Wyniki wyszukiwania

1

Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik

Toxin producing micromycetes on fruit, berries, and vegetables

100%

Lugauskas A., Stakeniene J.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

2002

|

tom 09

|

nr 2

2

Improvement of Trichoderma viride biotic activity by copper sulfate introduction into soil

100%

Peciulyte D., Lugauskas A.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Biological Sciences

|

2001

|

tom 49

|

nr 4

3

Trichoderma viride Pers. against pathogenic microorganisms of Dianthus L.

100%

Stankeviciene A., Lugauskas A.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Biological Sciences

|

1999

|

tom 47

|

nr 2-4

4

The occurrence of pathogenic fungi during flax growing season in Central Lithuania

81%

Gruzdeviene E., Brazauskiene I., Repeckiene J., Lugauskas A.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

|

2008

|

tom 48

|

nr 2

255-265

Experiments designed to study the variation of diversity of pathogenic fungi occurring in fibre flax agrocenosis during the growing season were conducted at the Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture Upytė Experimental Station during 1999-2002. The Upytė Experimental Station is situated in Central Lithuania. Phytopathological analyses of seed, soil and plants were done at the laboratory of the Upytė Experimental Station as well as at the Biodestructor Research Laboratory of the Institute of Botany. There were identified in the rhizosphere 9 fungal species belonging to 9 genera. On flax seedlings were identified fungi belonging to 13 genera. On flax leaves at green maturity stage was identified only Oidium lini. On flax stems at green maturity stage were identified fungi belonging to 12 genera. On mature flax stems were found fungi belonging to 15 genera. On flax seed during the experimental years were identified fungi belonging to 16 genera. The number of fungi identified on seeds varied each year, depending on the year's weather conditions during the seed ripening period. Having summarised the results, we can assert that pathogenic fungi Fusarium spp. and Colletotrichum lini, were found both on seed and plant vegetative parts during the whole assessment period. Species composition of fungi present on seed differed depending on the weather conditions. A larger number and more diverse species were found on the seed that ripened during the years with wet growing seasons (2000 and 2001) whereas the seed that ripened during dry growing seasons (1999 and 2002) was less infected with fungi. The spread of fungi on stems and leaves was also determined by the weather conditions. Many species of fungi were identified in 2001, when flax crops were lodged; stems and capsules were damaged by hail, and in 2000, when there was much rainfall.

5

Micromycetes, producers of toxins, detected on stored vegetables

81%

Lugauskas A., Repeckiene J., Novosinskas H.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

2005

|

tom 12

|

nr 2

253-260

In 2003-2004, investigations of mycological contamination of stored and newly harvested vegetables were carried out. The aim of the study was to detect fungal species able to synthesize toxic metabolites, which are spread on vegetables under various conditions. For mycological investigations, samples of carrots, onions and cabbage were taken from storehouses with different storage periods and conditions. Penicillium expansum, P. nalgiovense, Mucor silvaticus and Penicillium verrucosum were more frequently detected on carrots, Penicillium expansum - on onions and Aspergillus niger, Botrytis cinerea, Mucor hiemalis, Penicillium funiculosum and Penicillium expansum - on cabbages. Storing conditions of vegetables influenced distribution of different fungal species. Primary screening using CYA and YES test-media showed that 46.7% of tested strains may be evaluated as toxin producers. The ability of fungi to produce mycotoxins depends on their growth substrata. According to Rf and fluorescence in the UV of compounds comparing with standards, such toxins as patulin, cytochalasin and penitrem were identified. The ability of Penicillium expansum Sv-168-1 growing on different foodstuff and especially potato to produce patulin was confirmed quantitatively.

6

Erysiphe flexuosa – the new pathogen of Aesculus hippocastanum in Lithuania

81%

Stankeviciene A., Snieskiene V., Lugauskas A.

Phytopathologia

|

2010

|

tom 56

7

Toxic micromycetes in grain raw material during its processing

81%

Lugauskas A., Raila A., Railiene M., Raudoniene V.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

2006

|

tom 13

|

nr 1

In 2003–2005 micromycetes were isolated and identified from wheat, barley, rye, buckwheat grain brought into mills or from processing enterprises. Contamination of the produced flour with micromycete propagules (cfu g-1), changes in micromycete diversity and abundance in the course of flour storage, preparation and baking of bread, production of groats or other food products and fodder were determined. Most attention was given to widely distributed micromycetes, known producers of toxins: Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus candidus, A. clavatus, A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, A. oryzae, A. (=Eurotium) repens, Fusarium culmorum, F. equiseti, F. graminearum, F. moniliforme, F. oxysporum, F. poae, F. sporotrichioides, Penicillium brevicompactum, P. chrysogenum, P. cyclopium, P. daleae, P. expansum, P. funiculosum, P. roqueforti, P. urticae, P. verruculosum, P. viridicatum, Phoma exiqua, Rhizomucor pusillus, Rhizopus stolonifer, Trichothecium roseum. Abilities of these micromycetes to produce secondary toxic metabolites were determined as well as possible hazard caused to people consuming the contaminated products.

8

Presence of potential toxin producing micromycetes on fruit and berries

81%

Stakeniene J., Lugauskas A., Levinskaite L.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Biological Sciences

|

2001

|

tom 49

|

nr 4

9

Problems of a longtime strawberry growing in one plot

81%

Lugauskas A., Repeckiene J., Uselis N., Rasimskiene A. B.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus

|

2003

|

tom 02

|

nr 2

Long term investigations revealed that cultivation of strawberries (Fragaria magna Thuill.) for 10 years continuously in one plot reduces their vitality: the number of the produced runners decreases by 41%, of leaves – by 30%, form only 28% of inflorescence, the yield reduces by 50% in comparison with strawberries grown for two years in a new plot. Evident decline in the vitality and productivity of strawberries was detected during 4th–6th years of cultivation. Unequal reaction of the tested cultivars upon the durability of cultivation was noticed; strawberries of the cultivar ‘Senga Sengana’ reacted slightly, while the ones of the cultivar ‘Nida’ – strongly. It is related with different sensibility of these cultivars towards the disease agents of root rots. It was determined that long-term cultivation of the Fragaria genus plants results in the accumulation of the parasitic fungi propagules in soil: Ascochyta fragaricola, Cercospora fragariae, Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, Perenospora fragariae, Phytophthora cactorum, Pythium intermedium, P. ultimum, Plasmodiophora brassicae, Sclerotium rolfsii, Verticillium alboatrum. Therefore, cultivation of strawberries in the same plot for longer time increases the phytopathogenic potential of soil, and short interval (1–2 years) between planting has little significance upon it. The second reason for low productivity of strawberries cultivated for a long in one plot is soil tiredness caused by fungi, synthesising and excreting into surrounding toxic secondary metabolites, widespread in the rhizosphere, especially those belonging to the Penicillium genus: P. janthinellum, P. verruculosum var. verrucosum, P. canescens, P. spinulosum.

10

Inactivation of fungi in vitro by photosensitization: preliminary results

81%

Luksiene Z., Peciulyte D., Lugauskas A.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

2004

|

tom 11

|

nr 2

Photosensitization is based on the interaction of 2 completely non-toxic agents - a photosensitizer, accumulated in microorganisms, and visible light. This interaction induces radical-based cytotoxic reactions in the presence of oxygen. The photosensitization phenomenon is widely involved in the treatment of tumors in oncology, in curing arthritis and atherosclerosis. In this work, the possibility to inactivate pathogenic and harmful fungi by photosensitization is shown. A new treatment methodology is proposed on the basis of effective inactivation of the several micromycetes, such as Aspergillus flavus, Trichothecium roseum, Fusarium avenaceum, Rhizopus oryzae, by photosensitization.

11

Bacteria of the Pseudomonas migula genus on stored vegetables

81%

Tekoriene R., Lugauskas A., Vasinauskiene M.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus

|

2003

|

tom 02

|

nr 2

For the study on Pseudomonas bacteria, samples of vegetables with soft rot symptoms were collected in a market place and storage-rooms. The samples were examined on selective media for Gram-negative bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas. Forty Pseudomonas strains were isolated from injured carrot roots, potato tubers, onions, leek leaves, beetroots, cabbages, radish. On the basis of biological tests the bacteria were ascribe to 10 Pseudomonas species: P. fluorescens, P. marginalis, P. putida, P. facilis, P. aeruginosa, P. delafieldii, P. cichorii , P. pseudoalcaligenes, P. cepacia (=Burkholderia cepacia), P. gladioli (=Burkholderia gladioli pv. aliicola). Five species isolated from potato tubes, carrot roots, onions, and beetroots – P. fluorescens, P. marginalis, P. cichorii, P. cepacia (= Burkholderia cepacia), and P. gladioli (=Burkholderia gladioli pv. aliicola) – were able to cause soft rot symptoms of various vegetables.

12

Toxin producing micromycetes on imported products of plant origin

81%

Lugauskas A., Raudoniene V., Sveistyte L.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

2005

|

tom 12

|

nr 1

Recently the food of people is profusely supplemented with vegetables and fruit imported from various regions. Investigations on the mycological state of imported foodstuffs revealed that the marketed vegetables, fresh, dried and frozen fruit are contaminated with propagules of various micromycetes. The obtained results allow the conclusion that vegetables and fruit can become a good substrate for mycotoxin producing micromycetes. The micromycetes develop on everyday products and can become the cause of slow toxicoses, which are characterized by a diversity of symptoms and are difficult to diagnose. Therefore, contamination of food products with micromycetes of the Penicillium, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Alternaria, Paecilomyces, Trichotecium, Rhizopus genera should receive particular attention. It should be noted that a strain growing on a particular type of vegetable or fruit could synthesize and excrete different toxic secondary metabolites.

13

Airborne fungi in industrial environments - potential agents of respiratory diseases

81%

Lugauskas A., Krikstaponis A., Sveistyte L.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

2004

|

tom 11

|

nr 1

Investigations on airborne fungi in a poultry house, a swinery, a feed preparing and storing house, a grain mill, a wooden panel producing factory, and organic waste recycling facilities have been carried out in Lithuania. Low concentrations of fungal spores were detected in the wooden panel producing factory, the swinery, the feed preparing and storing house, and the poultry house; moderate concentrations were found in the organic waste recycling facilities; high concentrations were revealed at the grain mill. Species of Aspergillus oryzae, A. nidulans, P. expansum, Penicillium olivinoviride, P. claviforme and Botryotrichum longibrachiatum prevailed in the poultry farm; Geotrichum candidum, Cladosporium cladosporioides, C. herbarum, Penicillium viridicatum and P. fellutanum dominated in the swinery. Fungi of Penicillium viridicatum, P. expansum, Staphylotrichum coccosporum and Aspergillus oryzae prevailed in the feed preparing and storing house at the swinery. Cladosporium cladosporioides, C. herbarum, Penicillium viridicatum and Geotrichum candidum prevailed in the grain mill. Fungi ascribed as Paecilomyces puntonii, Rhizopus nodosus and R. stolonifer dominated in the wooden panel producing factory. Species of Aspergillus raperi, P. paxilli, P. oxalicum, and Cladosporium herbarum prevailed at the organic waste recycling facilities. According to published data, the majority of the identified fungal species are characterized as allergenic and an exposure to their spores may provoke adverse health effects (such as allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma or extrinsic allergic alveolitis) in susceptible individuals.

14

Concentration and species diversity of airborne fungi near busy streets in Lithuanian urban area

81%

Lugauskas A., Sveistyte L., Ulevicius V.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

2003

|

tom 10

|

nr 2

15

Preventive measures reducing superficial mycobiotic contamination of grain

71%

Steponavicius D., Raila A., Steponaviciene A., Lugauskas A., Kemzuraite A.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

2012

|

tom 19

|

nr 2

Search for the preventive measures reducing the accumulation of mycotoxin producers in food raw material was carried out. Active ventilation was used; the impact of the electro-chemically activated air (ozone) and electro-chemically activated water (anolyte) on the micromycetes prevailing in grain raw material for food (GRMF) was determined. The GRMF was dried by active ventilation using the ozone-air mixture. Ozone (concentration 1250 ppb) disinfects the surface of the raw material and creates conditions unfavourable for the increase of mycobiotic contamination in drying upper layers of the grain mound. Within 8 days the contamination of GRMF in a mound decreased by 50%, while in its lower layers – more than 3 times. Ventilation of the mound with the above-mentioned concentration of the ozone-air mixture has ceased the active functioning of Fusarium avenaceum, F. graminearum, F. poae, F. solani, F. tricinctum F. sporotrichioides micromycetes and has considerably retarded the development of Alternaria alternata and other fungi. Anolyte (0.05% of chlorine concentration) reduced the mycobiotic contamination of GRMF by almost 2.5 times. The optimal treatment duration is from 0.5 to 1 hour. The optimal technical parameters, allowing the use of these measures for the preparation of grain food safety technologies, were elaborated; they are designed for more efficient protection of human health against micromycetes and their toxic metabolites, which are abundantly produced and released into the environment.

16

Verticillium spp. in the rhizosphere of pot plants

71%

Stankeviciene A., Lugauskas A., Snieskiene V., Juronis V., Varkuleviciene J.

Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych

|

2008

|

tom 529

From the rhizosphere of investigated pot plants six Verticillium species (V. alboatrum, V. dahliae, V. nigrescens, V. nubilum, V. album and V. fusisporum), potentially dangerous to plants, were isolated. Most often colonized rhizospheres of diseased pot plants by Verticillium album were those of Peperomia obtusifolia and Calathea picturata (relative density 8%). Relative density of Verticillim group in other sick plants rhizosphere was up to 4% whereas that of the healthy looking plants varied from 1 to 3%. Pot plants are very sensitive to factors unfavourable to their growth.

17

Enzymatic activities of Aspergillus fumigatus strains isolated from the air at waste landfills

71%

Krikstaponis A., Lugauskas A., Krysinska-Traczyk E., Prazmo Z., Dutkiewicz J.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

2001

|

tom 08

|

nr 2

18

Factors determining accumulation of mycotoxin producers in cereal grain during harvesting

71%

Lugauskas A., Raila A., Zvicevicius E., Railiene M., Novosinskas H.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

2007

|

tom 14

|

nr 1

During the meteorologically contrasting period of 2003-2005, the contamination of winter wheat, malt barley and fodder barley grain with micromycetes during grain harvesting and preparation for storage was investigated. Micromycetes of over 70 species ascribed to 16 genera were isolated and identifi ed, the density of their populations in grain was determined. Micromycetes with a population density of >50% were attributed to dominant species. Short biological characteristic, ecological peculiarities of the dominating micromycetes are provided; factors determining intensity of their development and abilities to synthesise and excrete toxic metabolites are indicated. The importance of grain drying for stabilisation of its contamination with micromycete propagules is highlighted. It is noted that in grain dried in shaft dryer using air at 90°C the number of cfu (colony forming units) was reduced from 2.2 to 8.2 times. When active ventilation is applied, conditions favourable for the development of micromycetes remain longest in the upper layers of the mound. The airfl ow passing through the layer of damp grain inhibits the development of micromycetes, but an increase of comparative air fl ow for more than 500 m3·(t·h)-1 did not reduce the abundance of micromycete cfu. After drying Alternaria alternata, Fusarium avenaceum, F. culmorum, Penicillum verrucosum dominated in wheat grain; Aspergillus fl avus, Bipolaris sorokiniana, Fusarium chlamydosporum, F. culmorum, F. tricinctum in malts barley grain; Fusarium avenaceum, F. culmorum, F. tricinctum, Alternaria alternata in fodder barley grain. It has been determined that all micromycetes recorded on grain after drying are potential producers of toxic metabolites, i.e. are hazardous to human health.

19

Different drying technologies and alternation of mycobiots in the raw material of Hyssopus officinalis L.

61%

Raila A., Lugauskas A., Kemzuraite A., Zvicevicius E., Ragazinskiene O., Railiene M.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

2009

|

tom 16

|

nr 1

93-101

20

Application of ozone for reduction of mycological infection in wheat grain

61%

Raila A., Lugauskas A., Steponavicius D., Railiene M., Stepanoviciene A., Zvicevicius E.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

2006

|

tom 13

|

nr 2

In 2004-2005 means were sought to clean grain from microbiological contamination during transportation and storage. For this purpose, grains with a moisture content of 23.2% of the “Tauras” variety were selected and ventilated daily for 8 hours until grain wetness was reduced to 14.0%. The effect of ventilation duration and ozone impact was evaluated according to the changes in grain contamination with micromycetes propagules (cfu•g-1), and alternation of micromycetes species on the grain surface. At drying grains by active ventilation with an ozone – air mixture, at O3 concentration of 700 ppb, the drying period was reduced by about 20%, and mycological contamination depends on initial grain moisture content (w): when w=15.2%, contamination was reduced by up to 2.2 times, and when w=22.0% – up to 3 times. At the same time, the composition of micromycetes species on the grain surface changed significantly: in non-ventilated grain there were detected micromycetes of 26 species, and in ventilated grain – of 11 species. Efficient ozone impact was established only when the mound of wet (w > 18.0%) grains was exposed to ozone.

Ograniczanie wyników

Toxin producing micromycetes on fruit, berries, and vegetables

Improvement of Trichoderma viride biotic activity by copper sulfate introduction into soil

Trichoderma viride Pers. against pathogenic microorganisms of Dianthus L.

The occurrence of pathogenic fungi during flax growing season in Central Lithuania

Micromycetes, producers of toxins, detected on stored vegetables

Erysiphe flexuosa – the new pathogen of Aesculus hippocastanum in Lithuania

Toxic micromycetes in grain raw material during its processing

Presence of potential toxin producing micromycetes on fruit and berries

Problems of a longtime strawberry growing in one plot

Inactivation of fungi in vitro by photosensitization: preliminary results

Bacteria of the Pseudomonas migula genus on stored vegetables

Toxin producing micromycetes on imported products of plant origin

Airborne fungi in industrial environments - potential agents of respiratory diseases

Concentration and species diversity of airborne fungi near busy streets in Lithuanian urban area

Preventive measures reducing superficial mycobiotic contamination of grain

Verticillium spp. in the rhizosphere of pot plants

Enzymatic activities of Aspergillus fumigatus strains isolated from the air at waste landfills

Factors determining accumulation of mycotoxin producers in cereal grain during harvesting

Different drying technologies and alternation of mycobiots in the raw material of Hyssopus officinalis L.

Application of ozone for reduction of mycological infection in wheat grain