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1

Neutralization on the negative effects of acid rain on the development of Larix decidua Mill. seedlings be means of mineral fertilization

100%

Malek S.

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej w Krakowie. Leśnictwo

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1991

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tom 21

2

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Effect of the age of spruce stands on the balance of elements in the Potok Dupniański catchment

100%

Malek S.

Dendrobiology

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2004

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tom 51 Supplement

The study analyses the transfer of F-, Cl-, NO3-, SO42-, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Mn2+ and Zn2+ from bulkprecipitation to throughfall, soil surface flow, vertical flow and intercover flow of water (gravity lysimeters at 20 cm soil depth) in spruce stands of different age classes (1st, 2nd, 5th, 6th), and the amount of these ions flowing out from the Potok Dupniański catchment in the Silesian Beskid Mts. The results cover the year 2000. The concentration and amount of SO4 2- in throughfall systematically increased and the pH value decreased with the age of the stands and with successive elements of the ecosystem. The NH4+ ion was probably absorbed in the canopy, which caused a washout of K+, Mn2+, F- and SO42- in the vegetation season in older stands. In the winter season, Fe2+, Mn2+, Na+ and K+ were washed out from the youngest stands (1st age class), whereas F-, NO3 -, SO42--, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Mn2+ and Fe2+ – from older canopies. Decomposition of the organic matter caused a rise in water acidity and an increase in the concentrations of all the analysed ions; their leaching, however, was low (under 1%). Water from intercover flow contributed to an increase in the amount of water and the concentration and amount of ions and to a further decrease in water reaction at a soil depth of 20 cm. All the anions and cations flowed away with water penetrating vertically and horizontally. Considerable amounts of ions, especially SO42-, Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+, were carried beyond the reach of the main mass of the root system and then out of the catchment, which may adversely affect the development and health of spruce stands.

3

The effect of "acid rain" and fertilizers on the development of Pinus sylvestris L. seedlings

100%

Malek S.

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry

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1998

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tom 40

5-23

4

Struktura i dynamika opadu organicznego w drzewostanie bukowym na powierzchni monitoringowej w Ojcowskim Parku Narodowym w latach 1995-2000

100%

Malek S.

Leśne Prace Badawcze

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2006

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nr 3

71-82

5

Sustainability of Picea abies of Istebna provenance in Dupniański Stream catchment as dependent on stand age class

100%

Malek S.

Dendrobiology

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2009

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tom 61 Supplement

Ecochemical indexes such as soil buffer reaction (pH), acid neutralising capacity (ANCaq), alkalinity (ALK), soil acidity (Ma%), basic cation saturation (BS), and molar ratios Ca:Al and BC:Al were used to study the sustainability of Norway spruce of Istebna provenance in stands differing in age class. The data were obtained from the research conducted in the Dupniański Stream catchment in the Silesian Beskid Mts. (Poland). The acid neutralising capacity, alkalinity, and soil acidity were found to depend on the age of spruce stands. The increased acidification of deposits was due to the presence of sulphate and nitrate ions which were washed out from the surface of plants. Passing through the canopy caused a decrease in the acid neutralising capacity, alkalinity, and base cation saturation, and an increase in the soil acidity, with the values being dependent on stand age. The soil acid reaction shifted to the range of the aluminium and iron bufferness, but the Ca:Al and BC:Al ratios were still above the level when aluminium stress is probable. The washout of the basic cations beyond the spruce root system, and the low levels of exchangeable Mg2+ and Ca2+, basic cation saturation of soil water, and effective base saturation of soil may affect the vitality and health of spruce stands in the future. To maintain the sustainability of Norway spruce stands of Istebna provenance in the Dupniański Stream catchment it is necessary to increase the retention of basic elements, especially Mg2+ and Ca2+, by means of stand conversion or fertilisation.

6

Quality assessment of spring water from the area of the Lysogory Mts. in Swietokrzyski National Park in 2010

63%

Jasik M., Malek S.

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry

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2013

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tom 55

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nr 1

The study was conducted in the year 2010 in the Łysogóry Mts. in Świętokrzyski National Park. Spring water samples were collected in three rounds. The first round was carried out after the period of snowmelt (March/ April 2010), the second – after intensive rainfall (May 2010) and the third – when water levels were low (July 2010). The data set attained concerned conductivity, water pH, and also concentrations of the foremost anions (Cl-, NO3 -, SO4 2-) and cations (NH4 +, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+). Spring water quality was assessed in line with Polish policy on groundwater (Regulation of the Minister of Environment of 23 July 2008, The results confirmed that spring water quality strongly depended on wet acid deposition and the geological structure. Tree species (fir and beech), exposition and soil types within the alimentation area did not influence water chemistry. Spring water were found in low quality classes according to Polish standards due to low water pH as well as high NO3 - and NH4 + concentration.

7

Analiza masy pierwiastkow docierajacych do wierzchniej warstwy gleby drzewostanu bukowego w Lesnym Zakladzie Doswiadczalnym w Krynicy w latach 1997 i 1998

63%

Malek S., Wezyk P.

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej w Krakowie. Sesja Naukowa

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2000

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tom 69

93-102

8

Charakterystyka chemiczna wod powierzchniowych zlewni Potok Dupnianski w Beskidzie Slaskim

63%

Malek S., Gaweda T.

Sylwan

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2006

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tom 150

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nr 02

29-36

9

Historia lasow zlewni Potok Dupnianski w Beskidzie Slaskim

63%

Malek S., Gaweda T.

Sylwan

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2005

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tom 149

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nr 09

51-58

10

Charakterystyka chemiczna wód powierzchniowych zlewni Potoku Dupniańskiego oraz Olzy w Beskidzie Śląskim

63%

Malek S., Gaweda T.

Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego. Inżynieria Środowiska

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2004

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nr 12[131]

11

Content of macronutrients in needles and litterfall in Norway spruce stands of different age in the Potok Dupnianski catchment, the Silesian Beskid

63%

Malek S., Grabowski L.

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry

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2010

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tom 52

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nr 2

12

Charakterystyka chemiczna zrodel Potoku Dupnianskiego w Beskidzie Slaskim

63%

Malek S., Gaweda T.

Sylwan

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2006

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tom 150

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nr 03

39-46

13

Zmiany wybranych cech drzewostanu bukowego na powierzchniach doświadczalnych w Leśnym Zakładzie Doświadczalnym w Krynicy w latach 1998-2012

63%

Nosal P., Malek S.

Acta Agraria et Silvestria. Series Silvestris

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2014

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tom 52

14

The effect of environmental conditions on surface water quality in the Zimnik and Czyrna catchments of the Beskid Śląski

63%

Malek S., Krakowian K.

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2009

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nr 13a

15

Analiza przydatności do picia wód źródeł Zimnika i Czyrnej w Beskidzie Śląskim

63%

Malek S., Krakowian K.

Ochrona Środowiska i Zasobów Naturalnych

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2009

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nr 38

16

The amount of elements reached upper soil layer in beech stands in the Ojcow National Park in 1997 and 1998

63%

Malek S., Wezyk P.

Ochrona Środowiska i Zasobów Naturalnych

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1999

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tom 18

17

Element content of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands of different densities

51%

Skonieczna J., Malek S., Polowy K., Wegiel A.

Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty

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2014

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tom 57

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nr 192

Modern forestry management should be based on the principle of sustainability.In order to preserve habitat productivity, the amount of nutrients removed from the environment along with forestry products must be taken into consideration. This study shows the exact concentrations of chemical elements in different tree parts of Scots pine, growing on poor soils in north-western Poland. The observedvalues were compared to the values found in literature. In addition, the relationship between the concentrations of elements and stem diameter or stand density was researched. The highest concentration of chemical elements was observed in the needles (C, N, P, K, Mg, S, Mn, Na, Fe) and the lowest (C, N, P, S, Cu, Na, Ni, Pb, Zn, Fe) in the stem wood. Most of the macronutrients (P, K, Ca, Mg and S) reached optimal values, with the exception of N showing a deficiency, especially in the needles. The relationship between the content of elements and DBH or stand density was rather weak, and in both cases, negative.

18

Allocation of elements in a chronosequence of silver birch afforested on former agricultural lands

51%

Gaweda T., Malek S., Zasada M.

Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty

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2014

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tom 57

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nr 192

Research on the effect of birch regeneration on changes occurring in the environment on former farmlands included a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the biomass growing on the research plots. Five experimental plots were selected in the Mazovia region: two in Dobieszyn and the Kampinos National Park and one in Kozienice. The analysis performed on each plot was concerned with the amount and chemical composition of biomass in four patches of vegetation, characterised by the different ages of the birch trees growing there. The vegetation patches were classified according to age group, i.e. I: 1–4 years old, II: 5–8 years old, III: 9–12 years old and IV: over 12 years old. Biomass samples were collected in the field and determined in kg DM/ha using the following components: roots, stem, bark,branches, assimilation apparatus, litterfall and the total biomass of the other (except birch) plants. For all the above-mentioned groups, the content of the elements N, C, S, Ca, K, Mg, Na, P, Mn, Cu, Fe, Zn, Pb, and Cd was determined. This allowed us to obtain both the values of the concentrations of particular substancesand their allocation in both the organic matter and litterfall. The aim of theresearch was to discover whether the allocation of elements changes with the age of birch growing on former farmland.

19

Wpływ wylesień na krótkoterminowe zmiany składu chemicznego wody w zlewni Potoku Malinowskiego (Beskid Śląski)

51%

Kosmowska A., Zelazny M., Malek S., Siwek J. P.

Sylwan

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2015

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tom 159

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nr 09

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of deforestation caused by environmental pollution on the chemical composition of stream waters draining the small catchments located in the Skrzyczne massif (Beskid Śląski, southern Poland). In the 1950−60s this area was subjected to heavy anthropogenic pressure with excessive deposition of sulfur and nitrogen compounds. It resulted in the damage to the stands and deforestation of the ridge fragments of the studied area. The study was conducted in the catchment of the Malinowski Stream and its two subcatchments: forested and deforested in 2013. Waters of the studied streams characterized by low conductivity and mineralization. In the ridge subcatchments they were slightly acidic and in the main catchment – slightly alkaline. In all catchments anions were predominated by sulfates – with the largest in the deforested catchment (31% mval/L). Also nitrates had very large share in the structure of the chemical composition of water, particularly in the forested catchment (15% mval/L). Interestingly, there were low levels of bicarbonates, particularly in the ridge catchments, with their share lower than sulfates and nitrates. Cations in all streams were predominated by calcium. The structure of the chemical composition of water of the Malinowski Stream, expressed by the average share of individual ions was as follows: SO4−HCO3−NO3−Cl−F−Ca−Na−Mg−K−NH4, and in the case of streams draining small ridge catchments: – SO4−NO3−HCO3−Cl−F−Ca−Na−Mg−K−NH4. Conductivity of water decreased together with increased water levels in streams during floods. In the deforested catchment this decrease was more evident. The reaction of nitrate concentration to the increase in water level was however different, as in the stream draining the forested catchment it decreased sharply, while in the deforested catchment it decreased slightly or remained at the similar level. In the dry periods the chemical composition of waters of the examined streams were subject to far less change than during the floods, with the changes of e.g. conductivity being much higher in the stream draining the forested catchment.

20

Dynamika zmian zagrozenia rozpadem swierczyn Beskidu Slaskiego i Zywieckiego

51%

Barszcz J., Malek S., Majsterkiewicz K.

Prace Komisji Nauk Rolniczych, Leśnych i Weterynaryjnych. Polska Akademia Umiejętności

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2009

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nr 11

93-112

Ograniczanie wyników

Neutralization on the negative effects of acid rain on the development of Larix decidua Mill. seedlings be means of mineral fertilization

Effect of the age of spruce stands on the balance of elements in the Potok Dupniański catchment

The effect of "acid rain" and fertilizers on the development of Pinus sylvestris L. seedlings

Struktura i dynamika opadu organicznego w drzewostanie bukowym na powierzchni monitoringowej w Ojcowskim Parku Narodowym w latach 1995-2000

Sustainability of Picea abies of Istebna provenance in Dupniański Stream catchment as dependent on stand age class

Quality assessment of spring water from the area of the Lysogory Mts. in Swietokrzyski National Park in 2010

Analiza masy pierwiastkow docierajacych do wierzchniej warstwy gleby drzewostanu bukowego w Lesnym Zakladzie Doswiadczalnym w Krynicy w latach 1997 i 1998

Charakterystyka chemiczna wod powierzchniowych zlewni Potok Dupnianski w Beskidzie Slaskim

Historia lasow zlewni Potok Dupnianski w Beskidzie Slaskim

Charakterystyka chemiczna wód powierzchniowych zlewni Potoku Dupniańskiego oraz Olzy w Beskidzie Śląskim

Content of macronutrients in needles and litterfall in Norway spruce stands of different age in the Potok Dupnianski catchment, the Silesian Beskid

Charakterystyka chemiczna zrodel Potoku Dupnianskiego w Beskidzie Slaskim

Zmiany wybranych cech drzewostanu bukowego na powierzchniach doświadczalnych w Leśnym Zakładzie Doświadczalnym w Krynicy w latach 1998-2012

The effect of environmental conditions on surface water quality in the Zimnik and Czyrna catchments of the Beskid Śląski

Analiza przydatności do picia wód źródeł Zimnika i Czyrnej w Beskidzie Śląskim