Wyniki wyszukiwania

1

Economic growth, energy intensity, and carbon dioxide emissions in China

100%

Naminse E. Y., Zhuang J.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2018

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tom 27

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nr 5

With China’s rapid economic growth over the past three decades, the emission of greenhouse gases (GHG) has become more serious to the environment, with debilitating effects on both flora and fauna. This paper mainly investigates the relationship among economic growth, energy intensity, and CO₂ emission in China using static and dynamic regressions, Granger causality, and impulse response function. The results show that by comparing the values of different energy intensities, coal consumption is the highest with mean value of 4.296, which is followed by oil (0.817), electricity (0.226), and gas (0.098). Thus, China’s heavy reliance on coal consumption is possibly a dominant cause for the increase in carbon dioxide emissions. The results also indicate that CO₂ emissions have an inverted U-shaped link with per capita income, and this supports the existence of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis in China. Furthermore, economic growth has a bidirectional relationship with coal energy consumption, while coal consumption also has a bidirectional link with CO₂ emissions. Based on the findings, we suggest that environmental technologies should be improved through efficiency-enhancing strategies to reduce CO₂ emissions. Finally, China’s Ministry of Environmental Protection should strictly enforce existing laws and regulations on the environment, and also encourage a shift from the use of fossil fuels to clean energy sources such as ethanol gas, as well as promote the use of eco-friendly vehicles such as electric cars and motors.

2

Trihelix family transcription factors in tea plant (Camellia sinensis): identification, classification, and expression profiles response to abiotic stress

71%

Li H., Huang W., Liu Z.-W., Wu Z.-J., Zhuang J.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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2017

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tom 39

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nr 10

3

Discovery and expression assessment of the AP2-like genes in Hordeum vulgare

71%

Zhuang J., Anyia A., Vidmar J., Xiong A. S., Zhang J.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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2011

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tom 33

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nr 5

Barley is a cereal grain derived from annual grass. In modern agriculture, barley plays a significant role as feedstock for feed, malt and food. During its life cycle, as do most plants, barley faces numerous external challenges from the environment. Both biotic and abiotic stresses decrease the growth, yield and cultivation area of barley. Plants have to respond to biotic and abiotic stresses and environmental stimuli during their growth and developmental period. Transcriptional factors play essential roles in the process. In this article, we surveyed and comparatively analyzed AP2-like genes from H. vulgare. A total of 53 AP2-like genes were identified from a database of 480,830 records for H. vulgare-expressed sequence tags. Based on the number of AP2/ERF domains and putative gene functions, the AP2/ERF transcription factors from H. vulgare were classified into four subfamilies and a soloist. cDNA and deduced amino acid sequence, composition, physical and chemical characterization, conserved domain sequences and function domain were investigated, and phylogenetic tree was generated. Using the available EST information as a source of expression profile, those AP2-like genes from barley were detected in ten different tissues.

4

Test studies of the resistance and seakeeping performance of a trimaran planing hull

71%

Ma W., Sun H., Sun H., Zou J., Zhuang J.

Polish Maritime Research

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2015

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tom 22

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nr 1

Towing tank tests in calm water were performed on a trimaran planing hull to verify its navigational properties with different displacements and centres of gravity, as well as to assess the effects of air jets and bilge keels on the hull’s planing capabilities, and to increase the longitudinal stability of the hull. Hydrostatic roll tests, zero speed tests, and sea trials in the presence of regular waves were conducted to investigate the hull’s seakeeping ability. The test results indicate that the influence of the location of the centre of gravity on the hull resistance is similar to that of a normal trimaran planing hull; namely, moving the centre of gravity backward will reduce the resistance but lower the stability. Bilge keels improve the longitudinal stability but slightly affect the resistance, and the presence of air jets in the hull’s channels decreases the trim angle and increases heaving but has little effect on the resistance. Frequent small-angle rolling occurs in waves. The heaving and pitching motions peak at the encounter frequency of , and the peaks increase with velocity and move towards greater encounter frequencies. When the encounter frequency exceeds, the hull motion decreases, which leads to changes in the navigation speed and frequency

5

How soil bacterial communities with seasonal variation respond differently to long-term fertilization and plastic film mulching

61%

Farmer J., Schaeffer S., Zhang B., An T., Pei J., Zhuang J., Wang J.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2018

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tom 27

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nr 4

Although the fertilization effect on soil microbial communities have been studied extensively, its influence combined with plastic-film mulching on seasonal variations of bacterial communities remains unknown. High throughput sequencing was used to explore seasonal bacterial communities in a longterm fertilization experiment that commenced in 1987. Non-fertilization and the application of manure combined with nitrogen fertilization significantly (P<0.05) increased bacterial abundance at phylum level without film mulching in July and with film mulching in October. Also, the relative abundance of dominant bacterial groups in October exceeded those in July. Nitrogen fertilization (N) significantly (P<0.05) decreased soil bacterial diversity and richness with or without film mulching compared to nonfertilization controls during July and October. Plastic film mulching and long-term manure fertilization significantly (P<0.05) increased bacterial diversity and richness as well as the relative abundance of dominant bacterial groups. Statistical analysis revealed that soil pH was the main driving force influencing bacterial groups. In conclusion, our results highlight the relative importance of long-term application of manure fertilization and plastic film mulching on seasonal variations of bacterial diversity and structure. This finding also highlights the relevance of soil pH as the main deterministic abiotic factor for soil bacterial community structure regardless of film mulching.

6

Motion control and collision avoidance algorithms for unmanned surface vehicle swarm in practical maritime environment

61%

Zhuang J., Zhang L., Qin Z., Sun H., Wang B., Cao J.

Polish Maritime Research

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2019

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tom 26

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nr 1

The issue of controlling a swarm of autonomous unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) in a practical maritime environment is studied in this paper. A hierarchical control framework associated with control algorithms for the USV swarm is proposed. In order to implement the distributed control of the autonomous swarm, the control framework is divided into three task layers. The first layer is the tele-operated task layer, which delivers the human operator’s command to the remote USV swarm. The second layer deals with autonomous tasks (i.e. swarm dispersion, or avoidance of obstacles and/or inner-USV collisions), which are defined by specific mathematical functions. The third layer is the control allocation layer, in which the control inputs are designed by applying the sliding mode control method. The motion controller is proved asymptotically stable by using the Lyapunov method. Numerical simulation of USV swarm motion is used to verify the effectiveness of the control framework

7

Motion prediction of catamaran with a semi-submersible bow in wave

61%

Sun H., Jing F., Jiang Y., Zou J., Zhuang J., Ma W.

Polish Maritime Research

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2016

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tom 23

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nr 1

Compared with standard vessels, a slender catamaran with a semi-submerged bow (SSB) demonstrates superior seakeeping performance. To predict the motion of an SSB catamaran, computational fluid dynamics methods are adopted in this study and results are validated through small-scale model tests. The pitch, heave, and vertical acceleration are calculated at various wavelengths and speeds. Based on the overset grid and motion region methods, this study obtains the motion responses of an SSB catamaran in regular head waves. The results of the numerical studies are validated with the experimental data and show that the overset grid method is more accurate in predicting the motion of an SSB catamaran; the errors can be controlled within 20%. The movement data in regular waves shows that at a constant speed, the motion response initially increases and then decreases with increasing wavelength. This motion response peak is due to the encountering frequency being close to the natural frequency. Under identical sea conditions, the motion response increases with the increasing Froude number. The motion prediction results, that derive from a shortterm irregular sea state, show that there is an optimal speed range that can effectively reduce the amplitude of motion

Ograniczanie wyników

Economic growth, energy intensity, and carbon dioxide emissions in China

Trihelix family transcription factors in tea plant (Camellia sinensis): identification, classification, and expression profiles response to abiotic stress

Discovery and expression assessment of the AP2-like genes in Hordeum vulgare

Test studies of the resistance and seakeeping performance of a trimaran planing hull

How soil bacterial communities with seasonal variation respond differently to long-term fertilization and plastic film mulching

Motion control and collision avoidance algorithms for unmanned surface vehicle swarm in practical maritime environment

Motion prediction of catamaran with a semi-submersible bow in wave