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This article concerns the influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses on the accumulation of nitrates and heavy metals in leeks (Allium porrum L.) of the variety Terminal. Leek plants were cultivated under field conditions in 2014 and 2015. A comparison was made of the effects of inoculation with three species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus: Rhizophagus intraradices (RI), Claroideoglomus claroideum (CC), and Funneliformis mosseae (FM), plus combinations of these against untreated control. Colonisation in the control was 9.5% in 2014 and 10.7% in 2015. The highest level of colonisation in the treated variants reached 60.0% (RI+FM in 2014) and 58.9% (RI+CC in 2015). The infl uence on nitrates content in leek white shaft tissues was monitored in the variant CC and variants combining two mycorrhizal fungus. The lowest nitrates content was shown in the variants RI+FM in 2014 (44.6 mg·kg⁻¹) and RI+CC in 2015 (12.2 mg·kg⁻¹). From the results, we can state that since the climatic conditions highly affected mycorrhizal symbosis development, accumulation of nitrates and heavy metals was significantly differentiated between experimental years.
Selected cultivars of Asian brassicacean vegetables were evaluated for their yield potential and susceptibility to bacterial infection. Chinese broccoli, two cultivars of Chinese cabbage (‘Dwarf milk cabbage’ and improved ‘Tahtsai’), and mizuna were grown in the conditions of the Czech Republic. Morphological and yield parameters for the field conditions (plant height, plant diameter, and marketable weight) were verified. In addition, genotypes were tested for resistance to black rot [Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc)] at the planting stage. The results show that a very promising genotype of mizuna, which yielded best (1,478 g per plant). Chinese cabbage (cultivar ‘Dwarf milk cabbage’) also showed high yield values (2,839 g per plant), especially when compared to the reference value for Napa cabbage. Chinese Cabbage 1 (‘Dwarf milk cabbage’) and mizuna also showed a low susceptibility to infection by bacterial black rot at the planting stage. Both cultivars reached Level 2 (median) of infection, which corresponds to the extent of the symptoms on 25% of the leaf surface.
Brassica vegetables are one of the most important groups of vegetables in terms of their nutritional composition. The aim of this work was to evaluate the lesser known Asian species from the family Brassicaceae cultivated in the conditions of the Czech Republic and to carry out a comparison with cabbage as a reference species. For the evaluation, two species of Chinese broccoli, two cultivars of Chinese cabbage (‘Dwarf milk cabbage’ and improved ‘Tahtsai’) and mizuna were selected. Among the properties evaluated were dry matter production, crude fiber content, vitamin C, carotenoids, TAC, flavonoids, phenols, and mineral composition (K, Na, Ca, and Mg). The highest contents of vitamin C were found in mizuna and the lowest in Chinese Cabbage 2. In comparison to the reference species, the majority of the properties of Chinese cabbage had higher values in comparison to traditional cabbage (range: 101–577%). Positive results were also found for mizuna. The worst brassica was Chinese Cabbage 2 in which the majority of the properties measured were lower in comparison to traditional cabbage.
The bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pathovar campestris (Xcc) as the causal agent of black rot of cruciferous plants causes considerable losses in agricultural yield all over the world. The control of black rot is difficult as well as the determination of Xccon the basis of morphological parameters or by pathogenicity testing. Ten different possibilities for extraction bacterial DNA followed by PCR detection method were tested to optimize PCR protocol. On the basis of ISTA validated method, three sets of primers UBP 1052F-BACR, DLH 120-125 and ZUP 2309-2310 were used. The results of measured concentration and quality of DNA and efficacy for PCR amplification were compared. Finally, three approaches for DNA extraction within Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris detection protocol were recommended – commercial kits used for isolation from tissues by Macherey-Nagel and MO BIO and kit intended for microbial cultures by MO BIO.
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