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Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) is a rose and stone fruit tree pathogen. Three different PNRSV isolates, originating from three rose cultivars were studied. These PNRSV isolates were characterized using molecular techniques. Nearly the complete nucleotide sequence (1,630 nucleotides) of RNA3 of the isolate PNRSV-R1 has been determined (GenBank Acc. No. DQ003584). The sequence of the MP gene of the PNRSV-R1 isolate was determined, the first such results for a rose-derived PNRSV isolate. The reaction of PNRSV infection on test plants was also investigated. Cucumis sativus cv. Wisconsin, Cucurbita maxima cv. Buttercup and Cucurbita pepo cv. Melonowa Żółta appeared to be the most useful test plants for the differentiation of isolate-specific pathogenicity.
We have obtained and described the nucleotide sequences corresponding to ilarvirus Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV] coat protein (CP) gene in eleven Polish isolates, from different Prunus and Rosa species and four isolates provided in plant material from Australia, Hungary and Italy. Virus identification was possible using specific primers allowed amplifying the 700 bp amplicon of coat protein gene. The product was obtained used IC-RT-PCR. The results indicated no association between the host species or the geographic origin and the PNRSV CP sequence specificity. The CP gene nucleotide sequence of studied isolates allowed for clustering them into the previously reported PV32-I, PV96-II and PE5-III phylogroups.
W latach 2004-2006, w Katedrze Fitopatologii SGGW w Warszawie wykonano badania dotyczące wpływu PNRSV na rozwój krzewów i jakość kwiatów trzech wybranych odmian róż gruntowych: ‘Ingrid Bergman’, ‘Mr Lincoln’ oraz ‘Queen Elizabeth’. Ustalono, że porażenie wirusem spowodowało skrócenie pędów kwiatowych, kwiatów oraz płatków korony. Obniżeniu uległa także świeża i sucha masa kwiatów, średnica kwiatów i pędów kwiatowych. Na liściach róż odmian ‘Ingrid Bergman’, ‘Mr Lincoln’ oraz ‘Queen Elizabeth’ inokulowanych PNRSV wystąpiły objawy o różnej intensywności: chlorotyczne lub żółte wzory liniowe bądź chlorotyczna plamistość pierścieniowa w okresie od maja do listopada. U chorych róż odmian ‘Ingrid Bergman’ i ‘Mr Lincoln’ obserwowano objawy na kwiatach. Były one zniekształcone, a płatki korony w centralnej części kwiatu zagęszczone. Średnica kwiatów uległa zmniejszeniu. Porażenie PNRSV powodowało wcześniejsze kwitnienie roślin. Ustalono różnice w zawartości procyjanidyn w płatkach korony badanych odmian róż porażonych wirusem.
Prune dwarf virus (PDV), a worldwide pathogen of stone fruit trees, has many isolates with different biological, serological and molecular properties. Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to the Prunus mahaleb isolate of PDV were used to investigate the serological variability of virus isolates, by TAS-ELISA (triple antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). The twenty-two PDV isolates from Germany (1), Italy (7), Poland (13) and the USA (1) were characterised against eight single MAbs. The virus showed high serological variability. Analysis of the MAbs reaction allowed for the identification of 13 serogroups.
The problems in the cultivation of highbush blueberry and cranberry are diseases caused by infections factor, particularly by fungi and lately also by viruses. In the years 2008–2010 research concerning the detection and identification of viruses occurring on production plantations of the highbush blueberry located in the central and southeastern Poland and the cranberry growing on the separate parts of the plantation in the central Poland using the serological ELISA test and PCR technique were performed. The results of the performed serological ELISA test showed the presence on the bushes of various cultivars of the Blueberry shoestring virus (BSSV) and Peach rosette mosaic virus (PRMV) (central and south-eastern Poland) and the Blueberry scorch virus (BlScV) and Tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV) (central Poland). During the observations carried out on the plantings of the highbush blueberry only the symptoms characteristic for the infection with the BlScV were noted (central Poland). This virus was also detected using DASELISA test in the cranberry plants growing in the separate parts of plantations in the central region of Poland (Plantation A/W), which did not show any disease symptoms. In Europe it is the first report on the occurrence of BlScV in the cranberry bushes. What is more, it was established that the viruses can be detected in the leaves, the flowers and the phloem + periderm + cortex parenchyma samples in which the investigations could be performed in various months in the year. In the bushes of the blueberry of the Darrow and Herbert cultivars from Plantation A/W (central Poland) showing the symptoms in the form of red spots on the leaves or red spots and rings on the stems the presence of the Blueberry red ringspot virus (BRRSV) was confirmed using the PCR technique. In Poland it is the first report concerning the occurrence of the virus in the bushes of the highbush blueberry following those published in the Czech Republic and Slovakia.
The aim of this work was the detection and identification of blueberry viruses in different blueberry cultivars grown in the central and south-east parts of Poland. The plant materials were analyzed by serological ELISA test. Blueberry scorch virus (BlScV), Blueberry shoestring virus (BSSV), Peach rosette mosaic virus (PRMV) and Tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV) were detected. Bundles of viruslike particles were observed in cytoplasm of BlScV infected material. The size of the particles was about 85 nm or more in length × 14 nm in diameter. The primer set RRSV3/RRSV4, which amplifies the fragment of the transcriptional activator gene was used in PCR for BRRSV detection. Sequencing analysis of the amplified products revealed 93–96% nucleotide sequence homology with the BRRSV-NJ putative transcriptional activator gene from the GenBank (Accession No. AF404509).
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