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Exposure to non-infectious microorganisms and endotoxins in agriculture

100%

Eduard W.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

1997

|

tom 04

|

nr 2

2

Reduction of dust exposure by negative air ionisation

63%

Lyngtveit T., Eduard W.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

1997

|

tom 04

|

nr 2

3

Fever reactions [ODTS] in relation to work operations in farmers

63%

Melbostad E., Eduard W.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

1994

|

tom 01

|

nr 2

4

Is chronic bronchitis a work-related disease among farmers ?

63%

Melbostad E., Eduard W.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

1994

|

tom 01

|

nr 2

5

Mucosal membrane symptoms in relation to work operations in farmers

63%

Melbostad E., Eduard W.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

1994

|

tom 01

|

nr 2

6

Airway inflammation among compost workers exposed to actinomycetes spores

51%

Heldal K. K., Madso L., Eduard W.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

2015

|

tom 22

|

nr 2

7

Ammonia, dust and bacteria in welfare-oriented systems for laying hens

51%

Nimmermark S., Lund V., Gustafsson G., Eduard W.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

2009

|

tom 16

|

nr 1

103-113

8

Exposure, symptoms and airway inflammation among sewage workers

51%

Heldal K. K., Madso L., Huser P. O., Eduard W.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

2010

|

tom 17

|

nr 2

263-268

9

Ochratoxin A in grain dust - estimated exposure and relations to agricultural practices in grain production

51%

Halstensen A. S., Nordby K. C., Elen O., Eduard W.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

2004

|

tom 11

|

nr 2

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a nephrotoxin frequently contaminating grains. OTA inhalation during grain handling may therefore represent a health risk to farmers, and was the subject of this study. Airborne and settled grain dust was collected during grain work on 84 Norwegian farms. Climate and agricultural practices on each farm were registered. Penicillium spp., Aspergillus spp. and OTA in settled dust were measured. Settled dust contained median 4 µg OTA/kg dust (range 2-128), correlating with Penicillium spp. (median 40 cfu/mg; range 0-32000, rs=0.33; p<0.01). Similar levels were found across grain species, districts and agricultural practices. Penicillium levels, but not OTA levels, were higher in storage than in threshing dust (p=0.003), and increased with storage time (rs=0.51, p<0.001). Farmers were exposed to median 1 mg/m3 (range 0.2-15) dust during threshing and median 7 mg/m3 (range 1-110) dust during storage work, equalling median 3.7 pg/m3 (range 0.6-200) and median 40 pg/m3 (range 2-14000) OTA, respectively (p<0.001). Agricultural practices could not predict OTA, Penicillium or Aspergillus contamination. Compared to oral intake of OTA, the inhalant exposure during grain work was low, although varying by more than 1,000-fold. However, the farmers may occasionally be highly exposed, particularly during handling of stored grain.

10

Bioaerosol exposure during handling of source separated household waste

51%

Heldal K., Eduard W., Bergum M.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

1997

|

tom 04

|

nr 1

11

Can selectionexplain the protective effects of farming on asthma?

39%

Eduard W., Schlunssen V., Sigsgaard T., Omland O., Pearce N., Douwes J.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

2015

|

tom 22

|

nr 3

Introduction and objective. Reduced asthma and allergy risks in farmers have been ascribed to microbial exposures. However, selection may also play a role and this was assessed in two Scandinavian farming populations. Materials and methods. Asthma prevalence in 739 Danish farming students was compared to that of 1,105 siblings. 8,482 Norwegian farmers were also compared with 349 early retired farmers. Results. The prevalence of ever-asthma was 5.4% in farming students and 5.2% in siblings (OR 1.1; 95%CI 0.73–1.7). Current asthma in farmers was 3.0% compared to 6.3% in farmers who had retired early (OR 1.8, 95%CI 1.1–2.9). Adjustments for early retirement increased the asthma prevalence by 0.3–0.6%. Farmers who had changed production were more likely to have asthma (OR 9.8, 95% CI 6.0–16). Conclusions. No healthy worker selection into farming was observed and changes in asthma prevalence due to early retirement were small. Selection effects are therefore unlikely to explain the protective effects of farming on asthma.

12

Endotoxin exposure in sewage treatment workers: investigation of exposure variability and comparison of analytical techniques

39%

Spaan S., Smit L. A. M., Eduard W., Larsson L., Arts H. J. J. M., Wouters I. M., Heederik D. J. J.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

2008

|

tom 15

|

nr 2

13

Trichothecene mycotoxins and their determinats in settled dust related to grain production

39%

Nordby K. C., Halstensen A. S., Elen O., Clasen P. E., Langseth W., Kristensen P., Eduard W.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

2004

|

tom 11

|

nr 1

We hypothesise that inhalant exposure to mycotoxins causes developmental outcomes and certain hormone-related cancers that are associated with grain farming in an epidemiological study. The aim of the present study was to identify and validate determinants of measured trichothecene mycotoxins in grain dust as work environmental trichothecene exposure indicators. Settled grain dust was collected in 92 Norwegian farms during seasons of 1999 and 2000. Production characteristics and climatic data were studied as determinants of trichothecenes in settled dust samples obtained during the production of barley (N = 59), oats (N = 32), and spring wheat (N = 13). Median concentrations of trichothecenes in grain dust were <20, 54, and <50 mg/kg (ranges <20-340, <30-2400, and <50-1200) for deoxynivalenol (DON), HT-2 toxin (HT-2) and T-2 toxin (T-2) respectively. Late blight potato rot (fungal) forecasts have been broadcast in Norway to help prevent this potato disease. Fungal forecasts representing wet, temperate, and humid meteorological conditions were identified as strong determinants of trichothecene mycotoxins in settled grain dust in this study. Differences in cereal species, production properties and districts contributed less to explain mycotoxin concentrations. Fungal forecasts are validated as indicators of mycotoxin exposure of grain farmers and their use in epidemiological studies may be warranted.

14

High prevalence of immunoglobulin E [IgE] sensitization among sisal [Agave sisalana] processing workers in Tanzania

33%

Kayumba A. V., Van-Do T., Florvaag E., Bratveit M., Baste V., Mashalla Y., Eduard W., Moen B. E.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

2008

|

tom 15

|

nr 2

Ograniczanie wyników

Exposure to non-infectious microorganisms and endotoxins in agriculture

Reduction of dust exposure by negative air ionisation

Fever reactions [ODTS] in relation to work operations in farmers

Is chronic bronchitis a work-related disease among farmers ?

Mucosal membrane symptoms in relation to work operations in farmers

Airway inflammation among compost workers exposed to actinomycetes spores

Ammonia, dust and bacteria in welfare-oriented systems for laying hens

Exposure, symptoms and airway inflammation among sewage workers

Ochratoxin A in grain dust - estimated exposure and relations to agricultural practices in grain production

Bioaerosol exposure during handling of source separated household waste

Can selectionexplain the protective effects of farming on asthma?

Endotoxin exposure in sewage treatment workers: investigation of exposure variability and comparison of analytical techniques

Trichothecene mycotoxins and their determinats in settled dust related to grain production

High prevalence of immunoglobulin E [IgE] sensitization among sisal [Agave sisalana] processing workers in Tanzania