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This study evaluated the ability of a hydrothermal time model (HTT) to describe the kinetics of watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris cv. ‘Crimson sweet’) seed germination under different temperatures (T) and water potentials (ψ) and also to determine the cardinal temperatures of watermelon. Results indicated that ψ influenced germination rate and germination percentage. For this seed lot, cardinal temperatures were 10℃ for Tb, 28.34℃ for To and 40.8℃ for Tc in the control (0 MPa) treatment. There was a decrease in hydrotime constant (θH) when T was increased to To and then remained constant at supraoptimal temperatures (30 MPah⁻¹). Also, at temperatures above To, ψb(50) values increased linearly with T. The kT value (the slope of the relationship between ψb(50) and T exceeds To) of this seed lot was calculated as 0.076 Mpa℃ h⁻¹. Results this study show that when the HTT model is applied, it can accurately describe ψb(g) and the course of germination around Ts (R² = 0.82). Moreover, the ψb(50) was estimated to be -0.96 MPa based on this model. Consequently, the germination response of watermelon for all Ts and ψs can be adequately described by the HTT model and enabling it to be used as a predictive tool in watermelon seed germination simulation models.
The morphology of 279 accessions of Cyclamen sp. growing naturally in Turkey, namely C. alpinum (syn. C. trochopteranthum), C. graecum, C. hederifolium (syn. C. neapolitanum) and C. mirabile, was characterized. Plants with intact tubers were collected from locations in Antalya, Isparta, Aydın, Muğla, İzmir and Denizli, determined by GPS, where they grow naturally in spring and autumn. The morphology of the four Cyclamen species was characterized using one year old regenerated plants based on 27 morphological traits (13 flower, 11 leaf, 2 plant, 1 tuber). There were distinct differences among these accessions related to petal colour, pedicel length, leaf length and width, leaf shape, and tuber diameter. Even though principle component analysis confirmed the grouping of characters into species-specific clusters, a wider range of morphological data as well as molecular data are needed for more reliable conclusions to be drawn about the classification of these Cyclamen species.
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