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Torlińska T., Rutkowska D., Hryniewiecki T., Paluszak J.: In vivo effect of 2-deoxy-D-glucose on adenine nucleotide levels in the liver and skeletal muscle. Acta Physiol. Pol. 1990, 41 (7): 75-83. The present report indicates that 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) at a single dose causing reduction of Т„ has no influence on liver and skeletal muscle content of ATP, ADP and AMP, the ATP/ADP ratio, energy charge potential (ECP) and total adenine nucleotides (TAN). After administration of 2-DG for 3) successive days, the level of ATP, ATP/ADP ratio, the values of ECP and TAN are decreased both in the liver nad skeletal muscle. However, 72 hours after the last injection of 2-DG adenine nucleotide contents returned to the values observed in control group, indicating that the in vivo effect of this glucose analogue is fully reversible.
Torlińska T., Ożegowski S., Paluszak J., and Hryniewiecki T.: In vivo effect of 2-deoxy-D-glucose on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in the cytosol of liver, heart and skeletal muscle of rats. Acta Physiol. Pol. 1990, 41 (6): 137-143. 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), the unmetabolizable analogue of glucose induces a series of metabolic, hormonal and behavioral responses, causing cellular glucoprivation. According to in vitro studies, 2-DG inhibits phosphofructokinase in cultured human cells. The present investigations deal with changes in the cytosolic glucocse-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity following in vivo 2-DG administration. A single dose of 2-DG (600 mg/kg) has no influence on the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the cytosol of liver, heart and skeletal muscle of the rat. The concommitant increase in serum glucose, lactate and FFA concentrations observed in the study indicates indirectly a stimulation of adrenergic system. After three days of successive administration of 2-DG to rats, dehydrogenase activity decreased in the liver by approx 57% and in the skeletal muscle by approx 82% in comparison with control animals. Moreover the in vivo effect of 2-DG was found to be fully reversible, probably when the total amount of the inhibitor was excreted.
Environmental factors such as high fat content in a diet affect pro- and antioxidative balances in tissues. Our study was designed to determine whether a four-week diet enriched to a total of 15% fat content with either a polyunsaturated (linoleic) or saturated (palmitic) fatty acid predisposes or protects the liver tissue against oxidative stress in both non-diabetic and diabetic rats. In the rat liver the activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were determined. Our study suggests that both diets induce oxidative stress in livers of non-diabetic rats. However, in diabetic rats a diet enriched in linoleic acid appears to attenuate oxidative stress.
Torlińska, T., Malendowicz, L. K, Paluszak, J., Koźlik, J., Nowak, M., Nowak, K. W. and Godlewski, J.: The effect of 4-aminopyrazolo (3,4-d) pyrimidine (4-APP) on some parameters of carbohydrate metabolism in the rat. Acta physiol, pol., 1989, 40 (5-6): 530-534. The study was designed to evaluate some parameters of carbohydrate metabolism in the rat as influenced by 4-APP, an adenine analogue. Adult female rats were injected with 1 mg 4-APP /100 g body weight/ day for 3 days. 4-APP evoked a marked enlargement of the liver with lipid droplets accumulation in hepatocytes. This was accompanied by a marked lowering of the liver glycogen content. Within 3 days 4-APP did not change serum glucose, insulin and free fatty acid concentration. Serum glycogenolytic activity studied in an in vitro system showed 7 times as high glucose releasing ability in 4-APP treated rats as that of the serum of control animals. 4-APP resulted also in a marked enlargement of the adrenal medulla and lowered adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations in the gland. The possibility of an activation of glycogenolysis in the liver of 4-APP treated rats has been discussed.
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