Ograniczanie wyników

Czasopisma help
Autorzy help
Lata help
Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 200

Liczba wyników na stronie
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 10 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników

Wyniki wyszukiwania

help Sortuj według:

help Ogranicz wyniki do:
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 10 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
Experiments to assess the effectiveness of the immunostimulator methisoprinol (Polfa Grodzisk Pharmaceuticals, Poland) focused on its impact on the innate immune response. The impact of different doses of methisoprinol on organ leukocytes isolated from the kidneys and spleens of African catfish that were subjected to or not subjected to the suppressive impact of iridovirus. The results indicate that the addition of methisoprinol causes increased respiratory burst activity (RBA), potential killing activity (PKA), and proliferative activity of lymphocytes T and B in response to mitogens. Methisoprinol stimulates the mechanisms of cellular immunity that are linked to the activation of T lymphocytes, which can impact the antiviral activity of this preparation after its application in vivo.
The purpose of the study was to determine the cytotoxicity of commercial silver, gold, and copper nanocolloids towards two established cell lines (NIH/3T3 and GMK) and primar) chick embryo cell culture (CECC), using routine colorimetric assays: MTT, NRU, and LDH, which enable a preliminary evaluation of the mechanism of cytotoxic effect of the tested substances. The MTT assay evaluates the activity of mitochondria, NRU assay reveals the damage to lysosomes, while LDH assay shows injuries to the cytoplasmic membrane. The NRU assay proved to be non-applicable to the tested nanocolloids, most probably due to the interaction of nanoparticles with neutral red dye, which affected the colorimetric reaction. The MTT assay was more sensitive than LDH because the intercellular effect of a substance occurs before permanent damage to the cytoplasmic membrane. Silver nanocolloid was distinguished by the highest cytotoxicity, irrespective of the applied cell model, although the other two metals showed some cytotoxic effects as well, with gold nanocolloid being more toxic than copper one. Although the primary chick embryo cell culture, as a model reflecting more faithfully the conditions in a living organism than continuous cell lines, was undistinguished by elevated tolerance to the most toxic silver nanocolloid, it showed the tendency to recovery from the growth suppression with longer exposure after the application of less toxic gold and copper nanocolloids.
The IHN virus induces high mortality among fishes, especial rainbow trout fingerlings. This study focuses on the in vitro influence of IHN virus on spleen phagocyte activity and the proliferative response of pronephros lymphocytes stimulated by mitogens ConA and LPS. The results indicate that the IHN virus decreased the metabolic activity (RBA) and potential killing activity (PKA) of spleen phagocytes statistically significantly (P<0.05). A similar pattern was observed in lymphocyte activity, with the IHN virus statistically significantly (P<0.05) decreasing the proliferative response of pronephros lymphocytes stimulated by mitogens ConA and LPS. The results of this study showed that IHN virus suppressed cell-mediated immunity in rainbow trout.
9
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
Content available

Retroviruses of wild and cultured fish

64%
Retroviruses comprise a large group of enveloped RNA viruses which have been found in a wide range of vertebrate species including fish. To date a number of fish retrovirus genomes have been partially or completely sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis and genome organization indicate a high diversity of fish retroviruses as well as some unique structural features that have not been found in any other retroviruses. Piscine retroviruses comprise both exogenous and endogenous viruses; most of them are associated with proliferative diseases. Because several of these proliferative diseases have a seasonal trend, they provide an excellent model for studying tumor development and regression. The aim of this work was to review the best-described fish retroviruses.
The growing popularity of nanotechnology in the past decade has increased nanomaterial concentrations in the environment and the risk of their toxicity for aquatic organisms. Metal nanoparticles, which are easily absorbed and accumulated by fish, are probably able to interact directly with their immunocompetent cells. The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effect of commercially available silver, gold and copper nanocolloids on the rainbow trout leukocyte and splenocyte activity. At high concentrations, all of the nanocolloids studied had adverse effects on the proliferative response of trout lymphocytes, and the most toxic of them, silver, decreased also the respiratory burst activity of splenocytes. Low concentrations of silver nanocolloid, however, had a stimulating effect on the lymhocyte proliferation.
Metallic nanoparticles, mainly silver ones, have been widely used as antibacterial agents, and some studies shown they also exert direct antiviral activity against both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses. The objective of this study has been to evaluate the virucidal activity of commercial silver, gold, copper and platinum nanocolloids, recommended by the manufacturer as antimicrobials, against the ECBO virus, according to Polish Standard PN-EN 14675:2006. The highest experimentally observed decrease in the viral load was 0.875 log, which - when contrasted with the reduction in virus titre of at least 4 log expected from disinfectants - indicates that none of the analyzed nanocolloids had a disinfectant power towards the ECBO virus under the conditions defined by the standard.
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 10 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.