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Left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) is a rare cardiomyopathy that results from unsettled embryogenesis of myocardium. It is morphologically characterised by the presence of non-compacted, this is hypertrabeculated, myocardium of the left ventricle with deep endocardial recesses. The clinical spectrum of symptoms is very wide — from asymptomatic patients through the cases of heart failure to the patients requiring heart transplantation. The diagnosis is most frequently based on the echocardiography. LVNC is often coexisted with other heart defects and coronary artery abnormalities. We described a case of a 58-year-old man with LVNC and coronary artery anomalies. (Folia Morphol 2015; 74, 4: 518–523)
Background. Medical professionals frequently experience low back pain as a result of mechanical overload caused by prolonged standing, performing activities in a position of trunk flexion, extended work hours and physically stressful duties. The above-mentioned stresses, when they exceed the adaptive capacity of the tissues, can lead to pain, degenerative changes and even disability. Material and methods. 114 employees, including 48 (42%) physicians and 66 (58%) nurses, were examined. Their average age was 42.08±9.43 years, and the average years of work experience was 17.16±10.36 years. To assess the occurrence of low back pain, a standardized Oswestry Questionnaire was used, while for assessments of ergonomics an original questionnaire was used. Results. 95 respondents (83.33%), including 31 physicians (64.58%) and 64 nurses (96.96%), did not apply the principles of ergonomics in the work environment. The most common reasons were that working conditions were not conducive to ergonomic approaches to their duties and that there were not enough medical personnel to make ergonomic choices possible. All subjects experienced back pain. The Oswestry Questionnaire was used to determine the degree of disability caused by back pain. Among the physicians, the majority of respondents (n=35, 73%) experienced a small degree of disability, while the nurses experienced a moderate amount of disability (n= 35, 53%). Conclusions. Most of the examined personnel did not apply principles of ergonomics and had incomplete knowledge in this area. All subjects were burdened with low back pain, one of every ten of them were seriously affected. The results indicate the need to provide ergonomics education to medical personnel.
Background. Low physical activity and the increasing number of overweight and obese people contribute to the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in society. Classic risk factors and improper lifestyle increase the risk of their occurrence, progression and mortality in patients. The aim of the study was assessment of physical activity and nutrition behaviours in people with abnormal body weight and cardiovascular diseases. Material and methods. The study involved 152 patients including 70 men and 82 women aged 23-95 years (mean 55.4 ± 14.04 years). The study used the International Physical Activity Questionnaire IPAQ in its seven-day version and an original questionnaire. The data were collected in a database and Statistica v.10 was used for a statistical analysis. Results. The average energy expenditure amounted to 1.422 MET. 50% of the participant demonstrated sufficient physical activity, 36% low, and only 14% high. Only 15% of the respondents did exercises. Despite being overweight and obese, 66% of the respondents did not follow a diet and only 17% of them consumed 5 meals a day. Conclusions. Despite the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases and abnormal body weight, physical activity was low in the study group, and the knowledge in this regard was limited. In addition a significant number of respondents did not exhibit healthy behaviours.
Background: The prevalence of diabetes is increasing annually, and diabetes is associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Diabetes can significantly increase the risk of developing coronary heart disease, stroke, hypertension or ischemia of the lower limbs. Furthermore, the presence of other risk factors including; being overweight or obesity, having hypertension, having excessive stress or having low levels of physical activity also contribute to this risk as well as contributing to disease progression and mortality among patients. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease among patients with diabetes, and to assess their knowledge in this regard. Material and methods: In total, 202 patients (121 females, 81 males) aged 25–74 (mean age = 58.7) were assessed in this study, from a Polish primary care setting. Inclusion criteria included a confirmed diagnosis of diabetes and that patients had given informed consent to participate in the study. We utilized a questionnaire to assess knowledge in areas related to cardiovascular disease prevention including; physical activity, diet and lifestyle. For statistical analysis Statistica v.10.0 was used. Results: The most common cardiovascular disease risk factors included; diabetes (n = 202, 100%), obesity (n = 107; 53.0%) and stress (n = 116; 57.4%). Other contributing factors included; low physical activity (n = 179; 88.6%) and being overweight (n = 176; 87.1%). There were statistically significant differences between the number of risk factors and variables including; sex (p < 0.001), age (p < 0.001), the level of knowledge (p < 0.001) and the duration of the disease. Conclusions: Patients with diabetes had many risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease and their knowledge of their disease was shown to be incomplete. The results indicate the need for more extensive health education in this area in order to reduce the number of risk factors and disease development.
Background. Coronary arteriosclerosis risk factors increase the probability of the coronary heart disease and accompanying complications to a significant extent, acting independently from other circumstances. Material and methods. The study was conducted in a group of 250 students of the 1st-year medical studies, using an independently prepared questionnaire relating to the risk factors and particular lifestyles. Results. 1. Level of knowledge of the examined students on coronary arteriosclerosis risk factors: obesity - 250(100%); reduced physical activity - 240(96%); smoking - 230(92%); unhealthy diet - 223(89%); elevated LDL cholesterol concentration - 218(87%); arterial hypertension - 210(84%). 2. Incidence of coronary arteriosclerosis risk factors in students: strong family history - 75(30%); excessive stress - 50(20%); reduced physical activity - 190(76%); smoking - 55(22%), alcohol abuse - 95(38%). 3. Lifestyle of the examined group of students: eating fast-food – 180 (72%); drinking energetic beverages – 82(33%); “trying” and using drugs – 88(35%); insufficient amount of sleep – 190(76%). Conclusions. 1. Level of the examined students’ knowledge on coronary arteriosclerosis risk factors is satisfactory. 2. Despite the satisfactory level of knowledge on risk factors, their incidence in the tested group is significant. 3. Majority of the examined students live a healthy lifestyle.
W pracy przeprowadzono analizę rozwoju infrastruktury wodno-ściekowej w woj. lubelskim w latach 2000-2010. Ponadto na podstawie wyników badań ankietowych, wykonanych w 70 wybranych gminach województwa, przedstawiono stan podstawowych elementów infrastruktury wodno-ściekowej w 2011 r. Stwierdzono dużą dysproporcję pomiędzy rozwojem sieci wodociągowej i kanalizacyjnej na terenach wiejskich woj. lubelskiego w pierwszej dekadzie XXI wieku. Odnotowano, że w 2011 r. w wybranych gminach województwa (głównie wiejskich) z sieci wodociągowej korzystało 84,8% ludności, a z sieci kanalizacyjnej tylko 18,6%. W latach 2000-2010 w woj. lubelskim odnotowano stopniowy postęp w zakresie budowy sieci kanalizacyjnych, a szczególnie w przypadku zbiorowych i przydomowych oczyszczalni ścieków, który był możliwy głównie dzięki funduszom unijnym pozyskanym przez jednostki samorządowe. W analizowanym okresie wśród zbiorowych oczyszczalni ścieków najczęściej stosowano oczyszczalnie biologiczne, a w przypadku obiektów przydomowych - systemy z drenażem rozsączającym.
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