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This paper is about evaluation of the implementation of Local Rural Development Strategies (LRDS). We have examined what the success of the seven Leader principles is, because many LRDSs could only partly achieve their goals. The mid-term review of these strategies is going on right now. So there is still opportunity to change the regulation in order to make the accomplishment of this initiative more prosperous. If the system changes in a positive way, there will be development. If the change is undesired, there will be decay or degradation. The aim of our article is to assist to the development of the new Leader Programme. By this article we would like to improve the Hungarian Leader program, which will be able to generate development in a positive way. In addition, we would like to highlight the importance of the viability which is the basic condition of operation of LAGs. As long as viability is not present in a community, it is difficult to talk about endogenous development. If viability is present in a community, the heuristic self-organisation theory needs to be adopted. Leader initiative is said to be socially inclusive. However, our research findings have shown that Leader partnerships in Hungary are not based on full inclusion, since LAGs are often characterized by male dominance and there is a danger that partnerships may be controlled by elite groups.
We often face the question how a development strategy can be maintained. What sustainability means and is there a general approach which is able to describe these condition systems in any region or community of a country. Each area has different physical and mental characteristics and one certain development concept may be applied in one country but the same concept causes damages to the other (and it can be true even for the different regions and communities of one country). Our paper outlines general guidelines that are suitable for describing complex problems. The development of rural areas can be defined as an interdisciplinary field of science synthetizing more scientific fields and built from different approaches due to its complexity. These approaches often have system theory roots and their overall review is required very much.
Investigating regional differences on a domestic and international scale is a current scientific issue. EU integration after enlargement in 2004 has provided a more complex picture. In the present study, the assessment of regional differences is based on the much criticized but most widely accepted measure – GDP per capita of the NUTS 2 regions of EU member states standardized by purchasing power parity. The study is based on three major issues, providing the following hypotheses: (H1) not all of the capital regions are the most progressive amongst member states; (H2) the Eastern European countries’ capital region is not included in the first 20% of the development list; (H3) the farther we are from the centre of the EU, the higher the territorial discrepancies within the regions of each member state. Due to the complexity of EU territory, only some hypotheses have been possible to understand and justify.
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