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The study compares honey production in bee colonies with instrumentally inseminated and naturally mated queens. Poland has a special place in the world in terms of the numbers of instrumentally inseminated queens. Our country uses more of them than all other countries taken together. The dense distribution pattern of apiaries in Poland prevents any control over natural mating, while at the same time many bee-keepers who look for valuable breeding material decide to use instrumentally inseminated queens in their honey-making colonies. The cost of purchasing an instrumentally inseminated queen should be compensated by an increased productivity of the colony. The study was aimed at determining whether that was possible. The comparison was carried out at a large professional apiary in the season of 2008. Two comparison groups were created of 12 colonies each. Honey was harvested 3 times during the season. The average production of honey in the group with in-strumentally inseminated queens significantly exceeded average production in that with naturally mated queens.
The aim of work was to investigate influence amounts of brood on production of honey at four the bees' races used in Finland. It was compared also wintering and spring development during three years. There was not found the influence of races on winter fall and nosema paralysis. The winter food consumption was dependent on race: Central European race - 1.04 kg, Carniolan race - 1.06 kg, Italian - 1.26 kg and Buckfast - 1.34 kg. The spring development, measured the quantity of sealed brood was the lowest in Central European race (33.7 dm2, the highest in Buckfast (43.5 dm2). Central European race had the lowest honey production (33 kg). Races: Italian and Buckfast had similar honey production (38 kg), Carniolan race - 42 kg. The ratio of honey production to quantity of sealed brood was in Carniolan and Central European races identical (1.08 kg/dm2) and was higher than in Buckfast and Italian races (0.99 and 0.97 kg/dm2). There were not found statisticaly significant differences.
Quality of bee queens depends primarily on the age of the brood used to queen rearing. The best queens are obtaining by rearing from the eggs. The aim of the study was to investigate whether the unsealed brood presence in the rearing colonies affects eggs acceptance. To colonies rearing with the unsealed brood there were introduced eggs at the age of 0-18 hours, 24—12 hours and 48-66 hours. After three days the number of built queen cells was verified. When in the colonies was no longer open broods, eggs were introduced to those colonies again and after three days the number of built queen cells was checked. Rearing colonies with unsealed brood accepted 42% of eggs at the age of 0-18 hours, 40% of eggs at the age of 24—12 hours and 51% of eggs at the age of 48-66 hours. Colonies without an open brood accepted 31% of eggs at the age of 0-18 hours, 61% of eggs at the age of 24-42 hours and 78% of eggs at the age of 48-66 hours. It was found that the best accepted eggs were the oldest ones in colonies without unsealed brood.
The experiment was run in a stationary apiary, at Otrę-busy, Pruszków region in the spring of 2005. The trial involved nineteen honeybee colonies divided into two groups: group I - 10 honeybee colonies were fed candy mix made of pollen and honey; group II - 10 colonies fed honey-and-sugar candy. The development of colonies was assessed based on brood area measurements. The experiments furnished evidence that early spring feeding of honeybee colonies with a mix of powder suger and honey raised brood number in the colonies but generally when the bees were unable to forage for pollen. Later in the season, i.e. in April feeding with pollen - honey candy not failed so intensive to increase colony strength.
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