Wyniki wyszukiwania

1

Why and what do we eat or brain-body metabolic games

100%

Konopka W.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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2019

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tom 79

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nr Suppl.1

Eating behavior of animals is controlled by neuronal circuits in the brain, mainly located within the hypothalamus. Hunger is induced by physiological signals, e.g., leptin, informing the brain about energy storages/ deficits in adipose tissue. Additionally, other non‑physiological factors may influence when and what we eat. Those factors include sensory cues of especially palatable food or are entrained by circadian rhythm. Regulation of activity of neurons involved in the control of feeding and metabolism is achieved on many levels of gene expression. We are especially interested in post-transcriptional level of protein translation regulated by microRNAs. These short RNAs serve as a guides for the translation‑inhibiting complex RISC. We have generated transgenic mice with a mutation of the Dicer gene restricted to forebrain neurons of adult mice. The Dicer nuclease is an essential enzyme in the biogenesis of microRNAs. Mice lacking the Dicer gene in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus developed an obesity phenotype due to increased feeding of regular chow diet. We have also examined how different diets – including the standard, high fat diet, Western diet and the ketogenic diet – influence microRNA levels in the blood and preference of mice towards consumed diet. Moreover, we tested cognitive performance of mice fed different diets.

2

Plonowanie pszenicy ozimej w zaleznosci od dawki rodzaju wypryskanej cieczy laczonej nawozowo-ochronnej

63%

Rogalski L., Konopka W.

Progress in Plant Protection

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2004

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tom 44

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nr 2

1047-1049

3

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Wybrane charakterystyki opryskiwania pszenicy w zależności od wartości dawki cieczy użytkowej

63%

Rogalski L., Konopka W.

Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych

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2002

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tom 486

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nr 2

Winter wheat was sprayed three times during the plant growth period with fertiliser, pesticide and fertiliser-pesticide liquids at four rates of 100, 200,300 and 400 dm³·ha⁻¹. Some wheat spraying characteristics such as: spray mass distribution, indices of technical and field dose utilisation as well as the balance of output of working liquid in relation to the rate were determined. In the light of obtained results the value of the liquid dose per ha did not have a significant influence on the transverse irregularity of spray mass distribution expressed by the variation coefficient. The increase of liquid rate from 100 to 400 dm³·ha⁻¹ significantly decreased the indices by 9.2 and 11.8% for utilisation of technical dose and field utilisation, respectively. The balance of the working liquid output, losses in the air (as a result of drift and evaporation) and falling on the soil amounted to 52.4%, whereas 47% of spray liquid settled on plants.

4

Bilansowanie rozchodu masy oprysku w łanie pszenicy w zależności od rodzaju cieczy użytkowej

63%

Rogalski L., Konopka W.

Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych

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2002

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tom 486

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nr 2

Winter wheat was sprayed three times during the plant growth period with fertiliser, pesticide and fertiliser-pesticide liquids. Some wheat spraying characteristics such as: spray mass distribution, indices of technical and field dose utilisation as well as the balance of output of working liquid in depending on the working liquid were determined. In the experiment working liquid did not have a significant influence on the transverse irregularity of spray mass distribution expressed by the variation coefficient. Significantly higher indices of technical and field dose utilisation were obtained with mixed fertiliser-pesticide spraying.

5

Rozchodowanie substancji biologicznie czynnych srodkow chemicznych stosowanych w opryskiwaniu pszenicy ozimej

63%

Rogalski L., Konopka W.

Biuletyn Naukowy. Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie

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2001

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nr 12

343-352

6

Body energy status in motivational studies

63%

Zglinicki B., Konopka W.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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2017

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tom 77

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nr Suppl.1

INTRODUCTION: Motivational experiments allow for assessing the inner drive of the subject to carry out a particular task. For this purpose the Skinner box is widely used. It allows the animal to acquire a conditional response, which can be used to measure the level of motivation. Adipose tissue is involved in maintaining body energy status. It secrets hormone leptin, which signals the brain about current fat storage. Thus, low level of plasma leptin elicits hunger and other responses of the organism related e.g. fertility. AIM(S): In the study we sought to establish a link between plasma leptin level and the level of motivation demonstrated by the animal. METHOD(S): Mice were trained in Skinner box to successfully acquire a conditional response. In addition all animals were calorie restricted (CR) prior to training, to improve performance. Afterwards mice were divided into 3 groups: group fasted for 6 h, group fasted for 24 h and group with CR. Last group of 6 was used as a control, where animals were fed ad libitum. Test was performed on all mice, in which overall lever press was counted during 20 minutes in the Skinner box. Second panel of animals was used to measure the actual plasma leptin level. Animals were sacrificed, blood plasma collected and leptin measurement was carried out using ELISA method. RESULTS: The highest level of motivation was observed in CR only group. Similar result was observed in a group that was fasted for 24 h. Surprisingly the group fasted for 6h only did not show significant differences from control animals. Motivation and plasma leptin level are negatively correlated in our study, with CR animals showing the lowest concentration of hormone. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that calorie restriction is the most crucial factor in controlling motivation level of the animal, compared to short lasting starvation periods. This might be explained by strongly decreasing level of leptin hormone in the animal, when CR is introduced.

7

Przydatnosc osadow sciekowych do rekultywacji zwalowisk kopalnianych

51%

Rogalski L., Janiszewski J., Bes A., Konopka W.

Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych

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2001

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tom 477

239-245

Na zwałowisku zewnętrznym nadkładu kopalnianego w odkrywkowym wydobyciu węgla brunatnego w Turoszowie przeprowadzono czteroletnie badania z zastosowaniem osadów ściekowych i mieszanki nasion roślin do rekultywacji gruntu zwałowego. Do rozlewu biomasy wykorzystano samolot PZL 106 „Kruk”. W badaniach laboratoryjnych określano skład chemiczny osadów ściekowych i gruntu zwałowego oraz przeprowadzono badania mikrobiologiczne. W okresie badań w obiekcie z aviohydroobsiewem liczba gatunków roślin zwiększyła się o 14, a zwarcie warstwy zielnej o 60%. W obiekcie kontrolnym natomiast odpowiednio o 13 gatunków i około 12%. Z roślin zastosowanych w mieszance rekultywacyjnej główną rolę odgrywała mieszanka traw z dominującym udziałem kostrzewy czerwonej. Porost roślinności i rozkład powstającej substancji organicznej zainicjował tworzenie się poziomu próchnicznego w gruncie zwałowym.

8

Zastosowanie metody aviohydroobsiewu do wylewu biomasy w pracach rekultywacyjnych

51%

Rogalski L., Janiszewski J., Konopka W., Bes A.

Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych

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2001

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tom 477

247-254

W oparciu o wyznaczone parametry lotu samolotu PZL 106 „Kruk” wyznaczono niektóre dane technologiczne oraz wydajności w pracach rekultywacji zwałowiska z nadkładu kopalnianego Kopalni Węgla Brunatnego „Turów”. Wielkość powierzchni pokrytej biomasą - uwodnione osady ściekowe z mieszanką nasion roślin, głównie traw - analizowano w zależności od czasu czynności załadunkowych na lądowisku, czasu cyklu lotnego i promienia dolotu do miejsca zrzutu biomasy. Zachodzące zależności przedstawiono równaniem regresji oraz współczynnikami korelacji wielokrotnej i determinacji. Stosując dwukrotny zrzut biomasy na tę samą powierzchnię w celu uzyskania 30 t·ha⁻¹, średnia wydajność dzienna wynosiła 1,34 ha.

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Up-regulation of mTOR signaling pathway in forebrain neurons leads to improvement of cognitive functions in pten knock-out mice

51%

Chwin N., Kiryk A., Zglinicki B., Konopka W.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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2017

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tom 77

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nr Suppl.1

INTRODUCTION: PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway plays important role in long-term synaptic plasticity and memory formation. In our studies describing the Dicer1 gene knock-out model we have shown that improved learning and memory phenotype in these mice was related to up-regulation of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway. In order to prove that the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway is crucial for observed phenotype we have generated Pten gene knock-out model in which this up-regulation is achieved by elevation of intracellular levels of phosphatidylinositide 3 in neurons. To examine cognitive functions in Pten model, we have used the IntelliCage system. AIM(S): The puropse of our research was to define the cognitive functions in Pten/CaMKCreERT2 mouse model. METHOD(S): Mouse model: We used Pten/CaMKCreERT2 mouse model in which up-regulation of mTOR activity was generated by mutation of Pten gene restricted to forebrain neurons induced by tamoxifen. Behavioral tests: Following induction of the mutation, Pten mutant mice and controls were tested in learning and memory test in the IntelliCage: a fully automated system for the behavioral assessment of mice that live in social groups. We measured spatial learning with appetitive reinforcement in place preference learning task. RESULTS: Life span: Long-term of PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway activity in the brain led to increased mutant mice mortality. Pten mutants were able to survive no longer than 13 weeks after the induction of mutation. Place learning in IntelliCage: In the IntelliCage, housing and testing occur in the same cage that is a familiar environment, thus creating a unique opportunity to test behavior for a long-term period in relatively low-stress conditions without handling or social isolation. Using the system, we were able to discover the better performance of Pten mutants in place learning task. Moreover, improved memory was detectable even 24 hours before the death. CONCLUSIONS: Pten/CaMKCreERT2 mice show enhanced memory of rewarded place compare to control littermates. In mutants show decreased life span.

10

Hyperphagic obesity in adult dicer CKO mice: the role of hypothalamic AgRP/NPY neurons

51%

Hajdukiewicz K., Stefaniuk M., Grinievich V., Konopka W.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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2017

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tom 77

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nr Suppl.1

INTRODUCTION: Obesity is a worldwide disease of complex etiology. The main appetite regulatory center is located within the brain, in the hypothalamus. A putative mechanism responsible for the obesity phenotype involves microRNA interplay between feeding regulatory elements of the hypothalamic AgRP/NPY-expressing, POMC-producing and probably other arcuate nucleus neurons. Dicer is a key enzyme in microRNA processing. In Dicer’s absence, there is a pronounced lack of mature microRNAs and a disturbed regulation of translation. AIM(S): We want to observe how massive, spatially and temporally defined, loss of microRNAs impacts metabolism and obesity outcome. METHOD(S): We injected rAAV-coding Cre recombinase under the AgRP specific promoter into the arcuate nucleus of mice with a Cre- dependent Dicer sequence. As NPY is a known appetite stimulator, to determine whether NPY is the key player in this phenotype, we induced Dicer loss in NPY knockout (KO) mice via Tamoxifen IP injections. RESULTS: Our preliminary data show that administration of AAV-AgRP- Cre construct leads to visible weight gain, correlated with increased food intake. This phenotypic effect is AAV‑dose‑dependent and is likely accompanied by an imbalance between anorexygenic and orexigenic neuropeptide levels. However, NPY KO mice with massive microRNA loss gradually put on weight, though with different kinetics as compared to Dicer CKO mice. CONCLUSIONS: Our approach demonstrates that microRNA loss in a subpopulation of arcuate nucleus neurons has a very pronounced effect on the central regulation of metabolism, expressed by weight gain as well as hyperphagy. Moreover, it is likely the mechanism involves an extensive system of complex relationships because loss of single-gene coding of the main orexigenic neuropeptide (NPY) does not inhibit weight gain. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism underlying this phenomenon has not yet been elucidated.

11

Zmiany w strukturze zasiewów w województwie podlaskim w latach 1999-2008

45%

Borusiewicz A., Konopka W., Roman K., Sienkiewicz J., Baryla R.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Wyższa Szkoła Agrobiznesu w Łomży

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2010

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nr 46

12

Wystepowanie chorob grzybowych rzepaku ozimego w rejonie Zulaw Gdanskich [1987-1992]

45%

Lewartowska E., Jedryczka M., Frencel I., Gorski P., Konopka W.

Materiały ... Sesji Naukowej Instytutu Ochrony Roślin

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1993

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tom 33

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nr 2

156-161

13

Rozmieszczenie preparatow ochrony roslin w lanie pszenicy w zaleznosci od wzrastajacych dawek cieczy uzytkowej

45%

Rogalski L., Marozas J., Konopka W., Bruderek A., Sikorska B.

Progress in Plant Protection

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2000

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tom 40

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nr 2

867-870

14

Up-regulation of PI3K‑Akt‑mTOR signaling pathway in neurons affects cognitive functions and social interactions in a mouse model

45%

Chwin N., Kiryk A., Bijoch L., Hamed A., Konopka W.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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2019

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tom 79

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nr Suppl.1

INTRODUCTION: The PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway plays an important role in neuronal plasticity. In normal conditions, activity of this pathway is controlled by Pten phosphatase. AIM(S): We showed that loss of Pten gene in neurons evoked long-term up-regulation of PI3K-Akt-mTOR and temporarily improved learning and memory in mouse models. Moreover, we observed changes in mice vocalization during social interaction and in cellular physiology during electrophysiological recordings. METHOD(S): Mice model: Inactivation of Pten gene was investigated in 2 models: Pten/CaMKCreERT2, and Pten‑flox injected by AAV vectors. The mutation was restricted to forebrain and hippocampal neurons, respectively. Behavioral testing: Both models and respective controls were tested in a learning and memory test in IntelliCage. We measured spatial learning with appetitive behaviors. We also measured the ability to associate an aversive stimulus in the Contextual Fear Conditioning and social interaction in the Three Chamber Sociability and Social Novelty. Life span: Long‑term activity of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway led to increased mortality of Pten/CaMKCreERT2 mutants. RESULTS: IntelliCage: We discovered better performance of Pten/CaMKCreERT2 mutants in the PL task. The memory improvement lasted to even 24 hours before the death. FC task: Mice developed stronger aversive memory than controls, manifested as increased freezing behavior. Both mutant models showed improved cognitive functions, and Pten/CaMKCreERT2 mice showed a decrease life span. CONCLUSIONS: Pten-flox-AAV mice developed enhanced contextual fear memory before neurodegeneration in hippocampus occurred and Pten-flox-AAV mice had intensified vocalizations with disturbed sound architecture in social interactions.

15

The role of hippocampal PML in transgenic mouse circadian rhythm

45%

Olech-Kochanczyk G., Kiryk-Jaskiewicz A., Domanskyi A., Konopka W., Wilczynski G. M.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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2017

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tom 77

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nr Suppl.1

INTRODUCTION: Circadian clock is an evolutionarily well-conserved mechanisms in higher organisms. PML protein implicated in many important biological processes (response to DNA damage, cell division control) influences also circadian rhythm by regulating nuclear localization of Per2, a significant positive regulator of the clock transcriptional mechanisms. AIM(S): Our aim is to explain how overexpression or knock‑out of PML affect the oscillations of levels of proteins involved in circadian rhythm in hippocampus. METHOD(S): We generated transgenic mouse models with overexpression or knock-out of PML gene that are induced in specific time and location in brain. The project consists of two tasks: 1) generation of transgenic animals with overexpression of PML gene using AAV vectors encoding PML and mCherry reporter gene, and 2) generation of transgenic animals with knock-out of PML gene using AAV vectors encoding PML gene-targeting gRNAs and Cas9 (CRISPR/Cas9 system). RESULTS: We generated AAV vectors with PML-mCherry and microinjected them into the hippocampus of mice that were subject to behavioral tests (in the IntelliCage system). AAV PML-mCherry mice showed impairment in circadian activity 45 days after surgery and displayed proper spatial learning of cage corners with appetitive reinforcement and slower re-learning process. Next, we designed gRNAs for PML exon I and II and generated plasmid vectors containing gRNAs for the PML gene and tdTomato reporter. Using both these vectors and vectors containing Cas9 endonuclease fused with GFP reporter we transfected NIH 3T3 cells to induce PML gene knock-out in vitro. Next, using T7E1 endonuclease we confirmed that knock-out of PML works. Afterwards, we generated AAV vectors encoding PML gene-targeting gRNAs and Cas9 endonuclease. Both vectors were injected into the hippocampus. CONCLUSIONS: Thus far research on PML function in the circadian rhythm was usually performed in vitro. Our tools enable us to study the role of PML in mammalian molecular clock mechanisms in vivo.

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Inducible gene expression in rat neurons

39%

Konopka W., Duniec K., Owczarek D., Wawrzyniak M., Mioduszewska B., Maleszewski M., Kaczamrek L.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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2005

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tom 65

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nr 3

17

Neurogenesis and behavioral strategies in ICER overexpressing rats

33%

Klejman A., Janusz A., Kiryk-Jaskiewicz A., Gorlewicz A., Bieganska K., Jedynak P., Kaczmarek L., Konopka W.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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2019

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tom 79

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nr Suppl.1

INTRODUCTION: ICER (Inducible cAMP Early Repressor) is an effective endogenous repressor of CREB/ CREM/ATF transcription factors family, including its own expression. We have developed a Syn‑Flag‑ICER II transgenic rat line. In transgenic animals, we have surprisingly detected increased levels of mRNA for CREB or CREM transcription factors. We have also detected upregulation of CREB dependent miR‑132. Nerogenesis is a process of generation and maturation of newborn neurons into neuronal networks in the developing brain. We have found that ICER II overexpressing rats showed reduced hippocampal adult neurogenesis. The number of the SGZ BrdU positive cells was similar, but in the mature granular neurons layer, the number of BrdU positive cells was decreased when compared to control animals. One of the crucial elements enabling the incorporation of newborn neurons into neuronal network of the brain is the active reorganization of the extracellular matrix mostly by action of metalloproteinases. The most known for its activity in the brain is matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), which is also one of the known targets of miR‑132. We have examined MMP-9 activity in the ICER overexpressing rat brain lysates, and we observed decreased activity of MMP‑9 in ICER mutants as compared to WT controls. RESULTS: We have also found that ICER rats with affected neurogenesis employ different learning strategies than their control littermates in the Morris Water Maze learning paradigm. The results of this behavioral tests indicate that transgenic rats didn’t differ from controls in their learning and memory capabilities, but they showed differences in strategies of finding the hidden platform. Male ICER rats more often were choosing imprecise strategies to find the platform than control males. CONCLUSIONS: Those results demonstrate that disruption of CREB dependent gene expression in neurons by overexpression of ICER affects adult neurogenesis and causes changes that affect discrete aspects of animal cognitive behavior.

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Manipulation of CREB related gene expression in neurons influences adult neurogenesis and morris water maze strategies

33%

Janusz A., Klejman A., Kiryk-Jaskiewicz A., Gorlewicz A., Bieganska K., Jedynak P., Kaczmarek L., Konopka W.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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2017

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tom 77

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nr Suppl.1

INTRODUCTION: Active reorganization of extracellular matrix in the brain allows for growth of neuronal dendrites and axons which guarantees successful incorporation of new born neurons into neuronal network during adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus. Activity of surrounding neurons may affect adult neurogenesis. AIM(S): In order to test whether manipulation of CREB dependent gene expression in neurons and hence their activity will influence adult neurogenesis we have developed the Syn-Flag-ICER II transgenic rat line. The ICER (Inducible cAMP Early Repressor) is effective endogenous repressor of CREB/CREM/ATF transcription factors family. METHOD(S): BrdU labeling to asses a level of adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus qPCR for changes in transcription of CREB/CREM and related genes gelatin zymography to measure MMP9 activity Morris Water Maze spatial learning tests Patch Clamp RESULTS: ICER II overexpressing rats showed diminished hippocampal neurogenesis. We have observed a reduced number of mature BrdU positive cells in granular zone of hippocampus of transgenic rats, in comparison to control group. We have observed also that neurons of dentate gyrus demonstrate increased excitability. Paradoxically, we have detected increased levels of mRNA for CREB or CREM factors. Also CREB dependent miR-132 expression was upregulated in transgenic rats, which regulates expression of MMP-9 – extracellular matrix metalloproteinase. We have found the decreased activity of MMP9 in ICER overexpressing rats. Morris Water Maze tests didn’t show overall differences in rats learning and memory capabilities, however male ICER rats chose more often imprecise strategies to find hidden platform than control males. CONCLUSIONS: Obtained results indicate that CREB dependent gene expression in neurons regulates a set of genes e.g. miR-132 that may in turn regulate translation of proteins involved in remodeling of extracellular matrix and affect adult neurogenesis, what changes discrete aspects of animal cognitive behavior.

Ograniczanie wyników

Why and what do we eat or brain-body metabolic games

Plonowanie pszenicy ozimej w zaleznosci od dawki rodzaju wypryskanej cieczy laczonej nawozowo-ochronnej

Wybrane charakterystyki opryskiwania pszenicy w zależności od wartości dawki cieczy użytkowej

Bilansowanie rozchodu masy oprysku w łanie pszenicy w zależności od rodzaju cieczy użytkowej

Rozchodowanie substancji biologicznie czynnych srodkow chemicznych stosowanych w opryskiwaniu pszenicy ozimej

Body energy status in motivational studies

Przydatnosc osadow sciekowych do rekultywacji zwalowisk kopalnianych

Zastosowanie metody aviohydroobsiewu do wylewu biomasy w pracach rekultywacyjnych

Up-regulation of mTOR signaling pathway in forebrain neurons leads to improvement of cognitive functions in pten knock-out mice

Hyperphagic obesity in adult dicer CKO mice: the role of hypothalamic AgRP/NPY neurons

Zmiany w strukturze zasiewów w województwie podlaskim w latach 1999-2008

Wystepowanie chorob grzybowych rzepaku ozimego w rejonie Zulaw Gdanskich [1987-1992]

Rozmieszczenie preparatow ochrony roslin w lanie pszenicy w zaleznosci od wzrastajacych dawek cieczy uzytkowej

Up-regulation of PI3K‑Akt‑mTOR signaling pathway in neurons affects cognitive functions and social interactions in a mouse model

The role of hippocampal PML in transgenic mouse circadian rhythm

Inducible gene expression in rat neurons

Neurogenesis and behavioral strategies in ICER overexpressing rats

Manipulation of CREB related gene expression in neurons influences adult neurogenesis and morris water maze strategies