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This study focused on site-specific preferences of potentially harmful cyanobacterium Gloeotrichia echinulata to occur in lakes with different ecological and trophic conditions. Its pelagic growth was studied in six lakes from June to September in 1986-1988, 2000-2001 and 2009. In total, 78 samples were taken from the epilimnion (stratified lakes) or the whole water column (non-stratified lakes). Analyses of phytoplankton and environmental variables were performed according to standard methods. During summer, a distinct maximum of the Gloeotrichia growth was observed in July or August (the warmest period). Bloom events of G. echinulata occurred in lakes where the light and oxygen conditions were significantly inferior while the phosphorus content remained on a slightly elevated level. The distinct domination of this cyanobacterium (above 40% of the total phytoplankton biomass) was limited to lakes with a high, moderate or even poor ecological status, and to the meso-eutrophic or eutrophic state of lakes. However, G. echinulata occurred in a broader range of ecological and trophic conditions of lakes. The historical approach to mass occurrence of G. echinulata, with its possible contribution to phosphorus translocation from sediment to the pelagic zone, suggested its importance as an indicator of progressive ecological and trophic deterioration of lakes. This indication should be very useful for establishment of main targets in water management.
The objective of this study was to analyse of the taxonomic composition and biomass of phytoplankton also concentration of chlorophyll in water of the lake Kirsajty, and to assess the changes the ecological state of the lake. Phytoplankton abundance and structure were analyzed in Lake Kirsajty during the years 1986-1988 and 2000-2001 (from March to November), and chlorophyll concentrations were determined over the 1986-2001 (August) period. During the years 1986-1988 total phytoplankton biomass in this lake was relatively low (0.6-2.2 mg dm⁻³), while over the years 2000-2001 the biomass maximum was approximately twofold higher (5.0 mg dm⁻³). The concentrations of chlorophyll a and pheophytins measured in August over the 1986-2001 period remained within the 2.2-13.1 mg m⁻³ range, reaching a maximum in 1996. During the years 1986-1987 the phytoplankton community of Lake Kirsajty was dominated by cryptophytes of the genera Cryptomonas, Chroomonas and Rhodomonas and chrysophytes – Dinobryon divergens and D. sociale, whereas in the summer 1988 blue-green algae (including Aphanizomenon gracile and Leptolyngbya thermalis) accounted for about 50% of total biomass. In the spring 2000-2001 the diatom community (mostly Fragilaria ulna, Stephanodiscus neoastrea and Cyclotella sp.) expanded to the greatest degree. During late summer the phytoplankton composition was again dominated by blue-greens, with a high contribution of Limnothrix redekei and Microcystis aeruginosa. Long-term studies on phytoplankton abundance revealed undesirable changes in the trophic state of the shallow, polymictic Lake Kirsajty.
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