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Pityrosporum pachydermatis was isolated from 28% of the samples collected from clinically positive cases of dermatomycosis in dogs. In two cases Pityrosporum was isolated together with dermatophytes. The aim of the investigations was to determine a frequency of P. pachydermatis infections in dogs with dermatomycosis and to evaluate the drug resistance of the isolated strains. Samples collected from dogs were cultivated on Sabouraud agar with actidion for 3 weeks at 30°C. In additional, microscopic examinations were carried out. The inoculated plates were read for fungal growth in 3-5 day intervals. After 3-4 days of incubation, small colonies of P. pachydermatis were observed although the incubation temperature was lower than that optimal for P. pachydermatis growth. Drug sensitivity was determined by the disc method and by ATB-Fungus Bio-Merieux Kit. It was found out that P. pachydermatis may be the only causative agent of derma- tomycoses and that it may also be isolated together with other dermatophytes (Microsporum, Trichophyton). The isolates appeared to be significantly sensitive to imidazole, low sensitive to 5-fluorocytosine, imidazolederivatives and nystatin.
Цель работы состояла в определении MIC линкомицина содержащегося в противоспирохеточных препаpатах, для штаммов Treponema hyodysenteriae, изолированных в Польше, а также в оценке профилактической и лечебной эффективности Linco-Spectin в борьбе с дизентерией свиней (DS), MIC 90 линкомицина для Т. hyodysenteriae составлял 20 µг/мл. Linco-Spectin 100 применили 2-кратно профилактически в течение 7—10 дней в корме в дозе 5 мг/кг М.Т., что предотвращало у 1040 свиней заболевание DS, Linco-Spectin 100, употребленный для лечения в течение 7 дней в дозе 10 мг/кг м.т. на 2 фермах (1057 свиней), вызывал исчезновение клиничеемких симптомов через 24—48 часов. На этих фермах не наблюдалось возвращение болезни. Похожие результаты получили на 6 фермах у 3253 свиней, где лечили больных DS свиней препаратом Linco-Spectin 44 в дозе 88 ppm в корме 5 дней. При употреблении же метронидазола отмечали повторные заболевания в стаде. Хорошие результаты профилактического употребления метронидазола против DS получили при дозе 20 мг/кг м.т. после ввода в течение 7 очередных дней. MIC для метронидазола составлял 0,1—1,5 µг/мл. Через некоторые время на тех же самых формах MIC для метронидазола составлял уже 15 µг/мл. Доза 20 мг/кг м.т., употребляемая в лечении, не предотвращала повторных заболеваний DS в стаде. Ронидазол в дозах, рекомендуемых проузводителем, был не эффективен в борьбе с DS MIC 220 составлял 7,5 µг/мл. Результаты работы внушаают, что Linco-Spectin является эффективным средством для предотвращения и лечении дизентерии свиней в Польше.
The experiment was carried out on 20 piglets. The vaccine was being administered per os with fodder to 10 piglets at a dose of 3 ml (1.5 X 1010 ml-1) for 10 days. The number of E. coli in the faeces was determined in 5 piglets prior to and at day 5 and 10 in the course of vaccination and at day 5, 10 and 15 after the vaccination. In the next experiment in addition to the number of E. coli the numbers of Lactabacillus, Streptococcus and Staphylococcus-Micrococcus sp. were also determined. In this experiment the number of bacteria was counted prior to and at day 5 and 10 of the vaccination, and at day 10 after vaccination. At day 10 and 15 after the vaccina­tion there was observed a decrease of E. coli colonies. During and after vaccination an increase of Lactoba­cillus sp. was noticed. No differences in the number of Streptococcus or Staphylococcus-Micrococcus sp. were found in the control and experimental piglets.
The taxonomy of porcine intestinal spirochete isolates is defective, and thus it is of great interest to find methods suitable for use in differentiating pathogenic from nonpathogenic strains of this microorganism. The purpose of the present study was to establish properties suitable to differentiate porcine Serpulina isolates. Biochemical properties of 163 field isolates and reference strains isolated from dogs have been determined. In order to differentiate S. hyodysenteriae, S. hyodysenteriae biotype II and S. innocens it is necessary to use physiological tests (hemolysis) and biochemical tests (indole production, sugar fermentation, API ZYM) and serological tests (precipitation, microagglutination, to a lesser extent growth inhibition test) with specific cross absorbed antisera. All strains of S. hyodysenteriae were characterized by indole production, about 10% of the strains fermented fructose, but did not ferment mannitol and did not produce galactosidase and β-glucuronidase. Less than 50% of the strains of S. hyodysenteriae biotype II produced indole, not many fermented mannitol, all isolates produced phosphoamidase, while not many isolates produced α-galactosidase and β-glucuronidase. Strains of S. innocens were characterized by a lack of indole production, all fermented mannitol, not numerous produced phosphoamidase, all produced α-galactosidase and about 50 % of strains produced β-glucuronidase. Strains of S. hyodysenteriae and S. hyodysenteriae biotype II mostly belong to serotype two and they did not react with antisera for S. innocens. In order to improve routine laboratory diagnostics of swine dysentery the authors suggest performing tests for hemolytic activity, indole production, API ZYM test and, if possible, serological typing.
Microagglutination test (MA) for the detection of antibodies against Treponema hyodysenteriae was used to assess 783 sera collected from naturally infected pigs from different regions of Poland. It was found that sera from sows displayed high levels of antibodies (titers 128 or more). Similar titers were found in young pigs and less often in piglets. In addition, higher titers of the antibodies were observed in sera derived from pigs which had also antibodies against Leptospira sp. suggesting simultaneous infection of the animals with those two microorganisms. This conclusion was supported by the fact that there was not stated any cross reactivity between T. hyodysenteriae and Leptospira sp.
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