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This paper presents parturient paresis (.,milk fever”) aetiopathogenesis and describes the synergic role of magnesium in regulating the hormonal system of calcium metabolism in relation to its adjunct effect in preventing the development of the disease in dairy cattle. It also presents theoretical, experimental and clinical evidence for a link between the occurrence of subclinical hypomagnesaemia and the incidence of parturient paresis. It has been shown that magnesium deficiency reduces the ability of cows to mobilise calcium in response to hypocalcaemia. The links between the biochemical properties of magnesium and the aetiopathogenesis of parturient paresis in dairy cows are explored and their consequences for the prevention of this disease are considered.
The distribution and the number of the T. spiralis larvae per 1 g of muscle were determined in rats experimentally infested at the rate of 200, 500 or fed meat containing the larvae. The examinations were also carried out on pigs fed 200, 1000 and 10 000 larvae. The intensity of larvae invasion and distribution depended on the dose used for infestation. The highest number of the larvae in rats and pigs infested with lower doses of T. spiralis was found in the tongue muscles, masseter, femur and diaphragm. In animals infested with medium-sized inocula (rats with 500 and pigs 1000 larvae) the highest number of the larvae was noted in the intercostal muscles, in the masseter in the transversal muscles of the abdomen, in the biceps muscle of the thingh and in the diaphragm. In pigs infested with 10 000 larvae and in rats fed infested meat the highest number of the T. spiralis larvae was found in the diaphragm. Numerous larvae were also noted in the tails and oesophagi of the animals under study.
Usefulness of Rumineral, i.e. multicomponent mixture for cows and young cattle in case of alimentary stress and mineral disturbances was evaluated. The mixture was administered for 20—30 days at a dose of 100 g per 250 kg of body weight in healthy cows at the beginning of pasture season and while the change of feed took place; besides, it was administered in sick cows with the signs of osteomalatio and the syndrome of fat overmobilization, and in bulls with rachitis and degenerative arthritis. The clinical status of the animals was under control and it included especially the function of the alimentary tract and productivity; in addition in healthy cows the level of selected indices of mineral, carbohydrate and protein metabilisms were evaluated. The findings indicated that Rumineral was easily applied, improved appetite, stimulated milk production and weight gains. It influenced beneficially the mineral metabolism protecting from hypomagnesemia and from the development of P and Ca deficiences; the drug also accelerated the recession of clinical signs of the disease caused by mineral disturbances.
В лабораторных и местных условиях определяли инсектоубийственные и репелентные свойства препарата Insektin и безопасность его применения. Препарат оказался средством, удобным для применения, безопасным для животных различного вида. Препарат показывает в течение 2—3 недель отпугивающее действие по отношению к насекомым и их личинкам, а часть их также убивает. В связи с этим он должен найти повсеместное применение в борбье с множеством мух, атакующих мух в помещениях и на пастбищах.
The investigations have been done on the farm with a moderate form of atrophic rhinitis (AR). For trials 80 sows and their litters divided randomly into 4 equal groups I, II, III and IV were used. Sows and piglets from the group I were immunized using Bordetella bronchiseptica bacterin (Bp). Femals from the group II were vaccinated with a monovalent Bp bacterin and piglets from this group apart from the vaccine were given additionally twice anti­serum Bp and Pasteurella multocida (Pm). Sows and piglets of the group III were immunized with monovalent vaccines against Bp and Pm. Swine from group IV served as control. Effectiveness of the treatment was assesed by three different methods: a) body weight gains of 50 slaughter hogs from each group, b) done’s visual snout evaluation and c) digital computer evaluation of turbinate parameter ratios (TPR). The obtained results showed that each of the used methods of immunoprophylaxis was useful. The best results were noted in the group II. It was found that clinical investiga­tions were not eftective to determine the health status of swine regarding to AR. The most objective method seems to be TPR evaluation. Direct correlation between the in­tensity of changes in the snout and body weight gains was proved to be only partially useful.
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