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In this work a general characteristics of thermal conditions in Kołobrzeg in the years 1976-2005 is presented. The most important part of the paper is the analysis of extreme temperature days (very frosty, frosty, warm and hot) in relation to the types of atmospheric circulation (according to the classification proposed by Osuchowska-Klein 1978). Daily mean and extreme air temperature data for the weather station in Kołobrzeg were the basis of the paper. The obtained results provide strong evidence that the occurrence of days with extreme air temperatures depends mostly on the atmospheric circulation pattern. Particularly high and low air temperatures in Kołobrzeg, in most cases, are not determined by the character (cyclonic or anticyclonic) of atmospheric circulation, but mainly by the direction of air advection. More detailed analysis has revealed that in the winter months (Dec-Feb) the highest frequency of days with sub-zero maximum temperatures is usually associated with the incursion of continental polar air during anticyclonic circulation types. Conversely, maritime air flow from the Atlantic Ocean most often induced by zonal circulation (especially during cyclonic types over Poland) regularly brings warming in winter. In the warm halfyear (Apr-Sep) strong and persistent advection of the air from the southern or eastern sector (in anticyclonic types: E1, E, D2C and cyclonic ones: F and B) is the most important factor determining the occurrence of warm and hot days in Kołobrzeg. The days with tmax ≥ 25oC appear most rarely during the types accompanied by the winds from the western or northern sector.
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The climate of Łeba

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Quickly developing tourist infrastructure of Łeba, including the needs of the city as a health resort and a perfect place for holiday at any time of the year, requires an elaboration of the comprehen-sive climatic characteristics. Taking into consideration the needs of the typical holiday makers and people with respiratory, circulatory and rheumatic diseases or metabolic disorders, elaboration of an appropriate description of the local climatic conditions in one of the most often visited spa on the Polish sea coast is more and more crucial. Daily meteorological data from the IMGW weather station in Łeba for the period 1986-2005 were the basis for this paper. The climatological analysis, besides the characteristics of the air tempera- ture and precipitation, includes the distribution of other principal meteorological elements (pres-sure, wind, sunshine hours, cloudiness, relative humidity) and the frequency of weather phenom-ena (fogs, storms).
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Relative air humidity and saturation deficit in Leba

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The main aim of the paper was to determine the most important features of air humidity in Łeba in the years 1976-2005. The average daily values of relative air humidity (RH) and saturation deficit (SD) from the meteorological station in Łeba were used as basic data for the survey. After initial estimation of dispersion parameters and asymmetry of distribution, these values were calculated for annual and multi-annual periods. The survey findings showed that in Łeba the humidity of air in the analysed period was relatively high (with mean annual RH and SD values – 82.8% and 2.1 hPa respectively). The highest mean air humidity is normally reported in winter months (with maximum in December), while relatively low humidity values are recorded in the warm half-year (Apr.-Sep.). The provided analysis of long-term variability in monthly and annual averages has shown a decreasing trend of air humidity in the region of Łeba. Such conclusion is proved by statistically significant tendencies: growing of moisture deficit and dropping of relative air humidity. The greatest fall in air humidity within the 30-yr period was found in April; while rise was noted only in May. The greatest diversification of mean monthly air humidity values are typical for the period between April and July; the most stable higric conditions are usually recorded in December.
The main aim of the paper is to present general information about hydro-meteorological conditions in the catchment of the Łebsko Lake. In the first part of the article a short description of the most important hydrographic elements of the investigated area (the Łebsko Lake, the Łeba River and its tributaries) was provided. The climatic analysis of local conditions, besides the characteristics of the air temperature and precipitation, contains the distribution of other principal meteorological elements (pressure, wind, cloud cover or relative humidity). The paper is a part of broader studies aimed at finding the key factors determining seasonal and annual changes of water relations in the catchment of the Łebsko Lake.
This paper presents the basic features of annual course of air temperatures and the sum of precipitation (diversification of temperatures and precipitation in separate months and seasons). The paper also determines air temperature and precipitation fluctuations in 1861-2007 and the trends of changes. Finally, the relations between the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the air temperatures and precipitation sums are established.
The authors of the present paper made an attempt to determine frequency of average, dry and wet periods for months, seasons, half-years and years. Additionally a comparison of data recorded dur-ing 140 years allows to check the structure of excessively wet and excessively dry years’ patterns. The present paper is based on the Z. Kaczorowska’s classification (1962).
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The main purpose of the article is the analysis of the relations between thermic weather types in Hel and types of circulation from Osuchowska-Klein’s classification (1978). Thermic types have been constructed on the basis of A. Woś’s classification of weather types (1993). As a result, in the study eleven thermic types have been distinguished and grouped into three categories of weather: warm, transitory and frosty. Detailed analysis has revealed that the frequency of thermic weather types in particular types of circulation is determined by the character of circulation (cyclonic/anticyclonic) as well as by its direction. The most numerous types of circulation over Poland: E (north-eastern anticyclonic) and CB (north-western cyclonic) most often are accompanied by warm and transitory weather. In Hel the warm weather group is conditioned mainly by the circulation types associated with the advection of the air from the West or South; transitory and frosty groups are related to the types of circulation conditioning the airflow from the northern or eastern sector.
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The climate of Slupsk

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This study is an attempt to provide a comprehensive and synthetic characterisation of Słupsk climate based on a homogeneous series of daily measurements covering the longest possible period. Apart from the temperature and precipitation profiles derived from a 58-year examination record (1950-2007), the climate analysis also presents the distribution of other key weather components (atmospheric pressure, wind, relative humidity and cloud cover) in a shorter (1991-2007) time-span. The paper, which is a summary of the existing research into Słupsk climate, is directed not only at geographers (for whom it may be a significant reference in research concerning weather conditions in other Polish towns), but also at local residents and tourists, who choose Słupsk as their holiday destination.
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