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The purpose of the work was to determine the level of acetone simultaneously in the blood and milk at the starting period of lactation, ie between 2 and 6 weeks after parturition. The concentrations of acetone in the blood and milk were closely correlated and the index of correlation was very high (r = 0.960). A mean level of acetone in milk was on an average lower at 39% compared with that in blood. In the group under study the individuals with the level of acetone in the blood and milk over 250 and 170 µmol/1 respectively constituted 42.5% of the animals.
выраженном уровнем гамма-глобулинов в их крови и иммуноглобулинов в молозиве. Исследования проводили 2 очередных года на 120 коровах и 20 высокобеременных телках, а также на их потомстве. Животные из подопытных групп получали индивидуально сульфат цинка к корму в количестве 3 г в сутки, т.е. 680 мг ++2п в течение 7 недель до ожидаемых родов. Показали, что добавка сульфата цинка к корму беременным коровам увеличивала средний вес тела новорожденных телят, улучшала витальность и понижала смертельность, вызванную расстройствами пищеварительного тракта в период первых 14 дней жизни. Добавка сульфата цинка к корму повлияла также благоприятно на обилие в молозиве у матерей и в сыворотке крови новорожденных телят гамма-глобулинов, каротинов, цинка и магния. Цель работы состояла в обнаружении, находит ли насыщение высокобеременных коров сульфатом цинка свое отражение в уровне иммунизации телят.
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63%
An effect of zinc sulfate addition to the feed ration on the level of carotens in blood serum and of vitamin A in the liver as well as on the course of pododermatitis in cattle was investigated. Supplementing the feed ration with zinc sulfate limited the occurrence of new pododermatitis and paronychia bovum cases in the examined herd. It produced a beneficial effect on the course of these changes in the digits. A relationship between the levels of carotens in blood serum and vitaminum A in the bovine liver and therapeutic effects on the presented digit diseases was found.
The objective of the studies was to determine if colostrum diluted with electrolytes may affecct extensiveness and intensity of parasitism in calves. The studies were done on 35 calves (20 in experimental and 15 in control group) of a mean body weight at calving 35 kg. The animals from the experimental group were fed for the first 10 days of life colostrum diluted (1:1) with the electrolyte-nutritive mixture containing in 1 1 of water glucose 20 g, glycine 10 g, sodium acidic carbonate 5 g, natrium chloride 5 g. Control animals were fed colostrum only. All calves were coproscopically examined for cryptosporidia between 7 and 10 day of life. The extensiveness and intensity of invasion diminished in the experimental group as a result of 50% decrease of nutrient components (fat, proteins, lactose) in colostrum.
The objective of the work was to establish the relationships between the level of colostral immunity and degree of invasion caused by Cryptosporidia in calves. The studies were done on 155 calvse, 5—10 days old in 38 cowsheds and farms situated in one voivodeship. One of the cowsheds realizing the program of calves colostral feeding served as a standard. The Pfeiffer test was used to evaluate consumption of colostrum of a high content of antibodies. It was assumed that one dilution of 14% sodium sulfite corresponds to 15 g of immunoglobulins/L. The presence of Cryptosporidia in feces was examined by the method of Heine. It was found that extensiveness of Cryptosporidial invasion decreased significantly in calves fed an appropriate amount of a high quality colostrum. Increased also a negative relationship between the intensity of parasitic invasion and a good colostral feeding.
The influence of time in the storage of blood samples at from 0°C to 5°C on the parameters of acid-basic balance, i.e. pH, pCO₂ and act ∙ HCO₃ — in the blood of 47 samples, collected at random from cows, was assessed. The determinations of pH and pCO₂ were done twice. First after 3 hour transportation in a cool box and later after 21 hour storage in a refrigerator at 5°C. No statistically significant differences were found. The findings indicate that under proper conditions the above parameters can be performed up to 24 hours since the collection of blood samples.
The described method is based on acetone reaction with salicylaldehyde and is applied for the determination of acetone in milk. In this aim 1 ml of milk is added to 3 ml of the reactive mixture (potassium hydroxide plus concentrated salicylaldehyde) and left at room temperature for 90 min. The intensity of orange colour corresponds to the level of acetone in milk. The concentration of acetone in milk samples with negative reactions was 42 umol/1, while positive reactions corresponded to 149, 370 and 1169 umol/1 respectively. By means of the test 2910 samples of milk were examined of which 179 showed positive reactions. In this group 67% was evaluated clinically as suspected ketosis (+), 22% as subclinicail ketosis (++) and 11% as a clinical form of ketosis (+ + + ). The test under study appeared to be useful as a screening test and should be applied in practice.
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