Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 23

Liczba wyników na stronie
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 2 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników

Wyniki wyszukiwania

help Sortuj według:

help Ogranicz wyniki do:
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 2 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
Лишь в начале 80-ых годов люди начали осознавать экологические последствия ядерной войны. По мнению американских и советских экспертов последствием такой войны было бы полное разрушение цивилизации на западном полушарии. Не надо тоже пренебрегать последствиями употребления химического и биологического оружия. Необходимым является уход от традиционных военных доктрин, благополучное продолжение переговоров по разоружению а тоже распрострaнение новых интернационалистических отношений между людьми.
Every year 1000-1500 events, accidents, failures and disasters occur which result in serious and extensive environmental hazards. Defining a comprehensive concept of preparedness and response in chemical emergencies is essential. The author describes the concepts of accident and disaster, presents their catalogue and discusses timing and other aspects of emergency response. He also presents the forms of management and organization of emergency services.
Proteasome dysfunction is involved in pathomechanism of several neurodegenerative diseases where an accumulation of aberrant proteins occurs (e.g. Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease). Lactacystin (LC) has been used for induction of proteasome inhibition-dependent neuronal cell death for several years but mechanism of its toxic action on neurons is still poorly understood. In the present study we showed time- and concentration-dependent toxic action of lactacystin (0.25–50 μM) in mouse cortical neurons. Although, lactacystin induced caspase-3 activation, its toxic action was not attenuated by caspase-3 inhibitor AcDEVD-CHO. We demonstrated that inhibitors of MAPK/ERK1/2 cellular signaling (U0126 and PD98052) were protective against LC-evoked cell death as confi rmed by LDH and MTT reduction assays. Moreover, these data were verifi ed by Western Blot analysis, where we observed the increase in ERK1/2 activity after LC treatment and this effect was inhibited by U0126. The obtained data point to engagement of activation of MAPK/ERK1/2 in toxic action of lactacystin and give a rationale for using agents which inhibit this intracellular pathway in treatment of neurodegenerative diseases connected with proteasome dysfunction. Supported by Polish MNSW Scientifi c Network Fund no 26/E-40/BWSN-0023/2008.
INTRODUCTION: Depression frequently accompanied to Parkinson’s disease (PD). AIM(S): The aim of the study was to examine the effects of chronic treatment with amitriptyline(AMI) and L-DOPA on binding to dopamine (DAT), serotonin (SERT) and norepinephrine (NET) transporters in the substantia nigra (SN) and striatum (STR) of the unilaterally 6-OHDA-lesioned rats. METHOD(S): Experiments were performed on Wistar Han rats receiving unilaterally 16 µg/4 µl of 6-OHDA into the medial forebrain bundle (MFB). Two weeks later, rats exhibiting at least 100 contralateral turns/1 h in the apomorphine test were treated with AMI (10 mg/kg) and L-DOPA (12 mg/kg), alone or in combination, once daily for 21 consecutive days. The rats were sacrificed 1h after the last injection, their brains were dissected and frozen. The binding of [3H] GBR 12,935 to DAT, [3H] citalopram to SERT and [3H] nisoxetine to NET was assayed on nigral and striatal tissue sections. RESULTS: Injection of 6-OHDA into MFB caused a decline in [3H] GBR 12,935 binding to DAT in the ipsilateral SN and STR. On the contralateral side comes to up-regulation of DAT expression both in the STR and SN. AMI but not L-DOPA alone, lowered DAT expression in the contralateral STR. In the contralateral SN, DAT expression in drug treated groups was maintained at a control level. In the SN, the unilateral lesion of dopaminergic innervation caused a significant up-regulation of [3H] citalopram binding to SERT on both sides while in the STR only on the contralateral side. In both structures, L-DOPA did not change [3H] citalopram binding to SERT while AMI, alone or in combination, decreased it markedly on both sides. L-DOPA also decreased NET expression in the STR on both sides while AMI, alone or in combination maintained at the control level. CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicates that AMI can modulate the release of L-DOPA derived dopamine from serotonergic terminals on ipsilateral side and serotonin on contralateral one. The obtained data is discussed within the context of motor functions in PD.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The objective of the present study was to examine rotational behavior and monoamine metabolism in motor (striatum, STR; substantia nigra, SN) and limbic (prefrontal cortex, PFC; hippocampus, HIP) brain structures of unilaterally 6-OHDA-lesioned rats treated chronically with the chosen selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs): fluoxetine or paroxetine alone or jointly with L-DOPA. METHODS: The experiment was performed on male Wistar rats injected unilaterally with 6-OHDA (16 μg/4 μl) into the medial forebrain bundle. Two weeks later, the animals were tested for the rotational behavior induced by apomorphine. Rats exhibiting more than 100 contralateral turns/1 h were administered fluoxetine (5 mg/kg) or paroxetine (5 mg/kg) and L-dopa (12 mg/kg), alone or in combination, once daily for 21 consecutive days. Rotational behavior was recorded after the first and the penultimate doses of the examined drugs. The levels of dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT), and their metabolites were determined in the tissue homogenates of motor and limbic brain structures 1h after the last drug injections using HPLC method. RESULTS: Chronic combined administration of fluoxetine+L-DOPA significantly increased while paroxetine+L-DOPA decreased the number of contralateral rotations compared to the group receiving L-DOPA alone. L-DOPA given alone or jointly with SSRIs increased DA levels on both sides of all the examined structures. Fluoxetine intensified L-DOPA effect in the HIP while paroxetine in the SN. Joint administration of fluoxetine+L-DOPA decreased 5-HT level in the ipsilateral SN more distinctly than each of these drugs alone. Paroxetine+L-DOPA evoked similar decreases in tissue 5-HT content in the ipsilateral STR, HIP and PFC. CONCLUSION: The obtained data are discussed in the context of motor and psychiatric disturbances observed in Parkinson’s disease. The study was supported by the Project “Depression-MechanismsTherapy” – POIG.01.01.02-12-004/09-00.
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 2 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.