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Background. The aim of the study was to evaluate the awareness of Lyme borreliosis prevention and risk of being infected with the Borrelia burgdorferi in the forestry workers of Ternopil Region. To achieve the objective, serological tests were performed. Material and methods. The studies were conducted by diagnosing serum in 348 employees of Ternopil Region for anti-Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. antibodies by ELISA test. The age of the examined persons ranged from 17 to 75, mean age - 38.9 years. All the participants completed а questionnaire. The forestry workers were asked to state whether they noticed any symptoms compatible with Lyme borreliosis. Results. 348 forestry workers employed in five forest inspectorates were examined for specific anti-Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. antibodies. With ELISA test, a positive or inconclusive result in at least one antibody was observed in 43.1% of the respondents (n=150 of 348): IgM antibody − in 14.6% (n=51 of 348), and IgG antibody – in 35.3% (n=123 of 348). The largest number of respondents in the study group, i.e. 35.3%, were bitten in the abdomen area. As for the methods of tick removal, most respondents pulled the tick out with fingers (35.9%), while only 6.0% turned to a physician or nurse to have it removed. Erythema migrans (47%) and pruritis (31%) were the most frequent symptoms among the participants. Conclusions. T he absence of t he official r ecognition of Lyme b orreliosis as an occupational disease in Ukraine makes the study of prevention measures and their distribution in professional groups working in wooded areas an urgent matter. Providing the forest administration units with a sufficient number of tweezers or special loops for tick removal would certainly increase the protection of those exploiting forests against work-related tick-borne diseases.
Background. The aim of the study was to evaluate the awareness of Lyme borreliosis prevention and exposure to ticks in non-medical students of 2 universities in Ternopil Region (Western Ukraine). Material and methods. The study was conducted by surveying 252 young persons studying at non-medical universities in Ternopil (Western Ukraine): 119 students of Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatyuk National Pedagogical University (TNPU) and 133 of Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University (TNTU), aged 18-23 years old. All the participants completed а questionnaire. Results. The students of Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatyuk National Pedagogical University (TNPU) and Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University (TNTU), Ternopil, understand that the risk of being infected with Lyme borreliosis does not only appear in forests, but also in gardens, parks, and countryside. Still, 16.5% of the students of both Ternopil universities showed very low awareness about Lyme borreliosis. Most TNPU respondents in the study group (40.7%) were bitten by a tick in the abdomen area; 31.3% of the TNTU students declared being bitten in lower limbs. Students of both universities recorded the fewest bites in the chest area (7.1% in TNTU and 13.0% in TNPU respectively). As for the most frequent methods of tick removal, 71.4% of the respondents lubricated it with fat (e.g. butter, oil) and 42.0% twisted it out with tweezers. Conclusions. Education towards proper methods of tick removal, prevention of tick bites (clothes, repellents) should become an important element of protection measures in students in the regions of high Lyme borreliosis frequency, including Ternopil.
Background. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of changes in IgG anti-C6VlsE concentration in patients treated for Lyme borreliosis in relation to clinical manifestations of the disease. Material and methods. The study group consisted of 20 patients from Ternopil and surrounding areas (Western Ukraine) with clinical symptoms of Lyme borreliosis. IgG anti-C6VlsE was measured three times: before starting the patients on antibiotic therapy, immediately after its completion and 3-4 months after the end of antibiotic therapy. Results. In 40% of the patients the IgG anti-C6VlsE concentration decreased 3-4 months after the treatment, but only in half of them it was associated with elimination of symptoms. 60% of patients did not show any tendency to decrease in IgG anti-C6VlsE concentrations after 3-4 months after the treatment, and 25% of patients in this group had an improvement in health condition. Conclusions. It cannot be excluded that IgG anti-C6VlsE may be important in the serological evaluation of the efficacy of Lyme borreliosis treatment, especially in early stage patients. However, this requires further research, which should be extended to a larger group of patients. It is also important that the assessment of anti-C6VlsE antibody concentration should be performed additionally for a period longer than 4 months from the end of antibiotic therapy.
Lyme borreliosis (LB) is the most common tick-borne disease in Europe and the number of cases continues to grow. The aim of the following paper was to present the epidemiological situation and standards of LB diagnosis in the two neighboring countries of Central-Eastern Europe, i.e. Poland and Ukraine. Lyme borreliosis is considered endemic both in Poland and Ukraine. In Poland, the surveillance system for LB was started in 1996, as the number of LB cases increases systematically. Presently, LB occupies a prominent place amongst occupational diseases. In Ukraine, registration of LB began in 2000, and the incidence of this disease in the country increases each year. At the same time, Ukraine does not officially recognize LB as an occupational disease, which would provide the sick with proper social guarantees. Poland has available recommendations issued by the Polish Society of Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases for diagnosis and treatment of LB. In turn, common recommendations for methods of diagnosis and treatment of LB in Ukraine are still missing. In the absence of any guidelines on laboratory diagnostics of LB in Ukraine, some serious efforts should be made to harmonize standards in the diagnosis of Lyme disease in this country, which could be based on the guidelines in force in European countries.
Background. The study aimed to analyse the prevalence of antibodies to specific Borrelia burgdorferi antigens in hunters from the area of Lublin Province (Poland) and forestry workers from the vicinity of Ternopil (Ukraine). Material and methods. The study group included 240 hunters, members of the hunting clubs in Lublin Province (Poland), aged 23-80 and 339 forestry workers employed in the 5 forest districts subordinated to the Ternopil Regional Administration of Forestry and Hunting, aged 18-76. All persons were given anti-B. burgdorferi IgM/IgG antibodies (ELISA test and Western blot). Results. Positive anti-B. burgdorferi IgM/IgG results were found in 21.7% of the hunters and 31.9% of the forestry workers. The occurrence of positive results in anti-B. burgdorferi antibodies depends significantly (p<0.02) on the area of the tested persons from Ukraine and was higher in the Berezhany district − 48.2% and the Buchach district − 47.5%. Conclusions. Because of the high exposure to tick bites and the possibility of B. burgdorferi infection, it is justified and desirable to strive to implement a full two-step diagnostic approach to Lyme disease in forestry workers in Ukraine. Further, it is particularly vital to undertake extensive educational and diagnostic activities, especially in the Berezhany and Buchach districts. Finally, it would be beneficial to implement systemic solutions in this regard also in hunters due to the ever-increasing number of this professional group each year.
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