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EAE (Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis) is the animal model of Multiple Sclerosis, an autoimmune and neurodegenerative human disease. Proposed method for autoimmune diseases treatment is to evoke oral tolerance, which is lack of response to fed antigen. Our previous experiments showed that pig spinal cord hydrolysate, which is source of myelin antigens is able to evoke oral tolerance in EAE rats. The aim of our study was to investigate, if treatement with pig spinal cord hydrolysate has any toxic effects on rats. Twelve female Lewis rats were fed with pig spinal cord hydrolysate (500mg/kg) or PBS (control group, 0,5ml per rat) each day for one month. One day after the last day of feeding animals were sacrified, and the main organs were collected. Organs were fixed in 10% formalin, postfixed in paraffin, cut into slices and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Slices were analysed using the light microscope. Every spleen, thymus and adrenal gland was weighted to count relative mass. Number of spleen megakaryocytes in 1mm2 was counted. There were no changes observed in any brain, heart, stomach, intestine, uterus and ovary preparations. We observed single changes in rats liver, kidney, thymus, mesenteric lymph node, adrenal gland, and in the number of spleen megakaryocytes, but not corelated with experimental group. The fact that we did not find any significant changes in rat organs can confirm that pig spinal cord hydrolysate is safe for rats. Supported by N302 009 32/1139 grant.
The aim of our study was to evoke oral tolerance with hydrolisate of spinal cord of pig used for feeding the experimental animals/ rats/After induction of tolerance animals were immunised by injection of guine pig spinal cord homogenate with Freund’s adjuvant to induce of EAE, which is an animal model of sclerosis multiplex. Clinical course was have been observed, histopatological study ,ultramicroscopic study and metalloproteinases determination in serum were done. Study of lymphocytes proliferation and level of cytokines IL-4,Il-6, Inf-gamma and TGF-beta were also performed. Clinical course of EAE after hydrolisate treatment has been milder than control. TNF in brains was decreased. Metalloproteases increased in EAE, after hydrolisate treatment were diminished by 30%. Some changes in blood brain barrier/BBB/ as opened tight junction and other changes in early phase of EAE as karioskeletal damage with vesicular structures in karioplasm, compartmentalisation of the endoplasmic reticulum in numbers of phagolisosomes, desorganisation of sheets myelin, neoangiogenesis of parenchyma of the cerebral cortex has been diminished. Mechanism of this effects is probably through active suppression involving diminishing production of IL-4 and interferon gamma as well as increasing production of Il-10 and TGF alfa. All above results indicate that mixture of neuropeptides in spinal cord hydrolisate given orally decrease immunological response to myelin antigens and gave an implication for using oral tolerance to support multiple sclerosis/ MS/ treatment.
Background: Recently has been proposed to apply a method of oral tolerance to ameliorate auto-immune reactions. The aim of this study was to use the hydrolysate of pig spinal cord proteins (mixture of neuroantigens) to induce oral tolerance in the animal model of sclerosis multiplex (SM) ñ experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). Methods: The female Lewis rats were fed with pig spinal cord hydrolysate in two doses for one week before immunization, which was induced by injection of guinea pig spinal cord homogenate. The clinical course was observed and evaluated in a fi ve grade scale. At the peak of clinical symptoms (the 13th day post immunization) the rats were sacrifi ced and the spleen removed. Splenocytes were suspended in a culture medium and placed in microculture plates. The cells were stimulated with homogenate alone, hydrolysate alone, mixture of homogenate + hydrolysate, and medium alone. The cells were cultured for seven days. Subsequently, proliferation of splenocytes was estimated by means of [3H]thymidine incorporation and expressed in cpm (average of triplicate samples). In supernatants of cultures of splenocytes the level of cytokines interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-10, IL-4, and tumor growth factor (TGF)-α was measured. Results: It was demonstrated that homogenate-induced splenocytes of hydrolysate-fed rats gave rise to low proliferation as compared to the controls used. The IFN-γ was inhibited in hydrolysate-fed animals as well as in hydrolysate-stimulated samples. Conclusion: The results show that the hydrolysate of pig spinal cord proteins has a modulatory effect on the immune reaction, particularly on the orally-induced antigen-specifi c modulation of autoimmune response. It might have a clinical implication in SM treatment.
The aim of this study was to use the hydrolysate of pig spinal cord proteins to induce oral tolerance in the animal model of sclerosis multiplex experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. The female Lewis rats were fed with hydrolysate of pig spinal cord proteins in two doses for one week before immunization, which was induced by injection of guinea pig spinal cord homogenate. At the peak of clinical symptoms (the 13th day post immunization) the rats were sacrificed and the spleen removed. Splenocytes were suspended in a culture medium and placed in microculture plates. The cells were stimulated with homogenate. The cells were cultured for seven days. Proliferation of splenocytes was estimated by means of methyl- 3H thymidine incorporation. In supernatants of cultures of splenocytes the level of cytokines INF-γ, IL-10, IL-4, and TGF-γ was measured. It was demonstrated that homogenate-induced splenocytes of hydrolysate-fed rats gave rise to low proliferation as compared to the controls used. The IFN-γ was inhibited in hydrolysate-fed animals. The hydrolysate of pig spinal cord proteins has a modulatory effect on the immune reaction, particularly on the orally-induced antigen-specific modulation of autoimmune response.
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