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Background. Mushrooms are a food that is often considered as an important source of minerals and other nutrients for consumers. There is little data on the minerals in mushrooms processed culinary and on the impact of processing. Objective. The research was aimed at understanding the similarities and differences in the mineral composition (Hg, Li, Mg, Al, Co, Ni, Cu, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Ag, Cd, Cs, Sb, Tl, Pb, U, Ba, Cr, Zn, Mn and V) of white button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) processed in industrial conditions. Material and methods. Fungal materials came from six producers. The elements were determined by ICP-MS DRC and CV-AAS using validated methods and QA/QC protocol. The interdependencies of 18 elements and 10 batches of mushrooms examined were tested with the help of principal component analysis. Results. Some significant differences were found in the content and composition of minerals in marinated white button mushrooms depending on producer. Conserved white button mushrooms are poorer in major essential elements but also in toxic Hg, As, Ag, Cd, Sb, Tl or Pb which has been reported for unprocessed mushrooms. Conclusions. The relatively higher levels of Ag in some batches seem to be largely explained by the quality of the substrate used for mushrooms cultivation, while of Li, Rb, Cs, Cr, Al, U, V, As and Mn (in part also of Ba and Sr) largely by the quality of the marinade.
Heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn) absorbed by roots brought about oxidative stress conditions through ROS production (O₂¯˙, H₂O₂) for pea plants cultivated hydroponically for 96 h on a Hoagland medium with the addition of 50 μM: CdCl₂, Pb(NO₃)₂, CuSO₄, and ZnSO₄. We shows, using laser ablation ICP MS, that Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn elements are located along a cross-section through the roots of pea plants. We observed increasing activities of antioxidative enzymes (SOD, CAT, GR) in oxidative stress conditions. We have shown changes in redox state (GSH/GSSG) in pea root grown with Pb, Cu, Cd, and Zn.
Results of investigations and assessment of air pollution by cadmium, lead, and arsenic using Italian ryegrass are presented in this paper. The experiment was carried out in the 2011 growing season in Poznań city and surroundings areas. Lolium multiflorum L. ‘Lema’ exhibits several properties useful for active biomonitoring of air pollution. Plants were exposed at sites varying in environmental characteristics. High cadmium and lead concentrations in leaves were noted in plants exposed within the city area. Canonical variate analysis illustrated variability in concentrations of elements in certain exposure series. The highest arsenic concentrations were observed in the first exposure series, while the highest lead concentrations were observed during the second series. Comparison of trace element concentrations at exposure sites to the control site revealed that comparable levels occurred in the city sites and the Agro-ecological Landscape Park. This was an effect of high cadmium and lead levels at city sites, and arsenic at the rural site. The lowest level of measured trace elements was observed at an exposure site located 15 km from Poznań in a rural area.
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