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Fossil population structure and mortality analysis of the cave bears from Ursilor Cave, north-western Romania

100%

Robu M.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

2016

tom 61

nr 2

Research in cave bear palaeobiology focusing on population structure and mortality analysis may improve our understanding regarding the ecology of this species which vanished at the end of Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3, prior to Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), if assessed populations are large enough. Such population is available in Urşilor Cave, from north-western Romania, known as one of the most rich and complex European MIS3 cave bear sites. From the palaeontological excavation, situated at the lower level of the cave (= Scientific Reserve), more than 210 cave bear isolated lower molars, 160 mandibles and almost 180 canines were extracted and analyzed. The results obtained on the wear stages of the studied molars and mandibles indicated an “L”-shaped curve and suggest a non-attritional death pattern and a bone assemblage juvenile dominated. Moreover, the sex-ratio of upper and lower canines indicates a net dominance of females (5.4 females: 1 male). Although a “catastrophic” death pattern was obtained for cave bears, the animals seem to have died diachronically (non-simultaneously), over a time span of more than 6000 years. The triangular graph of age distribution is not appropriate for death assemblages from traps such as karst caves, where taphonomic processes like predation or scavenging would have played a less important role.

Sequencing mtDNA of the cave bear Ursus spelaeus from the Bavarian Alps is feasible by nested and touchdown PCR

100%

Kuhn R., Schroder W., Rottmann O.

Acta Theriologica

2001

tom 46

nr 1

Ancient DNA from bones of the extinct Ursus spelaeus Rosamueller et Hainroth, 1794 found in the Bavarian Alps has been amplified by PCR. Two out of five samples yielded a distinct band of 135 bp originating from the mtDNA control region. A combination of nested and touchdown PCR supported the amplification. Analysis of the nucleotide sequences revealed four transitions compared to the French cave bear sequence, the only cave bear data known so far (Genbank database X80259, AF121779). The consensus distant matrix tree clustered the two cave bears next to the brown bear Ursus arctos Linnaeus, 1758.

Ograniczanie wyników

1 Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

1 Acta Theriologica

1 Kuhn R.

1 Robu M.

1 Rottmann O.

1 Schroder W.

1 2016

1 2001

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Fossil population structure and mortality analysis of the cave bears from Ursilor Cave, north-western Romania

Sequencing mtDNA of the cave bear Ursus spelaeus from the Bavarian Alps is feasible by nested and touchdown PCR