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1

Shoot regeneration from GUS-transformed tomato [Lycopersicon esculentum] hairy root

100%
Moghaieb R. E. A., Saneoka H., Fujita K.
Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters
|
2004
|
tom 09
|
nr 3
To study the influence of genetic background on the transformation and regeneration of cultivated tomato plants, hairy root lines of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) were obtained by inoculating the hypocotyl explants of three tomato cultivars with the Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain DCAR-2, which harbors the pBI-121 binary vector. The Ri-T-DNA transformation into the plant DNA was confirmed by both of mikimopine and GUS assay analyses. The regeneration efficiency from hairy root explants was assessed. The data indicated that white embryonic calli were formed within two weeks in the presence of 2 mgl-1 2, 4-D plus 0.25 mgl-1 kinetin. Adventitious shoots emerged from the embryonic callus in the presence of 1 mgl-1 GA3 along with 0.5 mgl-1 NAA. The regeneration frequency was higher in the cultivar UC-97, followed by Momotaro and then Edkawi. Molecular confirmation of the integration of the GUS gene into the hairy root-derived plants genomes was done via PCR using GUS-specific primers and also using Southern blotting analysis. Our data shows that regeneration is possible from hairy roots of the cultivated tomato and this system could be used to produce transgenic tomato plants expressing the genes present in Agrobacterium rhizogenes binary vectors.
2

Differences in the responses of stem diameter and pod thickness to drought stress during the grain filling stage in soybean plants

88%
Ohashi Y., Nakayama N., Saneoka H., Mohapatra P. K., Fujita K.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2009
|
tom 31
|
nr 2
This study investigated the factor of the physiological characteristics causing the reduction of yield of soybean plants (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) by drought stress, by monitoring changes in stem diameter and pod thickness, and photosynthetic activity, partitioning of ¹³C-labeled photosynthate. Drought stress reduced the whole plant dry weight due to the decrease in leaf and pod dry matter accumulation; however, this stress did not have a significant effect on stem growth. Leaf photosynthesis was also severely decreased by drought stress in the early stage of stress treatment as leaf water potential decreased. Imposition of stress decreased pod thickness, but stem diameter increased. The adverse effect of drought stress on pod thickness was more evident at night than during the day. The stem diameter also shrank during the day and expanded at night, but the nocturnal increase in stem diameter during drought stress treatment was greater for stressed plants compared with well-watered controls. Drought stress significantly promoted ¹³C partitioning from the fed leaf to other parts of the plant; the stem was the largest beneficiary. Soluble carbohydrates accumulated in various plant parts under the influence of the stress, but starch concentration declined in all organs except the stem. These results indicated that stem growth was promoted by drought stress compared to pod growth at the early grain-filling stage.
3

The effect of phosphorus deficiency on nutrient uptake, nitrogen fixation and photosynthetic rate in mashbean, mungbean and soybean

64%
Chaudhary M. I., Adu-Gyamfi J. J., Saneoka H., Nguyen N. T., Suwa R., Kanai S., El-Shemy H. A., Lightfoot D. A., Fujita K.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2008
|
tom 30
|
nr 4
Phosphorous (P) fertilization is the major mineral nutrient yield determinant among legume crops. However, legume crops vary widely in the ability to take up and use P during deficiency. The aim here was to compare P uptake and translocation, biological nitrogen fixing ability and photosynthetic rate among mashbean (Vigna aconitifolia cv. ‘Mash-88’), mungbean (Vigna radiata cv. ‘Moong-6601’) and soybean (Glycine max L. cv. ‘Tamahomare’) during deficiency in hydroponics. Two treatments, the withdrawal of P from the solution (Pdeprivation) and continued P at 160 lM (P sufficient) were effected at the pod initiation stage. Plants were grown for 20 days. Short-term labeling with 32P showed the uptake and distribution of P into plant parts. Withdrawal of P from the solution reduced biomass, photosynthetic activity, and nitrogen fixing ability in mungbean, and mashbean more than in soybean. P deprivation decreased P accumulation more than N accumulation. The decrease was more severe in mungbean and mashbean than soybean. More P was translocated and distributed into leaves in soybean than in mungbean and mashbean. Leaf P amount was more correlated to leaf area than to photosynthetic rate per unit leaf area among all three legume species. The results indicate that selection for increased efficiency of P utilization and leaf area may be used to improve leguminous crops.
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