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The aim of this study was to assess the effect of zearalenones (ZEA) on the complete blood cell count and serum chemistry analysis in wild boars (Sus scrofa). At the beginning of the study, blood was collected from 24 wild boars. The following parameters were evaluated: the leukocyte and red blood cell counts, haemoglobin concentration, MCV, MCH, MCHC, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, urea, creatinine, total protein, albumin, total bilirubin, calcium, inorganic phosphorus and magnesium. The wild boars were then divided into three study groups containing six sows and two boars each. The study was carried out over the course of three years. Group I received feed for fattening boars and corn containing 50 µg of ZEA. Group II received the same feed as group I, with the addition of a pure form of ZEA, supplemented at a dose of 150 µg/kg/day for 7 days every 2 months. In the course of the study, the animals in this group received a total of nine 7-day administrations of this toxin. Group III was the control group. A complete blood cell count and serum biochemical analysis were performed once again at the end of the study, and, in group I, three months after commencing the study. The CBC indices measured at the end of the study did not differ significantly among the three groups. There were significant differences in the AST, ALT and total bilirubin concentrations measured at the end of the study between group I and the remaining two groups. The high AST, ALT and total bilirubin concentrations suggest that a three-year-long ingestion of mouldy feed significantly affects the liver function, but does not cause clinical signs of poisoning.
The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of Gasterophilus spp. larvae in horses from north-east Poland, identify the species and describe the histhopathological lesions produced by the parasite. 123 animals were examined and 65 were found to be infested with Gasterophilus spp. Two species of Gasterophilus spp. were identified with the following prevalence: G. intestinalis - 49 horses and G. nasalis - 13 horses. The major macroscopic lesions detected were erosions and ulcerations of the gastric mucosa and proximal duodenum. The histopathological lesions produced at the site of larval attachment were characterized by accumulation of cellular debris, epithelial hyperplasia of the lesions' border, necrosis. The infiltrate consisted of limfo-histiocytes and a large number of eosinophils, neutrophils and mononuclear cells. Generically, gasterophilosis is characterized by gut obstruction and digestive disorders. The high prevalence of Gasterophilus spp. larvae in Poland is a result of favorable climatic and ecological conditions (free grazing) which are conducive to the development and transmission of gasterophilosis.
Papillomatous digital dermatitis (PDD) is a dermatosis of the digital skin of cattle, which, in recent years, has become one of the most important causes of lamness. Probably the direct causes of the disease are Treponema spp., Fusobacterium spp., Bacterioides spp.and Dichelobacter nodosus. PDD occurs on the hairy skin between the hooves and heels of hind limbs, where circumscriptes red plaques appear. Therapy requires the use of penicillin 18000 IU/kg every 12 h for 3 days or a topical application of oxytetracycline 20-100 mg/ml for 3 to 5 days and footbaths in solutions of 0.1 to 0.6% oxytetyracycline, 20% zinc sulfate, 0.01% lincomycin, 2.5 to 10% copper sulfate, and 5% formalin every 3-7 days. Interdigital dermatitis (ID) is triggered by the same bacteria as PDD and its course of therapy is the same. Acute attacks of the disease are characterized by epidermal erosion and superficial dermatitis in the interdigital skin, and, in chronic cases of ID, upper cracks and fissures of the horn. Dermatophilosis is a dermatosis occurring in cattle, sheep, goats and horses, caused by Dermatophilus congolensis. Bacteria provoke exudative inflammations of the skin and crust formation. Sheep may develop a form of dermatophilosis that begins as a proliferative dermatits in the cornet region, known as strawberry foot-rot. Lesions can extend from the hoof to the hock. Therapy requires the use of oxytetracycline in a single dose of 20 mg/kg or penicillin and streptomycin in doses of 70 000 IU and 70 µg/kg for 3 days.
The aim of the study was to determine the hematological, biochemical and acid-base equilibrium parameters that could be referential for the population of hares inhabiting Poland. Blood for analysis was collected from 36 clinically healthy adult hares (24 females and 12 males), which were caught alive in their natural environment. The hares were observed for 48 hours to eliminate sick animals from further examinations. Before blood collection the animals were administered a mixture of ksylazyna - 2 mg/kg - and ketamina in the same dose. The following acid-base equilibrium parameters were determined from the arterial blood: pH of blood, pCO₂, HCO₃. The AST, ALT, ALP, concentration of urea, creatinine, cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, WBC, RBC, HGB, Ht were determined from the venous blood. The concentration of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium and chlorides were determined in the blood serum. The mean of the determined parameters was: pH = 7.38, pCO₂ = 41.11 mmHg, HCO₃⁻ = 22.83 mmol/l, AST = 245 U/l, ALT = 124 U/l, ALP = 51.4 U/l, the concentration of urea = 7.2 mmol/l, creatinine = 95.7 µmol/l, cholesterol = 0.55 mmol/l, triglycerides 1.3 mmol/l, glucose = 9.24 mmol/l, WBC = 4.27 U/L, RBC = 9.74 U/L, Hb = 12.5 mmol/l, Ht = 0.58 l/l, Ca²⁺ = 2.55 mmol/l, Mg²⁺ = 1.14 mmol/l, P²⁺ = 1.37 mmol/l, Na⁺ = 146.5 mmol/l, K+ = 3.77 mmol/l, Cl⁻ = 108 mmol/l.
Medycyna Weterynaryjna
|
2010
|
tom 66
|
nr 10
s.688-691,fot.,bibliogr.
Equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS) is common in performance horses and in foals. The prevalance of gastric ulcers range from 25-50% in foals, and from 60-90% in adult horses. Diagnosis of EGUS is based on anamnesis, clinical signs, gastroscopic examination and response to treatement. The most important clinical signs are poor performance, chronic colic and loss of appetite. All ages and breeds of horses are susceptible to gastric ulcers, and current therapeutic strategies focus on increasing stomach pH. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of gastric ulcers in slaughtered cold-blooded horses, as well as in sport and recreational horses. The study was performed on 597 horses divided into two groups. The first group of horses were slaughtered, the second group of horses were sent to the clinic with suspected gastric ulcer for gastroscpic examination. Gastric ulcers were found in the majority of test animals. In group 1, prevalence of gastric ulcers was 64%, while in group 2 the proportion of horses with gastric ulcers was slightly higher and was 68%. The study showed that the incidence of gastric ulcers in horses is very high; in all examined horses it was over 65%, while the percentage was higher in horses used for recreation and sport.
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