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A 5-month-old and 2 kg body weight male domestic shorthaired cat was referred with 4 days history of gait worsening. It had progressed to paraplegia by the day of admission. The cat had a history of fall from a tree with no obvious trauma 4 weeks before presentation. CT-myelography revealed marked asymmetrical extradural compression caused by a questionable soft tissue density in the right dorsal aspect of the vertebral canal at the L4 vertebra. A right-sided hemilaminectomy centered near the base of the spinal process of the L4 vertebra was performed. After opening the spinal canal pus exuded from the epidural space, and a large amount of friable tissue compressed of the spinal cord was retrieved. The dorso-lateral part of the exposed dural sac was covered by a layer of reddish granulation tissue. The cat was ambulatory but weak with deep pain perception 3 days after surgery. Histopathological analysis of tissue retrieved from the spinal canal revealed pyogranulomatous inflammation. No etiological agents were isolated in the aerobic and anaerobic bacterial culture. A follow-up examination 6 months postoperatively showed good progress in ambulation, with mild prioprioceptive deficits in the hind limbs. Spinal epidural empyema in cats is a very rare condition. Till now, two such cases have been described. The presented case broadens the knowledge about this disease in cats. Spinal epidural empyema should be included in a list of possible causes for cats with progressive myelopathy and spinal pain.
Ureteral ectopia congenita (UEC) is one of the most common reasons of urinary incontinence in young dogs. Surgery is the definitive treatment for the correction of this congenital abnormality. In the years 2006-2008, the authors found 8 patients with incontinence history. After diagnostic imaging and the confirmation of the authors’ suspicion of ectopic ureter, the owners decided to treat their pets by the surgical procedure. Two of the patients had an intermittent urine-losing failure, in the rest the urine loss was permanent. The authors found the condition significantly more common in beaches than males. The intravenous excretory urography was the primary method of diagnosing ureteral ectopia in the patients. The operation technique applied depended on the location of the distal part of the ureter and on the anatomical variations of the orifices, if found during the medial laparotomy. In all patients neoureterostomy was performed. Visibly dilated ureters and a distinctly different size of the kidneys were the most common additional anomalies of the urinary system, found in 5 patients. Altogether, eight patients were treated by surgery. In interviews conducted 6 to 31 months after the procedure, the owners of 6 dogs were satisfied with its results. The other two dogs were found greatly improved but with persistent incontinence incidents associated with relaxation or recumbency, particularly at night.
In a 9-years-old Labrador retriever, signs of severe weakness and a dark brown colour of urine were observed. During clinical examination, pain of the abdominal cavity and muscles was noted. Abdominal x-ray and ultrasound examination revealed signs of intestinal obstruction. The activity of creatine kinase was 187380 U/l. The diagnosis of acute muscle damage was made. Treatment included antibiotic and analgesic therapy, as well as aggressive fluid infusion. No additional treatments were required, and the dog made a speedy recovery. The rapid and intensive treatment prevented acute renal failure, which is a life-threatening complication of acute rhabdomyolisis. This is the first case of acute idiopathic rhabdomyolysis in a dog in Poland. An early intensive fluid therapy and a critical interpretation of radiological signs of intestinal obstruction are crucial for successful therapy.
Intervertebral Hansen type I disc extrusion is a common neurological disease in chondrodystrophoid dogs. This lesion occurs most frequently at the thoracolumbar part of the spine. The aim of this study was to describe clinical problems attributable to simultaneous disc extrusion in the Th12-13 and Th13-L1 intervertebral spaces in two shorthaired Dachshunds (6-year-old female and 9-year-old male). Both dogs lost the ability to walk suddenly, after a period of running or jumping. The diagnosis was based on clinical examination results, myelography (female dog) or myelo-CT (male dog). The dogs were treated by decompressive surgery. The female dog was euthanized during the operation because of myelomalacia. The male regained neurological function five weeks after the surgery. These two cases demonstrate the need to include double intervertebral disc extrusion in a differential diagnosis of chondrodystrophoid dogs with the palsy of pelvic limbs.
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