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The aim of the study was to record the occurrence several populations of Perccottus glenii from small drainage canals in wetland in Belarus (near Drohiczyn) and small Vistula oxbow lakes in Mazovia (Poland). Probably, populations of Perccottus glenii can eliminate larval and juvenile forms of local amphibians.
The EUROP classification system is based on visual assessment of beef carcass conformation and fatness. The aim was to test the accuracy of the trained and certified abattoir EUROP classifier in Poland relative to national assessors. The results of EUROP system, carried on the 3135 carcasses were analyzed. Assessments were performed in the same conditions on the slaughter line by four independent classifiers. On the basis of the results of beef carcasses evaluations statistical analysis were performed. The results showed that the repeatability and accuracy of the national senior assessors was good. The results of evaluations abattoir assessor are different in comparison to three national assessors (p<0.01). The results show, that fat subclasses are the largest predictors of the differences in EUROP evaluations. The results suggest that visual assessment of beef carcasses might not be objective and is biased with error evaluator.
Effects of excretions/secretions produced by larvae of Lucilia sericata on growth of poultry isolates Salmonella Enteritidis in vitro. Salmonella Enteritidis is a major serovar associated with food borne salmonellosis in humans. The increased level of antimicrobial resistance observed in Salmonella has become a public health concern. There is an urgent need for a new ge­neration of antibiotics. The antibacterial properties of secretions collected from larvae of Lucilia sericata were examined in vitro. Studies revealed antibacterial activity of the larval excretion/secretion. The aim of this work was to define antibac­terial potentials of maggot ES for the treatment of salmonellosis. In order to evaluate this, ES were screened for antibiotic properties against 10 pathogenic S. Enteritidis strains. The antibacterial activities of ES were tested using the agar well diffusion method and colony forming unit (CFU) assay. Based on the obtained results we can conc­lude that: (a) ES demonstrate bacteriostatic effect against Salmonella ,(b) the highest antibacterial activity was revealed at 250 mg/L.
Carbon dioxide is commonly used to anesthetize the bee queen during instrumental insemination. It can be used both during the insemination procedure, and also to speed up the start of oviposition of instrumentally inseminated queen bees. Anesthesia is not indifferent to the bees’ condition and is unable to reduce the queen latency period to a similar duration as in naturally mated queens. Aside from experiments on bee queens research on worker bees is also conducted because of costs reduction as well as the fact that adverse effects of anesthesia are more pronounced in worker bees than in queens. Therefore the aim of this study carried out on worker bees is to determine the influence of different atmospheric compositions during their awakening from anesthesia. The study was conducted in 2008 in the apiary of the Apiculture Division of the Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW. 3960 Carniolan bees at the age of 2 weeks were studied. All of the 10 bees placed in plastic mail cages were anaesthetized with carbon dioxide for 3 minutes and then awakened in a chamber with a controlled composition of the atmosphere. 33 repetitions were conducted, each of them included 6 groups of the following atmospheric compositions: 1. oxygen 100%; 2. nitrogen 100%; 3. oxygen/nitrogen 30%/70%; 4. oxygen/nitrogen 50%/50%; 5. oxygen/nitrogen 70%/30%; 6. control group, natural composition of atmospheric air. Awakening time was determined by first breathing movements observed and then upon their fully awakening. The awakening of bees after carbon dioxide anesthesia follows a different course in relation to the atmospheric composition during recovery. Awakening in a pure oxygen and pure nitrogen atmosphere significantly prolongs the time to the appearance of the first respiratory movements and the total time to full awakening of bees (in comparison to the control group). Awakening in an atmosphere composed of 70% of oxygen and 30% of nitrogen significantly reduces the time to the appearance of the first respiratory movements and the time of the full awakening of bees. The highest survival rate 14 days after awaking was found in group 5 (70% of oxygen and 30% of nitrogen). The shortest survival rate, (22 days), had bees that awakened in a pure nitrogen atmosphere.
In gastrointestinal system of four beavers from the Fish Farm Novosiolky (Belarus), we discovered some parasites identified as Platypsyllus castoris (Coleoptera) and Stichorchis subtriquetrus (Trematoda). Platypsyllus castoris was found only in adult Castor fiber, among them 14 to 32 individuals. In all beavers caught we found 87-652 individuals of trematoda.
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