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New data on distribution and biology of rare tanytarsine chironomids in Poland are presented. Tanytarsus recurvatus BRUNDIN, 1947 and Parapsectra mendli REISS, 1983 are recorded in Poland for the first time and Stempellina almi BRUNDIN, 1947, so far known for doubtful record, is confirmed. New records from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Norway, Sweden and Ukraine are also provided.
Interactions between swarming Chironomidae and insectivorous Ceratopogonidae were observed in the field. Chironomid males of the genera Natarsia FlTTKAU, Polypedilum KlEFFER, Parachironomus LENZ, Cladotanytarsus KlEFFER, Paratanytarsus THIENEMANN et BAUSE and Tanytarsus WULP were attacked by females of Sphaeromias CURTIS, Probezzia KlEFFER, Palpomyia Meigen and Nilobezzia KlEFFER. Detailed description of egg laying in Probezzia seminigra (PANZER) is given. The genus Nilobezzia (Ceratopogonidae) and Tanytarsus verralli GOETGHEBUER (Chironomidae) are recorded in Poland for the first time.
Stempellina tervolae sp. nov. from Finland and Sweden is described and illustrated. A verified diagnosis of the genus Stempellina Thienemann et Bause, 1913 is presented and the systematic position discussed. Two species are removed from Stempellina and placed into the genus Neozavrelia Goetghebuer, 1941 as new combinations: N. bicoliocula (Tokunaga, 1938) and N. okadai (Tokunaga, 1939). Diagnoses for adult males of European species and a key are also given.
24 species of horse flies (Diptera: Tabanidae) are reported from Wyskok near Węgorzewo in the Masurian Lakelands. The dominant species were Hybomitra ciureai, H. muehlfeldi and Haematopota pluvialis.
Diversity of the Tanytarsini chironomids (Diptera: Chironomidae) collected on the Żarnowieckie Lake (northern Poland) in the early 1980s and in 2008–2009 was compared. The analysis demonstrated a significant impoverishment of the Żarnowieckie chironomid fauna. Within less than 30 years, the number of Tanytarsini species dropped from 21 to 14, and the fauna became dominated by common eurytopic species Cladotanytarsus atridorsum Kieffer (more than 73% of all individuals collected in 2008), C. mancus (Walker) (more than 8%), and Paratanytarsus inopertus (Walker) (more than 9%). The four species rare in Poland [Tanytarsus niger Andersen, Rheotanytarsus muscicola Thienemann, Stempellinella brevis (Edwards), Paratanytarsus tenellulus (Goetghebuer)], recorded in the area in the 1980s, were absent in 2008–2009. The reduction in the Tanytarsini diversity is interpreted as an effect of unstable environmental regime of the lake following its artificial modification in 1983 to serve the needs of the "Żarnowiec" pumped storage power station, and interventions related to the planned construction of a nuclear power plant on the lake.
Twenty two species of Culicidae (47% of Polish fauna) were recorded in the vicinity of Wyskok in Polish Masurian Lakelands. Eight species of mosquitoes were recorded for the first time in the Masuria. Another 8 species are rarely recorded in Poland. Females of Coquillettidia richiardii (FICALBI), Aedes cinereus MEIGEN and Ochlerotatus cantans (MEIGEN) were the most aggressive in relation to a man.
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