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Background: The evaluation of physical activity level of scientists and determining factors which influence the physical activity. Getting to know the characteristics of the group and observing its behavior can lead to pro-healthy campaign. Material/Methods: Research was conducted on 301 Warsaw scientific institutes employees (NIPH-NIH - 82 persons, IMWM - 50 persons, IPPLM - 39 persons, BRI - 50 persons NFNI - 80 persons). A questionnaire was applied. Analysis was made with the usage of SPSS v. 17. In accordance with WHO classifications, the interviewed were divided into active (n=162) and non-active (n=139). The active group consisted of persons with a high and average level of physical activity and the non-active group was made of persons who had a low level of physical activity or did not do any exercises. The log-line analysis served to evaluate the relationship between physical activity and various variables. The chi-squared test was used to find significant differences in analysis. Results: Low level of physical activity was characteristic of half of the interviewed scientists (NIPH-NIH - 48.8%, IMWM - 32.0%, IPPLM - 38.5%, BRI - 32.0% and NFNI - 93.8%). Scientists from NFNI have 30 times stronger risk of having physical activity level insufficient in order to maintain good health condition. The questioned men have a double chance to be active persons. Regular participation in recreation (OR 2.43) and a high level of tourism activity (OR 2.38) diminish twice as much the risk of being non-active. Conclusions: The Warsaw scientific institutes employees cannot serve as an example for the rest of the society.
Introduction and Objective: The aim of this paper is to assess the level of tourist activity of pupils and students from schools in Warsaw, as well as factors influencing this level of activity. Methods: A two-part questionnaire was used that included questions related to participation in tourist trips (day, long, short, and trips abroad) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Results: Among the analyzed factors (gender, level of school, level of physical activity), only the level of school turned out to be the factor which significantly (p=0.000) influenced the physical activity of the respondents. It was observed that tourist activity among pupils and students decreased with age. Conclusion: There is an urgent need for a systematic approach towards promoting and supporting the participation of children and young people in tourism. as well as setting examples of how to travel and rest. Carrying out intervention programmes demands the further identification of factors determining them (e.g. influence of parents’ leisure time behaviour), as well as the application of standardized research tools.
Background. Poor health / medical contraindications are one of the most commonly declared barriers to physical activity (PA). The aim of the study is to do a quantitative assessment of this barrier in adult Poles, with a particular emphasis on incidence and accumulation in different demographic and socio-economic backgrounds. Material and methods. A representative sample of Poles aged ≥50 years, declaring sporadic PA, or none (4253 persons) was examined. To assess the frequency of health indications / medical contraindications as the primary barrier to PA, a statistical analysis was done. The impact of individual variables on individual declarations was assessed using logistic regression. Results. Poor health / medical contraindications are the second (25.0%) barrier to PA, after the age factor (26.6%). The likelihood that bad health is declared in people with lower education increases more than 2-fold (ceteris paribus) with regard to those with higher education. As for working people, it is more often evidenced (7-times) in those incapable of working than in the retired ones (4 times). Living in rural areas reduces the chances of pointing to a health barrier by 24%. Although the chances of declaring health as the barrier increase with age, in the oldest (with all other indicators ceteris paribus) it is relatively less likely to be identified, which might suggest that the elderly consider a ge itself as a barrier to activity rather than poor health. Conclusions. It is necessary to improve health education in adult Poles regarding a conscious lifestyle design, understanding diseases and honest self-assessment of one’s health. It is essential to be aware of the physiological symptoms of physical effort, the role of PA both in maintaining and improving one’s health and supporting treatment. It is particularly essential to involve in the undertaking health professionals, especially doctors, because of their knowledge and social prestige.
Background: The analysis of socio-demographic factors that determine the duration of tourist trips among urban single people. Material/Methods: The research included 598 randomly selected single people from Warsaw and Poznan. The study was conducted using the survey method. The relation between trips for ≥ 10 days and the variables characterizing the demographic structure of the respondents were assessed using log-linear analysis. The significance of the impact of the factors examined in the analysis was determined by chi-squared test. Results: Single people from Poznan with secondary and higher education are, respectively, more than 4-fold and 7-fold likely to go on longer trips (≥ 10 days) than shorter ones (< 10 days). Highly educated single people from Warsaw (compared to those with secondary education) are 1.25 times more likely to travel for ≥ 10 days than for < 10 days. The likelihood for long trips also increases several times among people who have income > PLN 2,000 (3 times in Poznan, 7 times in Warsaw) and those declaring income < PLN 1,500 (1.6 times in Poznan, 1.5 times in Warsaw). In the case of respondents from Warsaw, being a man doubles the likelihood of traveling for ≥ 10 days. Conclusions: Participation of urban single people in long-term trips is a reflection of contemporary trends in the market of tourist services. However, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive analysis of leisure time behavior of single people. It is crucial in the quest to satisfy the tourist desires of today's consumers of leisure services.
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Background. In the face of unrelenting civilization threats and social challenges, the dynamic development of wellness & spa centers is observed. The aim of this work is an analysis to determine whether the 100 best Polish spa hotels satisfy the requirements of this type of company in light of terminology put forward by the International Spa Association (ISPA) and the European Spas Association (ESPA). Material and methods. Definitions put forward by ISPA and ESPA form the basis of assessment in this study. A method of diagnostic survey was applied. Results. According to the ESPA, only 41% of spas can actually be classified as such, compared to 61% according to ISPA. As many as 22% of the hotels surveyed do not meet the requirements of such enterprises for either ESPA or ISPA. Inconsistent definitions of ESPA and ISPA lead to chaos in the wellness & spa market. Conclusions. It is necessary to develop a Polish definition which clearly defines the criteria for the classification of spa facilities and the possibility of their verification from the point of view of quality and compliance with planned standards.
Background: Physical activity, supporting health, wellbeing and working ability, is not only vitally important for healthy people, but also necessary for workers, especially women. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between meeting different physical activity guidelines and socio-demographic and anthropometric characteristics in middle-aged females from Turkey. Material/Methods: Physical activity was assessed using the Sense Wear Armband. Logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between socio-demographic and anthropometric criteria and the odds of meeting different physical activity guidelines. Results: All females achieved ≥ 150 min/week of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. With regard to vigorous physical activity, only 5% of women achieved ≥ 75 min/week. Among all studied socio-demographic and anthropometric characteristics only the waist-to-hip rate and income differentiated odds for meeting the World Health Organization criterion. Conclusions: Different percentages of subjects fulfill the pro-health criteria depending on the norm considered. We do need to identify the best criteria of PA to meet adequate health. It is crucial to take into account time, frequency and intensity of aerobic efforts but also in relation to energy expenditure related to resistance (anaerobic) and flexibility efforts while formulating physical activity guidelines.
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