During the growing season, oats is exposed to the pathogenic filamentous fungi, among others of Fusarium spp., which in favorable conditions, may secrete secondary metabolites called mycotoxins that are harmful to the consumer. Grains of five cultivars of naturally contaminated oats were analyzed for Fusarium infection level and mycotoxins (NIV, DON, T-2 and HT-2 toxins) accumulation. The predominant Fusarium species was a common oats pathogen: F. poae (Peck) Wollenw. Among the other identified Fusarium species were F. equiseti (Corda) Sacc. i F. oxysporum Schlecht. emend. Snyd et Hans. The Fusarium fungi infection level of grain was very low for all cultivars and ranged from 2 to 3%. The level of mycotoxins detected in the grain samples was also generally low and ranged from respectively: 53 μg/kg (ppb) for nivalenol, < LOQ for deoxynivalenol and < LOQ for T-2 and HT-2 toxins in the grain of Gniady cv. to respectively: 142 μg/kg (ppb) for nivalenol, < LOQ for deoxynivalenol and 38 μg/kg (ppb) for T-2 and HT-2 toxins in the grain of Krezus cv.
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