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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined by GC/MS in suspended airborne PM]0 particles collected at 4 sites in the Tricity agglomeration of northern Poland. This industrialized and densely populated area with distinctly seasonally variable weather conditions is located on the southern Baltic Sea coast. Daily concentrations of Ʃ12PAHs ranged from ~0.04 to ~60 ng/m³ in the samples analyzed. The levels of particulate PAHs showed distinct seasonal changes throughout the year, with higher concentrations in the heating season. The elevated PAH concentrations recorded during the heating season were most probably due to greater emissions of PAHs from heating systems, as well as meteorological factors that restrict the dispersion of these pollutants in the atmosphere and enhance their persistence. Benzo(a)pyrene was confirmed as being a good marker of total PAHs associated with PMI0 particles, and concentrations of this compound during the heating season often exceeded 1 ng/m³ - the threshold established in Directive 2004/107/EC. Mass concentrations of PM₁₀ particulate matter were not strongly correlated with PAH concentrations. Meteorological factors like temperature and wind speed strongly influence the distribution of particulate PAHs in the study area, but the former parameter is clearly linked to seasonal emission patterns. It has been found that atmospheric input is an important source of PAHs deposited in recent Gulf of Gdańsk sediments.
The paper presents the results of experiments to determine the influence of selected physico-chemical factors – oxygen, visible light and temperature – on the decomposition of (1) chlorophylls a, b and c, chlorophyll a derivatives and β-carotene in acetone solution, and (2) chlorophyll a and β-carotene in axenic cultures of the blue-green algae Anabaena variabilis. The results indicate that both in acetone extracts and in blue-green algae cultures these pigments were most sensitive to light and oxygen; temperatures of up to 25◦C had no marked influence on these compounds. Under anoxia in acetone solution, the stability towards light decreased in the order chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophylls c. Chlorophyll a, moreover, was less stable than its derivatives – phaeophorbides, phaeophytins, pyrophaeophytins and steryl chlorins – but more stable than β-carotene, in the last case also in the blue-green algae cultures. Decomposition of all the pigments proceeded mainly via the breakdown of the porphyrin macrocycle, since the decomposition products were not detected in the VIS range. On the basis of these experiments one can state that while light and oxygen may have a decisive direct influence on the distribution of chlorophylls and β-carotene in sediments, in the natural environment, temperatures of up to 25◦ C may have very little immediate effect.
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PCBs in phytoplankton in the Odra Estuary

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Eleven PCB congeners were determined in phytoplankton samples collected from the Odra Estuary at 9 stations in 2001–2002. The PCB concentrations were related to the temperature, turbidity, salinity, oxygen and redox potential of the water as well as to the pigment content in the samples. The results indicate that phytoplankton and the detritus derived from it play a crucial role in the distribution of PCBs, their transfer from the water column to sediments and from the Estuary to the sea. The species composition of the phytoplankton occurring in this area could also be very important as regards the sorption of PCBs.
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