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A new species of Murina, which belongs to the ‘cyclotis-group’, is described from Cambodia. It is characterised by the attachment point of the plagiopatagium, its large skull size, the distinctive shape of the rostrum, and the relative sizes of the upper incisors. To date, it is only known from Kirirom National Park, where it was collected in disturbed semi-evergreen gallery forest, which had many immature trees.
Based on a series of 11 specimens collected in north Vietnam between 2006 and 2007, a new species of tube-nosed bat belonging to the genus Murina is described. Externally similar to Murina aurata Milne-Edwards, 1872, from which it differs primarily in dental characteristics, the new species is distinguished from all other existing species of Murina by a combination of its small size, pelage and craniodental features. It is currently known from three localities in north Vietnam, all of which include significant areas of forest over limestone karst.
Six species of small vespertilionid bat were recently collected in Madagascar. Neoromicia matroka (included by some in Eptesicus) and N. malagasyensis were already recorded from the island. Pipistrellus hesperidus was known but under a different name, P. kuhlii. Neoromicia melckorum is a new species record for the island. Hypsugo anchietae represents a new species and genus record. The last taxon is a previously undescribed species of Pipistrellus, which shows affinities to three South-east and East Asian pipistrelle taxa. In this paper, the new species is described and further information on the taxonomy, distribution, ecology, and behaviour of all six taxa are provided.
In March, 2001, four bat species new to the fauna of Myanmar were collected in a limestone karst area of Mon State, south-east Myanmar, namely Craseonycteris thonglongyai, Rhinolophus marshalli, Myotis chinensis, and Myotis horsfieldii. Prior to this, C. thonglongyai was known only from Kanchanaburi Province in western Thailand. The new records increase the number of bat families for Myanmar to ten and the number of species to 92. The distribution pattern of C. thonglongyai in Myanmar and Thailand is discussed.
Twelve bat species have been collected recently from Cambodia, the majority from the Cardamom Mountains. Ten of these represent the first authenticated records for the country, namely: Megaerops niphanae, Rhinolophus luctus, Myotis annectans, Tylonycteris pachypus, T. robustula, Pipistrellus coromandra, Arielulus circumdatus, Hesperoptenus tickelli, H. blanfordi and Scotophilus heathii. They increase the number of bat species positively identified from Cambodia to forty. Measurements, taxonomic notes and distribution data within Cambodia are included for each of the twelve species.
In July–August, 2012, a small collection of bats was made in the Republic of Congo. These 24 specimens represent 14 species, of which eight (belonging to the Hipposideridae, Vespertilionidae and Miniopteridae), are new records for the country. The current paper briefly describes the specimens, illustrates diagnostic characters to assist with future identifications, and provides insights into their taxonomy. In addition, it reviews the literature records and provides distribution data for all 43 bat species, which are included now on the country's faunal checklist. Published collecting localities for bats in Congo are mapped and discussed both in terms of their geographical distribution and in relation to the variety of habitats that have been sampled in the past. Based on the literature, predictions are made about how many species of bat may be present in Congo. Recommendations are made for future bat research and conservation in the country.
A new species of Hipposideros is described from South-East Sulawesi, Indonesia. Morphologically, it shows close affinities to Hipposideros papua but is substantially smaller. It is currently only known from Rawa Aopa Watumohai National Park, an area of semi-disturbed lowland rainforest, where it was the most common species of hipposiderid recorded. In this paper, data on its morphometrics and echolocation are included, along with a brief discussion of its ecology and reproductive biology.
The long-toothed pipistrelle (Hypsugo dolichodon) was recently described as a new bat species based on four specimens from Laos and Vietnam. During investigations of taxa in the Vespertilionini tribe, we noted that specimens reported as Falsistrellus affinis (recently transferred to genus Hypsugo) from Myanmar and Cambodia have mtDNA sequences and craniodental characteristics similar to H. dolichodon and different from genuine H. affinis. Mitochondrial homogeneity within H. dolichodon was also apparent as there was no nucleotide difference between the widely distributed Cambodian, Lao and Vietnamese specimens in CO1 or Cytb genes. Although ecological data are scarce, H. dolichodon appears to be a cave-dweller which would suggest that conservation measures are a priority because tropical caves are under high pressure from human use.
In January 2002, a specimen of Kerivoula lenis was collected in Tirunelveli District, southern Tamil Nadu, India. It represents a range extension of over 1950 km. This is the first record of the taxon since its original description from Calcutta in 1916. The taxonomic status of K. lenis is reassessed. It is compared for the first time with K. papillosa and K. flora and more briefly with the nine other species of Kerivoula currently recognised in Asia.
Following extensive field work in Thailand (2006–2008), this paper reviews the taxonomic status of the three species of the Hipposideros bicolor group. Based on morphometric characters and acoustic data, the two phonic types, H. bicolor (131 kHz) and H. bicolor (142 kHz) are treated as distinct species. Hipposideros bicolor (131 kHz) is designated as H. bicolor; H. bicolor (142 kHz) is provisionally designated as H. atrox. The morphometric characters, acoustic data, and geographical distribution of H. pomona are also reviewed. The diagnostic characters of these frequently confused taxa are discussed, with a detailed study of the external, cranio-dental, and bacular morphology, and acoustic features. New data on the conservation status, distribution and ecology of these three species are included.
Although the systematic research of bats in Myanmar (Burma) began some 140 years ago, relatively few studies were conducted in the latter half of the 20th century. This paper seeks to review previous published research (1863-2000). It lists the 88 species currently recorded from the country and provides a baseline for further studies. Additionally, it includes the results of a recent bat survey in Mon and Kayin States and Mandalay Division during which voucher specimens of 14 species were collected. Rhinolophus malayanus is recorded from Myanmar for the first time and its diagnostic characters are compared with other taxa in the Rhinolophus ferrumequinum group. The survey also confirmed the presence of Miniopterus pusillus, included the second record of Taphozous theobaldi and a major range extension for Miniopterus magnater. Taxonomic notes and data on national and extralimital distributions, ecology and conservation status are included for each of the 14 species.
A new species of Kerivoula is described. Currently, it is known only from Namdee Forest in southern Kachin State, Myanmar. Externally, superficially similar to Kerivoula papillosa and with a dentition comparable to that of Kerivoula lenis, it is distinguished by its flattened skull. It was collected in evergreen forest in an area that also includes some mixed deciduous forest, shifting cultivation, and bamboo groves.
Variation in the acoustic structure of bat echolocation calls can often provide sufficient information for reliable and efficient species identification. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of echolocation call structure to identify a number of bats in the families Vespertilionidae, Emballonuridae, Nycteridae and Megadermatidae from Thailand. These species typically emit echolocation calls with a frequency-modulated (FM) sweep dominating part or all of their calls. A total of 510 echolocation calls from free-flying individuals were recorded throughout Thailand. According to the frequency-time spectra, these calls were categorized into four types: broadband FM (eight species), narrowband FM (seven species), long multiharmonic (four species) and short multiharmonic (three species). Discriminant function analysis was used to classify calls from individual bats to species. Correct classification levels were 85.9% for individuals emitting broadband FM calls (six species with adequate sample sizes), 70.4% for narrowband FM bats (seven species), 84.4% for species emitting long multiharmonic calls (four species) and 96.7% for species emitting short multiharmonic calls (two species with adequate sample sizes). However, classification rates were often low at the species level. Acoustic identification of bats emitting FM calls should be approached with caution in species-rich communities, in contrast with the identification of rhinolophoid bats where many species use distinctive constant frequencies that can facilitate identification, and provides a basis for rapid acoustic surveys of large areas in Thailand, and potentially other parts of Southeast Asia.
A review of the literature relating to the history of bat research in Thailand (1821–2006) is included, together with lists of the 119 bat species currently recorded from the country and the 16 that are omitted for lack of supporting data. The geographical distribution within Thailand of the some of the more significant bat field studies (1896–2004) is mapped and briefly discussed. Based on field work conducted in peninsular Thailand in 1993 and 2003–2004, eight bat species (Hipposideros ridleyi, Myotis hermani, Pipistrellus stenopterus, Hesperoptenus tomesi, Murina suilla, Murina aenea, Kerivoula pellucida, and Mops mops) are recorded from the country for the first time; information is provided on their taxonomy, distribution, and ecology. Recommendations are made for further bat studies in Thailand, with emphasis placed on selecting less well known species groups, such as forest bats, in under-researched habitats in neglected geographical areas (for example, the deciduous dipterocarp forests of eastern Thailand and the semi-evergreen forests of peninsular Thailand). A need to develop in-country skills in bat acoustics and taxonomy is also highlighted.
The diversity of Rhinolophidae in Thailand and Vietnam is briefly discussed and the taxonomy of Asian Kerivoulinae, with particular reference to the genus Phoniscus, is reviewed. Four new country records are included: Rhinolophus shameli and Kerivoula kachinensis from Vietnam and Phoniscus jagorii from Vietnam and Thailand. A second record of Phoniscus atrox from Thailand is also discussed.
We studied the chiropteran diversity of Andaman Islands between July 2012 and January 2016 from 38 different localities spread throughout the islands. Our surveys revealed the presence of 17 species of bats. One species — lesser bamboo bat Tylonycteris pachypus — reported earlier could not be found during the present study. Our study adds four new species records (Andersen's roundleaf bat Hipposideros pomona, diadem roundleaf bat Hipposideros diadema, Indian pipistrelle Pipistrellus coromandra, and greater bamboo bat Tylonycteris robustula) for the Andaman Islands. A brief review of each species including details on its distribution (earlier and present), and external and craniodental measurements is provided. We also provide a database of echolocation calls for the Islands' echolocating bat fauna, and confirm the reliability of acoustic monitoring as a method to noninvasively document chiropteran diversity there. This database allows comparisons with taxa from the mainland that are currently considered conspecific, but which show acoustic divergence, and deserve further taxonomic study.
Kerivoula kachinensis is reported for the first time from Cambodia, Lao PDR and Thailand. In April, 2005 and January, 2006, three individuals were collected in deciduous dipterocarp forest, near bamboo, in the Seima Biodiversity Conservation Area, Mondul Kiri Province, Cambodia. In September, 2007, two individuals were collected in lower montane forest, which included some mixed deciduous forest, bamboo groves and banana trees, in the hills of Phu Suan Sai National Park, Loei Province, and a single individual was collected in mixed deciduous forest, near bamboo, in the Nam Nao National Park, Petchabun Province, Thailand. In 1996–1998, seven specimens were collected from five localities in north, central and southern Lao PDR; most were associated with evergreen forest at altitudes between 150–800 m a.s.l. The species appears to be relatively widespread in continental Southeast Asia. Locally common, it is probably not currently at risk.
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