionych w Zalewie Szczecińskim.
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