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The reported study describes the separation of humic substances (HS) dissolved in surface waters into hydrophilic and hydrophobic fractions with the SPE method onto StrataX (Phenomenex) columns. The separated fractions were analyzed with the HPLC-C18 (Merck column) method for relative polarity of humic (HA) and fulvic (FA) acids in the samples. Analyses were carried out on samples collected from 7 lakes constituting two cascade systems located in the same catchment of the Ełk River. During HPLC assays, an effect of size exclusion (SE) was observed, especially for the hydrophilic fraction. The HPLC analyses enabled us to demonstrate that in both hydrological systems the hydrophilic fraction contained mainly molecules with molecular weights exceeding 1,000Da and of practically equal relative polarity. Only in system II (five lakes) was the hydrophobic fraction strongly diversified quantitatively as well as in terms of molecular weight and polarity between the samples. Results of analysis show that this system was subject to a strong anthropogenic impact.
The effect of the presence of allochthonous organic matter on variations of the UV/Vis range radiation absorption in the southern and northern parts of recultivated Kortowskie Lake in Olsztyn (Mazurian Lakeland, longitude 21°27’E, latitude 53°46’N) is presented in this paper. The southern, “experimental”, part of the lake was supplied with waters of four tributaries, of which the Potok Leśny has a share of around 98%. During the control closure of hypolimnion waters runoff, the role of tributaries, which change the optical properties of the surface layer in the southern part of the lake is revealed. In particular, an increase in the degree of absorption of photosynthetically active visible range electromagnetic radiation (PAR, 400-750 nm), which is a primary production restricting factor, was observed. It has also been found out that in the summer period, 250-280 nm range radiation is absorbed less intensely in the southern than in the northern part of this water body. Analyses of spectra confirmed a higher relative content of low molecular mass substances in the northern part of the lake, particularly in the second year after the pipeline’s closure. It has been proved that an application of the sum of absorption coefficients for relevant ranges of spectra, instead of absorption quantity with a particular wave length, facilitates the analysis of small but significant, from the ecological viewpoint, variations in the optical properties of surface waters.
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