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The strain Aureobasidium pullulans A.p.-3 was subjected to mutagenesis to improve its ability to pullulan biosynthesis. The mutagenesis of 18-h old culture was carried out in two variants using ethylen imine (EI) and ultraviolet (UV) radiation at the EI concentration and UV exposure times of 2.0 mg/mL and 1.5 min (variant I), and 2.0 mg/mL and 2.0 min (variant II). Among 240 cultures examined, the positive mutants made 26% for variant I and 13% for variant II. Two best black mutants Dy-17 and Dx-30 synthesized the polysaccharide with the yields greater than those of parent strain by 24 and 21%, respectively. White mutant was also obtained, the pullulan yield for which was on the level as for strain A.p.-3, but free from melanin contaminants. Acquired characteristic of black mutants was found stable when re-examined after 3- and 6-month storage at 4°C. The kinetics of pullulan biosynthesis by black mutants indicated that the pullulan production was intensified beginning from the second day of culturing, as compared to strain A.p.-3.
Staphylococcus aureus is a very important pathogen in humans about 20%of all bacterial infections are caused by S. aureus. Because the staphylococcal sensitivity patterns have changed, the aim of this study was to investigate the current susceptibility of the S. aureus strains to 9 antibiotics: penicilin (P), amoxacillin / clavulanic acid (AMC), erythromycin (E), cortimoxazole (SXT), tetracycline (T), chloramphenicol (C), mupirocin (MUP), gentamicin (Ge) and vancomycin (Va). Susceptibility testing was performed by disc diffusion technique, by the procedure outlined by the National Committe for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS). Susceptibility to methicillin was determined using 5 µm methicillin disks, ß-lactamase production in the penicillin - resistant strains was detected with nitrocefin impregnated disk (Cefinase, BBL Microbiology system). The microbiological characteristics of the samples: 338 of the isolates were derived, from noses and the throaths 382 - from surgical wound secretions. The analysis of the results showed that most S. aureus strains (82,8%) are penicillin resistant and ß-lactamase producing 13,5% of all strains were methicillin - resistant. 16,5% - were erythromycin resistant; 3,2% - were cotrimoxazolc resistant; 51,4% - were mupirocin resistant; 20,6% - were gentamicin resistant. All of the strains were vancomycin sensitive.
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