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Feeding strategy of wintering rooks Corvus frugilegus L. in urban habitats

100%

Jadczyk P., Drzeniecka-Osiadacz A.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2013

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tom 61

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nr 3

Rooks show a growing tendency to winter in cities. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of meteorological factors on the selection of feeding habitats and to discuss the diversity of feeding strategies in urban environments of different sizes and housing densities. The study was carried out in two cities in south-western Poland, Wrocław and Brzeg (populations of 636,000 and 39,000, respectively), in the years 2004–2008. Nineteen research areas differing in housing density were controlled once a week. In multiple regression, the number of rooks feeding in urban environments showed a correlation with air temperature and the thickness of snow cover. The densities of feeding rooks were higher in urban environments than in agrocenoses. They were also higher in Wrocław than in Brzeg, and in built-up areas than in undeveloped ones. Feeding groups were smaller in Brzeg than in Wrocław. They were also smaller in built-up areas in Brzeg than in undeveloped ones. More rooks fed individually in Brzeg than in Wrocław. The diversity in the frequency of individually feeding rooks in built-up and undeveloped environments was specific to each city. Rooks feeding in Brzeg were more active in searching for food than those in Wrocław, and birds feeding on optimum, undeveloped feeding grounds were more active than those in built-up areas . In both cities, rooks were fed by humans, mainly in built-up areas.

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Analysis of variability in PM10 concentration in the Wroclaw agglomeration

100%

Krynicka J., Drzeniecka-Osiadacz A.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2013

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tom 22

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nr 4

Our research was designed to analyze the variability in PM10 concentrations in the Wrocław area from January 2008 to February 2010, and to relate the findings to the existing meteorological and terrain conditions. To this end, five measurement stations were located in places with distinctive environmental features. Stations used the TEOM 1400a gravimetric analyzer and the manual reference method. The distinction between warm and cold seasons also was made based on start and end dates of heating periods. Finally, the thorough analysis of observed fluctuations in PM10 was produced. This includes tabulating the data, establishing a correlation and, most importantly, presenting descriptive statistics. Moreover, the statistical analysis was extended to variability and correlation analysis. The figures revealed that there exists the spatial variation of PM10 concentrations throughout the year, and analysis showed similar dynamics of the PM10 concentrations. The highest annual average PM10 concentration was noted at one of the stations and was associated with numerous exceedings of the limit value. The analyzed stations show a high correlation during the cold period of the year (0.71-0.95). Coefficients were significant at the 0.99 confidence level. The value of coefficient of divergence ranged from 0.053 to 0.613 and indicated the sources of PM10 emission. A positive relationship was observed between PM10 concentration and, e.g., atmospheric pressure (0.40), and in the warm season, average daily air temperature (0.36); but a negative relationship was observed between PM10 concentration and, i.e., the average daily speed of the wind (-0.56), and during the cold period, the average daily air temperature (-0.56). In support of this claim, the following article discusses select examples of the interdependence between terrain characteristics and PM10 variations.

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Footprint areas of pollen from alder (Alnus) and birch (Betula) in the UK (Worcester) and Poland (Wroclaw) during 2005–2014

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Skjoth C. A., Bilinska D., Werner M., Malkiewicz M., Adams-Groom B., Kryza M., Drzeniecka-Osiadacz A.

Acta Agrobotanica

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2015

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tom 68

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nr 4

In this study we analyzed daily pollen concentrations of Alnus spp. and Betula spp. from Worcester, UK and Wrocław, Poland. We analyzed seasonality, annual pollen index and footprint areas for the observed pollen concentrations by using the trajectory model hybrid single particle Lagrangian integrated trajectory (HYSPLIT). We examined 10 years of data during the period 2005–2014 and found substantial differences in the seasonality, pollen indices and footprint areas. For both genera, concentrations in Wrocław are in general much higher, the seasons are shorter and therefore more intense than in Worcester. The reasons appear to be related to the differences in overall climate between the two sites and more abundant sources in Poland than in England. The footprint areas suggest that the source of the pollen grains are mainly local trees but appear to be augmented by remote sources, in particular for Betula spp. but only to a small degree for Alnus spp. For Betula spp., both sites appear to get contributions from areas in Germany, the Netherlands and Belgium, while known Betula spp. rich regions in Russia, Belarus and Scandinavia had a very limited impact on the pollen concentrations in Worcester and Wrocław. Substantial and systematic variations in pollen indices are seen for Betula spp. in Wrocław with high values every second year while a similar pattern is not observed for Worcester. This pattern was not reproduced for Alnus spp.

Ograniczanie wyników

1 Acta Agrobotanica

1 Polish Journal of Ecology

1 Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

3 Drzeniecka-Osiadacz A.

1 Adams-Groom B.

1 Bilinska D.

1 Jadczyk P.

1 Krynicka J.

1 Kryza M.

1 Malkiewicz M.

1 Skjoth C. A.

1 Werner M.

1 2015

2 2013

Feeding strategy of wintering rooks Corvus frugilegus L. in urban habitats

Analysis of variability in PM10 concentration in the Wroclaw agglomeration

Footprint areas of pollen from alder (Alnus) and birch (Betula) in the UK (Worcester) and Poland (Wroclaw) during 2005–2014